Quiz on artefacts
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Quiz on artefacts
- 1. Quiz on Artefacts 3-10-2019 Dr Venkatesh Dr Sree Rekha
- 2. Quiz • Round 1 • Round 2 • Round 3 • Round 4
- 3. Pre – fixation artefacts 1.Identify the artefact and 2.Reason for the artefact
- 4. Q1 1
- 5. Crush artefact • Tissue distortion resulting from even the most minimal compression of the tissue. • Suture the mucosa of the interest • Take the biopsy with non teethed forceps.
- 7. • Gel foam artefact • Made up of gelatin • To arrest bleeding on vascular organs.
- 9. Pigment/ Tatoo artefact • Due to tatooing • Can be Birefringent
- 11. Cellulose artefact • Cellulose – commonly seen in GIT • Due to inadequate preparation or washing • Can be seen in cotton, gauze and cardboard
- 13. Thermal artefact • Due to laser used to control bleeding • Seen in the margins • Heat causes coagulation and denaturation of the proteins
- 14. Tissue Processing and Microtomy artefacts 1.Identify the artefact and 2.Reason for the artefact
- 16. • Venetian blind artifact • Reasons: – Excessive vibrations in the knife edge – Overdehydartion – Dull knife, loose knife -Keep the knife securely clamped into its holder and the holder to the microtome. – Loose block
- 18. Chatter • Chatter • Reasons: – Over dehydrated tissue – Dull –knife – Occurs when large block from large tissue tissue (like cervix or uterus) when cut produces vibrations.
- 20. • Bubble artefact • Reason: – Due to improper mounting
- 22. • Ice crystal artefact or swiss cheese artefact • Reason: – Due to improper freezing of the muscle biopsy specimen – It may also occur after improper transport or storage that allows thawing and refreezing of the sample
- 24. • Moth eaten artefact • Reasons: – Aggressive block facing and trimming – Trimmimg too rapid – Dull knife
- 26. • Folding artefact • Reasons: – Poor technique of ribboning – Not enough streching of tissue – Water bath too cold – No tissue adhesive
- 28. • Inadequate clearing • Reason: • Improper wax clearing leading to undue staining
- 30. • Formalin Pigment • Reasons:
- 31. Artefacts in cytology 1.Identify the artefact and 2.Reason for the artefact
- 33. • Lubricant contamination. • Lubricant jelly which is used before performing PAP smear
- 35. • Sutures in the PAP smear • Can be seen in cervical smears
- 37. • Pollen grains • Usually seen in respiratory samples.
- 40. Diagnostic artefacts 1. Name the artefact 2. Reason for the artefact
- 42. • Azzopardi effect • The basophilic appearance of the vessel wall due to encrustation of DNA from the necrotic tumor cells onto the vessel wall.
- 44. • Basal cell carcinoma • The retraction cleft occurs between tumour and stroma because of shrinkage of mucin during tissue fixation and staining.
- 46. • Fried egg appearance Oligodendroglioma • Formalin fixed artefact
- 54. • Mast cells in Toludine blue staining • Metachromasia
- 56. • Tigroid background – Seminoma • Occurs due to glycogen rich tumour cells.
Editor's Notes
- during improper freezing of the muscle biopsy specimen (Fig. 4.4). It may also occur after improper transport or storage that allows thawing and refreezing of the sample. This type of artifact may simulate pathologic change, such as vacuolar myopathy, or it may distort pathologically altered fibers, thereby precluding proper interpretation. In contrast to pathologic vacuoles, the vacuoles associated with ice crystals are in the more slowly frozen or earlier thawing portion of the specimen, which is generally in the center or at the periphery of the tissue block, respectively. Vacuoles tend to affect every fiber in the region of artifact and may be arranged in a gradient according to size. Where the artifact is minimal, small vacuoles are numerous in each fiber, uniform in size, and arranged in a waffle pattern; they are located between the myofibrils. In poorly frozen regions, larger clear vacuoles are present. Muscle transported to the laboratory in saline can acquire artifactual separation of muscle fibers during freezing due to the expansion of water that accumulated in the interstitium.