Decoding 'Free & Open Indo-Pacific.'.pptx

Decoding The ‘Free and Open
Indo-Pacific (FOIP).’
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Index
2 2
Sustainaiblity Purpose. Page No.8
2. Fundamental Concept: Origin & Meaning. Page No.4
1. Features Of Indo-pacific: Geographical Features & Geo Political Features. Page No.3
Security. Page No.13,14
5. Key Engagement Initiatives In Past Ten Years. Page No.15,16
6. Major Challenges.
Risk of Natural Disasters. Page No.19
8. List Of Sources. Page No.22,23,24,25,26,27,28
Connectivity. Page No.11
4. Key Dimensions. Page No.9
Governance. Page No.12
Economy. Page No.10
Economy Purpose. Page No.7
Geopolitical Purpose. Page No.6
3. Fundamental Purposes. Page No.5
Increased Strategic Competition Might Lead / Unstable Indo-pacific. Page No.17
Different Priorities Of All States. Page No.18
Corruption. Page No.20
7. Abbreviations. Page No.21

 ///////////
3
Strategic location, availability of vast untapped natural resources have brought Indo-pacific region at the center of world geo-
politics; Accounting 62% to global GDP & 40% of the world exports, the region is a prime hub for global economic growth.
Features of Indo-Pacific
Geographical
Features
Geo-Political
Features
 Oceans:
 Pacific and Indian Oceans (Covers Indian Ocean,xxxxx, xxxxxx,, xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxxx).
 Landmass:
 xxxxxx of world surface area .
 Population:
 xxxxxxxxxpeople (xxxxxxxxxx)
 Mineral Resources:
 Offshore hydrocarbons, xxxxxxxx, zxxxxxxxxxx, seabed minerals, rare
earth metals, etc. (Rich in different types of mineral resources such as
polymetallic nodules, cobalt, and ferromanganese-rich crusts, rare earth
elements, calcareous and siliceous oozes, and various liquid and gaseous
substances such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, and other minerals.)
 Bio diversity:
 1/3rdof the
 World's highest species richness found in
 States/Countries:
 Atleast 40 Countries: Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, India, Indonesia,
Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal xxx,xxx,xxxxxx,xxxxxxxx,xxxxxx,
 Xxxxx,xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,
 System of Governance:
 International Trade:
 Accounts for xxxxx of world GDP
 xxxxxxof the world’s merchandise trade,.
 xxxxxxxxxbarrels of crude oil pass through the area every year.
 xxxxxxxxxof the world's exports come from the area.
 Maritime Trade :
 Important sea lanes such as the maritime trade routes via the northern Indian Ocean and
the Malacca Strait. Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
 9 out of 10 xxxxx,xxxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxxxxx
 About xxxxxxxof the world’s maritime trade goes through the region, of which xxxxxxd
pass through the South China Sea.
 Major security threats/Maritime Disputes;
 About 40 sea-related disputes among regional countries, xxxxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxxxxxx
 O
 Military :
 Top xxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx
Features of Indo-Pacific
3
Sources:

The concept of FOIP was first envisioned by Japan. The FOIP as evolved till now, revolves around ASEAN centrality, economic
liberalization, rule based governance, connectivity & security throughout the region.
Fundamental
Concept
Meaning
1. The vision for ‘Free & open Indo-Pacific (FOIP) ’ was 1st promulgated by Japanese PM
Shinzo Abe in his his keynote address at TICAD VI held in Kenya, on August 27, 2016.
2. Quoting the words of PM Abe introducing the concept of Free & Open Indo-Pacific
Vision : -
3. The concept talks about two continents, xxxxxxxx & way of xxxxxxxx of the oceans. It
xxxxxxxx Asia & Africa as two continents of huge growth potential. Two oceans, Free
and open Pacific Ocean and Indian Oceans are considered key for stability and
prosperity in the continents . Therefore it
Fundamental Concept
Origin
1. The expanse:
 From the eastern
2. Key Dimensions:
 FOIP ,as evolved as of now, mainly revolves around 4 dimensions viz; ‘economy,’
propagates free market economy for region’s prosperity, rule based ‘governance’
, ‘security’ which covers broad range of areas such as territorial sovereignty, free
& open seas specially security of key sea trade routes, food security, energy
security, health security & so on & ‘connectivity’ focusing on infrastructure
development for uninterrupted supply chains & free markets .
3. Key Objective:
 Aimed
4. Key Features:
 Maritime Security co-operation (The key to peace, stability, and prosperity in the
Indo-Pacific region is “free and open seas), ASEAN Centrality, rulemaking through
dialogue,
4
Sources:

