NATURAL SATELLITE....

1. E.BABY SYAMALA
7TH SEM BSCED (PCM)
RIE MYSORE

2. VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP
TO NATURAL
SATELLITE

3. NATURAL SATELITE
 A natural satellite, or moon, is a celestial body that orbits
another body, e.g. a planet, which is called its primary. There are
173 known natural satellites orbiting planets in the Solar
System,[1][2] as well as at least eight orbiting IAU-listed dwarf
planets.[3] As of January 2012, over 200 minor-planet moons
have been discovered.[4] There are 76 known objects in the
asteroid belt with satellites (five with two satellites each), four
Jupiter trojans, 39 near-Earth objects (two with two satellites
each), and 14 Mars-crossers.[4] There are also 84 known natural
satellites of trans-Neptunian objects.[4] Some 150 additional
small bodies have been observed within rings of Saturn, but only
a few were tracked long enough to establish orbits. Planets
around other stars are likely to have satellites as well, though
numerous candidates have been detected to date, none have yet
been confirmed.

6. Origin and orbital characteristics
The natural satellites orbiting relatively close to the planet on
prograde, uninclined circular orbits (regular satellites) are generally
believed to have been formed out of the same collapsing region of the
protoplanetary disk that created its primary. In contrast, irregular
satellites (generally orbiting on distant, inclined, eccentric and/or
retrograde orbits) are thought to be captured asteroids possibly further
fragmented by collisions. Most of the major natural satellites of the Solar
System have regular orbits, while most of the small natural satellites
have irregular orbits.[6] The Earth's Moon[7] and possibly Charon[8] are
exceptions among large bodies in that they are believed to have
originated by the collision of two large proto-planetary objects

9. Satellites of satellites
No "moons of moons" (natural satellites that orbit a natural
satellite of another body) are currently known as of 2014. In
most cases, the tidal effects of the primary would make such a
system unstable.
However, calculations performed after the recent detection[9] of
a possible ring system around Saturn's natural satellite Rhea
indicate that satellites orbiting Rhea would have stable orbits.
Furthermore, the suspected rings are thought to be narrow,[10] a
phenomenon normally associated with shepherd moons.

11. SHAPE…….
Neptune's moon Proteus is the largest irregularly shaped
natural satellite. All other known natural satellites that are at
least the size of Uranus's Miranda have lapsed into rounded
ellipsoids under hydrostatic equilibrium, i.e. are
"round/rounded satellites". The larger natural satellites,
being tidally locked, tend toward ovoid (egg-like) shapes:
squat at their poles and with longer equatorial axes in the
direction of their primaries (their planets) than in the
direction of their motion. Saturn's moon Mimas,

13. Name Satellite of
Difference in axes
km
% of mean
diameter
Mimas Saturn
33.4 (20.4 /
13.0)
8.4 (5.1 / 3.3)
Enceladus Saturn 16.6 3.3
Miranda Uranus 14.2 3.0
Tethys Saturn 25.8 2.4
Io Jupiter 29.4 0.8
Moon (Luna) Earth 4.3 0.1

14. Natural satellites of the Solar System
The seven largest natural satellites in the Solar System (those bigger
than 2,500 km across) are Jupiter's Galilean moons (Ganymede, Callisto,
Io, and Europa), Saturn's moon Titan, Earth's moon, and Neptune's
captured natural satellite Triton. Triton, the smallest of these, has more
mass than all smaller natural satellites together. Similarly in the next size
group of nine natural satellites, between 1,000 km and 1,600 km across,
Titania, Oberon, Rhea, Iapetus, Charon, Ariel, Umbriel, Dione, and
Tethys, the smallest, Tethys, has more mass than all smaller natural
satellites together. As well as the natural satellites of the various planets,
there are also over 80 known natural satellites of the dwarf planets,
asteroids and other small Solar System bodies. Some studies estimate
that up to 15% of all trans-Neptunian objects could have satellites.

16. Terminology……….
The first known natural satellite was the Moon, but it was considered a
"planet" until Copernicus' introduction of heliocentrism in 1543. Until the
discovery of the Galilean satellites in 1610, however, there was no
opportunity for referring to such objects as a class. Galileo chose to refer
to his discoveries as Planetæ ("planets"), but later discoverers chose
other terms to distinguish them from the objects they orbited.
Christiaan Huygens, the discoverer of Titan, was the first to use the term
moon for such objects, calling Titan Luna Saturni or Luna Saturnia –
"Saturn's moon" or "The Saturnian moon", because it stood in the same
relation to Saturn as the Moon did to the Earth

18. The definition of a moon
There is not an established lower limit on what is
considered a "moon", as natural satellites will be referred
to in this section. Every natural celestial body with an
identified orbit around a planet of the Solar System, some
as small as a kilometer across, has been identified as a
moon, though objects a tenth that size within Saturn's
rings, which have not been directly observed, have been
called moonlets. Small asteroid moons (natural satellites of
asteroids), such as Dactyl, have also been called moonlets

20. Visual summary……
Ganymed
e
(moon of
Jupiter)
Titan
(moon of
Saturn)
Callisto
(moon of
Jupiter)
Io
(moon of
Jupiter)
Moon
(moon of
Earth)
Europa
(moon of
Jupiter)
Triton
(moon of
Neptune)
Titania
(moon of
Uranus)
Rhea
(moon of
Saturn)
Oberon
(moon of
Uranus)
Iapetus
(moon of
Saturn)
Umbriel
(moon of
Uranus)
Ariel
(moon of
Uranus)
Dione

22. References
•Sheppard, Scott S. "The Giant Planet Satellite and Moon Page". Departament of
Terrestrial Magnetism at Carniege Institution for science. Retrieved 2012-09-11.
•"How Many Solar System Bodies". NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 2012-
01-26.
•"Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers". International Astronomical Union (IAU)
Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). Retrieved 2012-01-27.
•Wm. Robert Johnston (2012-01-11). "Asteroids with Satellites". Johnston's Archive.
Retrieved 2012-01-26.
•"Hubble Discovers New Pluto Moon". ESA/Hubble Press Release. Retrieved 13 July
2012.
•Encyclopedia of the Solar System, page 366, Academic Press, 2007, Lucy-Ann Adams
McFadden, Paul Robert Weissman, Torrence V. Johnson

23. External links…..
Natural Satellite Physical Parameters (JPL-NASA, with refs—last updated July 2006)
Moons of the Solar System (The Planetary Society, as of March 2009)
JPL's Solar System Dynamics page
USGS list of named moons
Upper size limit for moons explained
Asteroids with Satellites
Images of planets and major moons (not to scale)
The Planetary Society - Moon Montage(s)

24. THANKS…….
SUBMITTED BY…..
E.Babysyamal
a