Factories act 1948-Historical background, introduction, objectives, three basic provision related to factories act 1948;i.e;provision regarding health, safety, welfare of the worker

1. WELCOME
TO
FACTORIES ACT 1948

2. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
vTHE FIRST COTTON TEXTILE FACTORY WAS SET UP AT BOMBAY AS EARLY AS 1854.
vBY 1881 THERE WERE 5000 POWER LOOMS AT WORK IN BENGAL. BALLY PAPER MILLS
WERE SET UP AT HOOGLY AND SEVERAL TANNING AND LEATHER FACTORIES WERE
ALSO SETUP AT KANPUR WHICH LED TO FACTORY ESTABLISHMENT EXISTENCE IN INDIA.
vTHIS BROUGHT FACTORIES EVILS SUCH AS :-1)EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN AND
CHILDREN AT TENDER AGE,2) EXCESSIVE HOURS OF WORK,3) HAZARDOUS AND
INSANITARY WORKING CONDITION
vGREAT NEED FOR PROTECTIVE LABOUR LEGISLATION TO FIGHT AGAINST THE
CONDITION OF WORKER WAS FELT, SO THE FIRST FACTORY ACT CAME INTO EXISTENCE
IN 1881AND THEN THIS ACT WAS AMENDED IN THE YEAR
1891,1911,1922,1934,1948,1976 AND 1987. IT WAS EXTENSIVELY AMENDED IN THE
YEAR 1948.

3. INTRODUCTION
qTHE FACTORY ACT 1948 IS MORE COMPREHENSIVE THAN THE
PREVIOUS ACT AND FOCUSES MAINLY ON HEALTH, SAFETY,
WEFARE OF THE WORKERS INSIDE FACTORIES AND ALSO DEALS
WITH WORKING HOURS , MINIMUM AGE TO WORK, LEAVE WITH
PAY E.T.C.
qTHE FACTORY ACT 1948 CONSIST 11 CHAPTERS, 120 SECTIONS
AND 3 SCHEDULES.
qTHIS ACT EXTENTD TO THE WHOLE OF INDIA INCLUDING JAMMU
AND KASHMIR.

4. OBJECTIVES:-
1. TO PROTECT EMPLOYEES WORKING IN THE FACTORY
FROM BODILY STRAIN
2. TO PROVIDE THE EMPLOYEES TO WORK IN HEALTHY
AND HYGENIC CONDITIONS
3. TO ENSURE ANNUAL LEAVES WITH WAGES
4. TO PROTECT WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN THE COURSE
OF EMPLOYMENT
5. TO PROTECT THE WORKERS FROM HAZARDOUS
WORKS AND PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS

5. THREE BASIC PROVISION OF FACTORIES ACT
1948:-
1.HEALTH PROVISION:- CHAPTER 3;SECTION(11)
TO(20)
2.SAFETY PROVISION:- CHAPTER 4; SECTION (21) TO
(41)
3.WELFARE PROVISION:- CHAPTER 5; SECTION (42)
TO (50)

6. PROVISION REGARDING HEALTH:-
vCLEANLINESS (SECTION 11)
vDISPOSAL OF WASTES AND EFFLUENTS ( SECTION 12)
vVENTILATION AND TEMPERATURE (SECTION 13)
vDUST AND FUMES (SECTION 14)
vARTIFICIAL HUMIDIFICATION ( SECTION 15)
vOVERCROWDING( SECTION 16)
vLIGHTING ( SECTION 17)
vDRINKING WATER (SECTION 18)
vSANITATION FACILITIES ( SECTION 19 )
vSPITTONS ( SECTION 20)

7. PROVISION REGARDING SAFETY:-
v FENCING THE MACHINERY ( SECTION 21)
v WORK ON OR NEAR MACHINERY IN MOTION ( SECTION 22)
v EMPLOYMENT OF YOUNG PERSONS ON DANGEROUS MACHINES ( SECTION 23)
v STRIKING GEAR AND DEVICES FOR CUTTING OFF POWER (SECTION 24)
v SELF ACTING MACHINES ( SECTION 25 )
v CASING OF NEW MACHINERY ( SECTION 26)
v PROHIBITION OF EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN NEAR COTTON OPENERS ( SECTION 27 )
v HOISTS AND LIFTS ( SECTION 28 )
v LIFTING MACHINES ,CHAINS ,ROPES AND LIFTING TACKLES ( SECTION 29)
v REVOLVING MACHINERY ( SECTION 30)
v PRESSURE PLANTS ( SECTION 31)
v FLOOR , STAIRS AND MEANS OF ACCESS (SECTION 32)
v PITS ,SUMPS ,OPENING IN FLOOR, ETC (SECTION 33)
v EXCESSIVE WEIGHTS ( SECTION 34)
v PROTECTION OF EYES ( SECTION 35)
v PRECAUTIONS AGAINST DANGEROUS FUMES ,GASES ETC ( SECTION 36)
v EXPLOSIVE OR INFLAMMABLE DUST, GAS ETC ( SECTION 37

8. vPRECAUTION IN CASE OF FIRE ( SECTION 38)
vPOWER TO REQUIRE SPECIFICATIONS OF
DEFECTIVE PARTS OR TESTS OF STABILITY
( SECTION 39)
vSAFETY OFFICERS ( SECTION 40)
vPOWER TO MAKE RULES TO SUPPLEMENT
THIS CHAPTER ( SECTION 41)

9. PROVISION REGARDING WELFARE :-
vWASHING FACILITIES ( SECTION 42 )
vFACILITIES FOR STORING AND DRYING CLOTHES ( SECTION 43)
vFACILITIES FOR SITTING ( SECTION 44)
vFIRST AID APPLIANCES ( SECTION 45 )
vCANTEEN ( SECTION 46 )
vSHELTERS, REST ROOMS, AND LUNCH ROOM ( SECTION 47 )
vCRECHES ( SECTION 48 )
vWELFARE OFFICERS ( SECTION 49)
vPOWER TO MAKE RULES ( SECTION 50 )