Countering China’s growing dominance in the region, establishment of liberal trade practices based on international rule of
law & addressing issues of common concern such as natural disasters, piracy, IUU fishing, climate change, corruption, security
etc. are key motives of FOIP.
Fundamental
Purposes.
1.
Geo-political
Purpose.
2.
Economy
Purpose.
3.
Sustainability
Purpose
.
Xxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxxxxxxxx,
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,
Xxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
,xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Fundamental Purposes.
Tcharticles Analysis 5
Source:

Countering China led BRI, its economic coercion & trade distorting practices as well as its rapid militarization in the region are
chief geopolitical purposes of FOIP.
Geo-political Purpose: To counter China’s growing
influence & dominance in indo-pacific
Geo-political Purpose: xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
 China is thexxxxxxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxx , Latin America through physical infrastructure.
 Under xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
 This asset acquisitions strategy undermining state
sovereignty
 Most of these projects are strategically located & which
can give china assess
 The region is intricately intertwined with China for trade
 .
 .
 .
 .
.
 Increased military presence, South China territorial
Disputes & Sovereign Claims by China.
 Alleged to be funding deep port facility project in
Cambodia
 Seeking to expand its
 China’s sovereign claims & territorial disputes
with Vietnam,
pose threat to free, open & peaceful navigation in
the region.
 China claiming land in the South China Sea by
physically increasing the size of islands or creating
new
 As South China Sea accounts for at least 1/3rd of
global maritime trade,
Sources:
Alternative To China’s Belt & Road Initiative. Reducing Economic Dependence on China.
To counter militarization in the region by China &
ensure open navigation.

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
Economy Purpose:xxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
1. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/trade/overview#2
2. https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/wtr21_e/00_wtr21_e.pdf
3. https://www.orfonline.org/research/security-economy-and-ecology/
 The Indo-Pacific regionxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 2/3rd of xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 ‘Trade is an xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Since 1990, trade has increased incomesxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
 xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Trade is linked to higher female xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
 regionxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Consumers in economies open regionxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
 Gradually eliminating non trade barriers & import tariffs would regionxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Interconnected regionxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
 trading system can help countries to be more economically resilient to shocks by
regionxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 countries
 xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Trade led xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
 suffers if its markets are not connected. Many of the world’s poorest people live in places that are
landlocked, remote or otherwise ill-served by international trade links.
 .
 With a 46-% share in world xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Sources:
To xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx

Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxTo Counter Issues Of Common Concern.
 The Indo-Pacific is home to xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
 ‘Free & open indoxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
Natural
Disasters
 In 2022, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
 xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Piracy
 In 2022, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
Cyber
threats
 The xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Territorial
Security
Sources:.

Connectivity, Economy, Security & Governance are key dimensions of Free & Open Indo-Pacific.
Dimensions Of FOIP
Key
Dimensions
Economy
Governance
Security
Connectivity
Source:.

Aims /
Strategic Ends
 To
.
 To
 To
Strategic
Ways
Strategic
Means
 Obey xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
Maintain the WTO rules as a foundation, Participate in IMF ,WB, UN and other institutes of global governance.
 Economic xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
Participation in IPEF, ASEAN, QUAD & son on
 Promote xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx Investments in innovation, science, technology, startups, digitization , decarbonization & infrastructure etc.
 Building xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
Improvement in resources development, transportation, and industry-related infrastructure , participation in
international organizations for diversification of supply, strengthening mutual cooperation to address economic
coercion, strengthening supply chains for critical commodities such as semiconductors and critical minerals, including
through support and collaboration with companies, data sharing and collaboration across companies, promoting of
public finance options.
 Promote Fair economy. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
 Promote Clean economy. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
 Promotion of Responsible Business Conduct. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
 Promotion of Blue Economy. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx
Dimensions of Free & Open Indo-Pacific- Economy.
Sources:

/
Aims /
Strategic Ends
 To increase human.
Strategic
Ways
Strategic
Means
 Development, operation and maintenance of
infrastructure that can contribute to improvement
in regional connectivity.
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
 Encourage digital connectivity across indo- pacific. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
 Improvement in communications infrastructure . 5G xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
(xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Enhancement in people & “Knowledge”
Connectivity.
xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Physical infrastructure development, digital connectivity, improvement in communication infrastructure & enhancement of
people & knowledge connectivity etc. are key pillars of Connectivity under FOIP.
Dimensions of Free & Open Indo-Pacific - Connectivity.
Sources:

