SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 25
Memori
Memori
               Flip-flop: memori 1-bit
               Register: memori n-bit, satu lokasi
               Memori: penyimpan data n-bit, m-
                lokasi

                MSB                         MSB                  LSB
                                  LSB                4-bit
                                             0      1        0   1     2

Flip-flop              Register         m    1      1        1   0     1

                                             0      0        0   1     0
                                                      n
                                                  Memori m x n
RAM (Random Access
Memory)

 RAM Merupakan chip yang
 menyediakan fungsi penyimpanan
 data yang bersifat “dapat dibaca dan
 ditulisi”, dan sifat penyimpanannya
 sementara (jika catudayanya
 ditiadakan, isi RAM hilang)
Static RAM (SRAM)

 Merupakan RAM yang sel-selnya
 menggunakan flip-flop sehingga: (1) datanya
 relatif stabil/statis sehingga tidak diperlukan
 adanya rangkaian “refresh”, (2) lebih cepat,
 (3) kepadatan komponen rendah/kapasitas
 kecil, (4) mahal
Sel SRAM
                       SELECT


                                                           SELECT

INPUT                      S
                                 Q        OUTPUT   INPUT       MC    OUTPUT
                           R
                                                               RWS

                                                    MC: memory cell
                           RWS
            READ/WRITE SELECT

           SELECT (CS)               RWS              MODE
                       1              0                Write
                       1              1                Read
                       0              X            INACTIVE
Organisasi SRAM: Bentuk 1
  A   1    1        0
                        MC                 MC            MC            MC
  A   0    0


                    1

                        MC                 MC            MC            MC
          DEKODER


                    2

                        MC                 MC            MC            MC



                    3
                        MC                 MC            MC            MC




RWS


  CS




                             IO   3             IO   2        IO   1        IO   0
Simbol RAM 4x4-bit: Bentuk 1

                 A0               I/O   0
Pin Alamat
                 A1               I/O   1
                                            Pin Data
                                  I/O
                          RAM           2



                        4x4-bit   I/O   3


                 RWS
 Pin Kontrol
                  CS




RWS=Read/Write Select
CS=Chip Select, ACTIVE-HIGH
Organisasi SRAM: Bentuk 2
     A   1    1        0
                           MC              MC            MC            MC
     A   0    0


                       1

                           MC              MC            MC            MC
             DEKODER


                       2

                           MC              MC            MC            MC



                       3
                           MC              MC            MC            MC


WE


OE


CE




                                  IO   3
                                                IO   2
                                                              IO   1
                                                                            IO   0
Simbol RAM 4x4-bit: Bentuk 2
                   A0               I/O   0
   Pin Alamat
                   A1               I/O   1
                                              Pin Data
                                    I/O
                          RAM             2



                   WE   4x4-bit     I/O   3


                   OE
   Pin Kontrol
                   CE




WE=Write Enable
OE=Output enable jenis ACTIVE-LOW
CE=Chip enable jenis ACTIVE-LOW
Cara MP Membaca dan Menulisi RAM
Misal di dalam RAM 8 byte berisi data sebagai berikut:
             Alamat                  Isi (Dalam
                                   Heksadesimal)
                0                         13
                1                         FF
                2                         C4
                3                         6D
                4                         FF
                5                         57
                6                         FF
                7                         FF
Cara MP Membaca RAM
     Mikroprosesor membaca alamat 3 dari RAM 8 byte:


                                                  1. Mikroprosesor mengirim sinyal
                                                     alamat 3 yakni A2A1A0=011
Tahap I
           1
           1
               A0            D0
                                  1
                                  0
                                                     lewat bus alamat ke pin alamat
               A1            D1
           0
               A2            D2
                                  1
                                  1
                                                     RAM (tahap I)
                             D3       Tahap I I
                                  0
                             D4
                     RAM     D5
                                  1
                                  1
                                                  2. Mikroprosesor mengirim sinyal
                             D6
                    8 byte   D7
                                  0
                                                     kontrol CE = 0, OE = 0, dan WE = 1
           0
Tahap II   0
               OE
                                                     untuk mengaktifkan mode baca
               CE
           1
               WE
                                                     RAM (Tahap II)
                                                  3. Data akan ditempatkan pada bus
                                                     data sehingga pada bus data
                                                     terdapat data 6D (tahap 3)
Cara MP Menulisi RAM
Mikroprosesor menulisi alamat 4 dari RAM 8 byte dengan data A2:


                                                   1. Mikroprosesor mengirim sinyal
             0                      0
                                                      alamat 4 yakni A2A1A0=100
 Tahap I     0
             1
                 A0
                 A1
                               D0
                               D1
                                    1
                                    0
                                                      lewat bus alamat ke pin alamat
                 A2            D2
                               D3
                               D4
                                    0
                                    0   Tahap II      RAM (tahap I)
                                    1
                       RAM     D5
                                    0
                      8 byte
                               D6
                               D7
                                    1              2. Mikroprosesor menempatkan
Tahap I I
             1
             0
                 OE                                   data A2 pada bus data (tahap II)
                 CE
             0
                 WE
                                                   3. ikroprosesor mengirim sinyal
                                                      kontrol CE = 0, OE = 1, dan WE = 0
                                                      untuk mengaktifkan mode tulis
                                                      RAM (Tahap III)
Contoh IC Static RAM Seri 6116