Aims /
Strategic Ends
 EstablMaintain xxxxxxx
xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx
 Advance a free and open
Indo-Pacific.
Strategic
Ways
Strategic
Means
 . xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
 .. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
FOIP aims to achieve establishment & defending of rule of law, maintaining FOIP where seas, skies & others shared domains
are lawfully governed & maintain international environment where states make their own sovereign choices, consistent with
their obligations to international law .
Dimensions of Free & Open Indo-Pacific- Governance.
Sources:

Aims /
Strategic
Ends:
 Expand
Strategic
Ways
Strategic
Means:
 Create awareness of and confidence-building
measures in the domain of cyber security, build
support for an open, interoperable, reliable, and
secure internet.
 Engagement in defense cooperation projects Co-operation projects such as vessel maintenance cooperation project, co-operation among coast guards for joint
drills & xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
(xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Promotion of safe use of the air by promoting air
domain awareness
Knowledge sharing related to air domain awareness; exchanges related to warning and surveillance, high-level and
working-level exchanges between Air Force branches; initiatives for air decarbonization, wider use of SAF, etc.;
establishment and promotion of a system of cooperation among the aviation authorities in new technologies such as
aviation control, airport technology, drones, and flying cars etc.
 International co-operation & collaboration to combat
terrorism, violent extremism & trafficking &
prevention of the exploitation of new and emerging
technologies
Xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Dimensions Of Free & Open Indo-pacific- Security [Chart 1/2 ]
Sources:

Aims /
Strategic
Ends:
 Expand
Strategic
Ways
Strategic
Means:
 For Food security, xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
 Cooperation in disaster reduction in the Indo-Pacific
region.
xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 For health security, xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
 Participation in bilateral , multilateral co-operation &
engagements through information sharing ,need
assessment for
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Securing blue economy by xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxx xx x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
Dimensions Of Free & Open Indo-pacific- Security [Chart 2/2]
Sources:

International
Major Engagement Initiatives In Past 10 Years [ Chart 1/2 ]
QUAD, IPEF, AKUS, IPMDA, are important major multilateral engagement initiatives among Indo-pacific states which are
aimed towards increasing connectivity, security, economic growth & governance.
Sr. No Country Major Engagement Initiative/ Participation In Key Focus Areas (Economy, Governance, Security, Connectivity)
1.
Australia
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
2. India SAGAR Initiative, Act East Policy, Project Sagarmala, Project Mausam, Participation in QUAD, IPEF, BIMSTEC and Mekong-Ganga Economic Corridor , Forum for
India-Pacific Islands cooperation(FIPIC), Digital India Inititative, IPOI, Participated in Combined Maritime Forces (CMF) as an associate partner(2022), IORA’s
Outlook on the Indo-Pacific, IN – EUNAVFOR Joint Naval Exercice, Bécame member of Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) in June 2016, Wassenaar
Arrangement (WA) in December 2017 and the Australia Group (AG) in January 2018, Indo-Pacific Partnership for Maritime Domain Awareness (IPMDA).
3. USA xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
4.
Japan xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Sources

International
Major Engagement Initiatives In Past 10 Years [ Chart 2/2 ]
EU-ASEAN Comprehensive Air Transport Agreement, Chip 4 Semiconductor Alliance, Millennium Challenge Corporation
(MCC) Compact , Combined Task Force Excercises are major engagement initiatives that focus on key dimensions of Indo-
pacific.
Sr. No Country Major Engagement Initiative/ Participation In Key Focus Areas (Economy, Governance, Security, Connectivity)
5. European Union (EU)
xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
6. Indonesia
7. Republic of Korea
8. Singapore
Sources:.

USA & China are major powers with conflicting ideologies have strong military capabilities & defense networks in the region.
Power competition between them can lead to creation of unstable Indo-pacific.
Major Challenges: Increased Strategic Competition Might Lead To Unstable Indo-pacific.
 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx
 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 China deployed its military capabilities more assertively, in the South
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Sea, xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
 its border with xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
 , near median xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
 of the Taiwan. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
 China’s xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
 Territorial dxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
Regional
Defense
Capabilities
Asian Military Posture Regional Military Alliances.
States Number of
alliances
Top partner countries
USA Rank - / Score -
China Rank - / Score -
Regional
Defense
Capabilities
States
Joint Training
(Allies)
Joint Training
(Non-allies)
Defense Dialogues Long-range Maritime Force
Projection
USA
China
Sources:

Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
Major Challenges: Different Priorities Of All States.
 Major xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Developed xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx such as USA & Japan propagates democracy, human rights & containment of China as core to free & open Indo-pacific while India advocates
issue based multi alignment policy. ASEAN countries have adopted ‘inclusivity’, supporting close co-operation with both China &USA .
 Differing xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Economic Relationships
States
Primary Trade Partner: Number Of
Countries In Which State Is The Primary
Regional Trading Partner (2020)
Regional Investment Ties
Economic Diplomacy
Foreign
Investment In
Indo-pacifc Region
Primary Foreign
Investor
Regional FTAs Foreign Assistance (Regional)
China
USA
xxxx
10%
xxxxxx
90%
Xxxxxx xxxxx

Asia-Pacific is the most disaster-prone region in the world. Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Major Challenges:xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx
 Climxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 It has been observed that xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Effective implementation xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 3, (45xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 3 major xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 People xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 East xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Total xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Thexxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 3 major xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Thexxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 High temperatures xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Sources:

 Politicians are seen to be the most corrupt.
 Corruption xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Climate xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
 Political elites xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
 ‘xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx by law’ rather than ‘rule of law’ meaning the use of anti-corruption frameworks to prosecute opposition leaders and crack down on civil society organizations.(ex- India. Use of government agencies by
ruling party to suppress opposition voices.)
 Diverse legal frameworks for governing money in politics.
 Asia—xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
 ‘Digitalization of politics’ makes xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
 Bribery of foreign public officials by multinational companies, company employees, agents and facilitators lead to ‘Exporting Corruption’ .
 Foreign bribery transactions xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 Involvement of financial xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
 States have serious inadequacies xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx
 Countries such as China ,Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Hongkong, India xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 In India, there is xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
 Tackling Corruption:
 The Political Declaration of the xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Major Challenges: Corruption

1. ADB – Asian Development Bank
2. AKUS - Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States,
3. ASEAN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations
4. AU - Australia
5. Bln - Billion
6. BRI – Belt & Road Initiative.
7. CEEW - Council on Energy, Environment and Water
8. CEPS - Centre for European Policy Studies.
9. CFR - Council on Foreign Relations
10. DFAT - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
11. DoS - Department Of State.
12. DPG - Delhi Policy Group.
13. EM-DAT- Emergency event database
14. Etc. - Et Cetera
15. EuroParl – European Parliament
16. FOIP - Free & Open Indo-Pacific.
17. FTA – Free Trade Agreements.
18. GDP - Gross Domestic Product.
19. GFP - Gobal Fire Power.
20. GREENFDC - Green Finance & Development Center
21. ICPO - International Criminal Police Organization.
22. ICWA – Indian Council of World Affairs
23. IDEA - Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance
24. IDSA - Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses
25. IFRI - Institut français des relations internationals
26. IMF - International Monetary Fund
27. IMO – International Maritime Organization
28. IORA – Indian Ocean Rim Association.
Abbreviations
26. IPEF – Indo-Pacific Economic Framework
27. ISA – International Solar Alliance.
28. IUU – Illegal, unreported, and unregulated
29. KAS - Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
30. Mea - Ministry of External Affairs
31. Mofa - Ministry of Foreign Affairs
32. NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
33. NBR – National Bureau of Asian Research
34. ORF - Observer Research Foundation
35. PM- Prime Minister
36. QUAD/ QSD -. Quadrilatéral Security Dialogue.
37. RAN - Radio Access Network.
38. SAF - Sustainable aviation fuel
39. TICAD - Tokyo International Conference on African Development.
40. UN – United Nations
41. UNDRR – United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
42. UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
43. USA / US – United States of America
44. USCC - U.S.–China Commission / United States–China Economic and Security
Review Commission
45. USD – United States Dollar
46. Viz - which is
47. WB – World Bank
48. WHO – World Health Organization.
49. WTO - World Trade Organization
50. 5G - Fifth generation

List Of Sources
Sr.
No.
Source Source Link
1. Mofa Japan-New Plan for a “Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP) -2023 https://www.mofa.go.jp/files/100477660.pdf
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

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Decoding 'Free & Open Indo-Pacific.'.pptx

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