                         SRAM 2Kbyte




    PIN NAMES
    A0-A10      Address Inputs
    I/O0-I/O7   Data Inputs/Outputs
    /CE         Active LOW Chip Enable
    /OE         Active LOW Output Enable
    /WE         Active LOW Write Enable
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

 Merupakan RAM yang sel-selnya
 menggunakan kapasitor sehingga: (1)
 datanya tidak stabil/dinamis sehingga
 diperlukan rangkaian “refresh”, (2) lebih
 lambat, (3) kepadatan komponen
 tinggi/kapasitas besar, (4) lebih murah
Sel DRAM
Sel DRAM




           C E LL AR R AY
                 4 x 4
Organisasi DRAM

                                                                  Column address
CAS
                                                                             latch
                                                              A    2                 A   3
RAS                                                               Column address
                                                                          decoder


                                    A       0                                                           R/W
A 0 /A                                                                                         Input
         2
                                                                                               buffer
                                                                       CELL ARRAY                       Din
                                                                               4x4
                                                    decoder
                                                Row address
                Row address latch




                                    A   1
                                                                                                         CS
A 1 /A   3
                                                                                                        Dout
                                                                                             Output
                                                                                             buffer
Operasi Read DRAM

   Alamat baris (A1A0) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat
   Pin RAS diaktifkan agar sinyal-sinyal alamat baris menempati input
    dekoder alamat baris.
   Dekoder alamat baris memilih baris data yang diinginkan yang akan
    dikirim ke buffer out
   Pin CS dan R/W diaktifkan pada mode read
   Alaman kolom (A3A2) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat
   Pin CAS diaktifkan untuk menempatkan sinyal alamat pada input
    dekoder kolom. Pin ini selalu memberikan Output Enable, setiap sinyal
    CAS diberikan
   Data akan ditempatkan pada .Dout
   RAS dan CAS dinonaktifkan untuk melaksanakan operasi berikutnya
Operasi Read DRAM




Memori
20
Operasi Write DRAM
   Data yang akan disimpan ditempatkan pada Din
   Alamat baris (A1A0) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat
   Pin RAS diaktifkan agar sinyal-sinyal alamat baris menempati input
    dekoder alamat baris.
   Dekoder alamat baris memilih lokasi baris yang akan ditempati data dari
    buffer in
   Pin CS dan R/W diaktifkan pada mode write
   Alaman kolom (A3A2) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat
   Pin CAS diaktifkan untuk menempatkan sinyal alamat pada input
    dekoder kolom.
   Data akan ditempatkan pada alamat pada array sesuai yang diinginkan
   RAS dan CAS dinonaktifkan untuk melaksanakan operasi berikutnya
RAM 1M X 1




Memori
22
DRAM 64K X 1-bit
DRAM 64K X 8-bit




Memori
KONEKSI DRAM DATA n-bit

More Related Content

Featured

Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsKurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Tessa Mero
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...RachelPearson36
 
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
 
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at WorkGetSmarter
 

Featured (20)

Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
 
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
 
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
 

Tk306 111061-927-6

  • 2. Memori  Flip-flop: memori 1-bit  Register: memori n-bit, satu lokasi  Memori: penyimpan data n-bit, m- lokasi MSB MSB LSB LSB 4-bit 0 1 0 1 2 Flip-flop Register m 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 n Memori m x n
  • 3.
  • 4. RAM (Random Access Memory) RAM Merupakan chip yang menyediakan fungsi penyimpanan data yang bersifat “dapat dibaca dan ditulisi”, dan sifat penyimpanannya sementara (jika catudayanya ditiadakan, isi RAM hilang)
  • 5. Static RAM (SRAM) Merupakan RAM yang sel-selnya menggunakan flip-flop sehingga: (1) datanya relatif stabil/statis sehingga tidak diperlukan adanya rangkaian “refresh”, (2) lebih cepat, (3) kepadatan komponen rendah/kapasitas kecil, (4) mahal
  • 6. Sel SRAM SELECT SELECT INPUT S Q OUTPUT INPUT MC OUTPUT R RWS MC: memory cell RWS READ/WRITE SELECT SELECT (CS) RWS MODE 1 0 Write 1 1 Read 0 X INACTIVE
  • 7. Organisasi SRAM: Bentuk 1 A 1 1 0 MC MC MC MC A 0 0 1 MC MC MC MC DEKODER 2 MC MC MC MC 3 MC MC MC MC RWS CS IO 3 IO 2 IO 1 IO 0
  • 8. Simbol RAM 4x4-bit: Bentuk 1 A0 I/O 0 Pin Alamat A1 I/O 1 Pin Data I/O RAM 2 4x4-bit I/O 3 RWS Pin Kontrol CS RWS=Read/Write Select CS=Chip Select, ACTIVE-HIGH
  • 9. Organisasi SRAM: Bentuk 2 A 1 1 0 MC MC MC MC A 0 0 1 MC MC MC MC DEKODER 2 MC MC MC MC 3 MC MC MC MC WE OE CE IO 3 IO 2 IO 1 IO 0
  • 10. Simbol RAM 4x4-bit: Bentuk 2 A0 I/O 0 Pin Alamat A1 I/O 1 Pin Data I/O RAM 2 WE 4x4-bit I/O 3 OE Pin Kontrol CE WE=Write Enable OE=Output enable jenis ACTIVE-LOW CE=Chip enable jenis ACTIVE-LOW
  • 11. Cara MP Membaca dan Menulisi RAM Misal di dalam RAM 8 byte berisi data sebagai berikut: Alamat Isi (Dalam Heksadesimal) 0 13 1 FF 2 C4 3 6D 4 FF 5 57 6 FF 7 FF
  • 12. Cara MP Membaca RAM Mikroprosesor membaca alamat 3 dari RAM 8 byte: 1. Mikroprosesor mengirim sinyal alamat 3 yakni A2A1A0=011 Tahap I 1 1 A0 D0 1 0 lewat bus alamat ke pin alamat A1 D1 0 A2 D2 1 1 RAM (tahap I) D3 Tahap I I 0 D4 RAM D5 1 1 2. Mikroprosesor mengirim sinyal D6 8 byte D7 0 kontrol CE = 0, OE = 0, dan WE = 1 0 Tahap II 0 OE untuk mengaktifkan mode baca CE 1 WE RAM (Tahap II) 3. Data akan ditempatkan pada bus data sehingga pada bus data terdapat data 6D (tahap 3)
  • 13. Cara MP Menulisi RAM Mikroprosesor menulisi alamat 4 dari RAM 8 byte dengan data A2: 1. Mikroprosesor mengirim sinyal 0 0 alamat 4 yakni A2A1A0=100 Tahap I 0 1 A0 A1 D0 D1 1 0 lewat bus alamat ke pin alamat A2 D2 D3 D4 0 0 Tahap II RAM (tahap I) 1 RAM D5 0 8 byte D6 D7 1 2. Mikroprosesor menempatkan Tahap I I 1 0 OE data A2 pada bus data (tahap II) CE 0 WE 3. ikroprosesor mengirim sinyal kontrol CE = 0, OE = 1, dan WE = 0 untuk mengaktifkan mode tulis RAM (Tahap III)
  • 14. Contoh IC Static RAM Seri 6116 SRAM 2Kbyte PIN NAMES A0-A10 Address Inputs I/O0-I/O7 Data Inputs/Outputs /CE Active LOW Chip Enable /OE Active LOW Output Enable /WE Active LOW Write Enable
  • 15. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Merupakan RAM yang sel-selnya menggunakan kapasitor sehingga: (1) datanya tidak stabil/dinamis sehingga diperlukan rangkaian “refresh”, (2) lebih lambat, (3) kepadatan komponen tinggi/kapasitas besar, (4) lebih murah
  • 17. Sel DRAM C E LL AR R AY 4 x 4
  • 18. Organisasi DRAM Column address CAS latch A 2 A 3 RAS Column address decoder A 0 R/W A 0 /A Input 2 buffer CELL ARRAY Din 4x4 decoder Row address Row address latch A 1 CS A 1 /A 3 Dout Output buffer
  • 19. Operasi Read DRAM  Alamat baris (A1A0) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat  Pin RAS diaktifkan agar sinyal-sinyal alamat baris menempati input dekoder alamat baris.  Dekoder alamat baris memilih baris data yang diinginkan yang akan dikirim ke buffer out  Pin CS dan R/W diaktifkan pada mode read  Alaman kolom (A3A2) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat  Pin CAS diaktifkan untuk menempatkan sinyal alamat pada input dekoder kolom. Pin ini selalu memberikan Output Enable, setiap sinyal CAS diberikan  Data akan ditempatkan pada .Dout  RAS dan CAS dinonaktifkan untuk melaksanakan operasi berikutnya
  • 21. Operasi Write DRAM  Data yang akan disimpan ditempatkan pada Din  Alamat baris (A1A0) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat  Pin RAS diaktifkan agar sinyal-sinyal alamat baris menempati input dekoder alamat baris.  Dekoder alamat baris memilih lokasi baris yang akan ditempati data dari buffer in  Pin CS dan R/W diaktifkan pada mode write  Alaman kolom (A3A2) ditempatkan pada pin alamat lewat bus alamat  Pin CAS diaktifkan untuk menempatkan sinyal alamat pada input dekoder kolom.  Data akan ditempatkan pada alamat pada array sesuai yang diinginkan  RAS dan CAS dinonaktifkan untuk melaksanakan operasi berikutnya
  • 22. RAM 1M X 1 Memori 22
  • 23. DRAM 64K X 1-bit
  • 24. DRAM 64K X 8-bit Memori