6. Administration of intravenous solutions
EQUIPMENT
1. IV solution, as prescribed
2. Non allergenic tape (if patient has
tape allergy, use paper tape)
3. Electronic infusion device (if appropriate)
4. Alcohol swabs
7. 6. Clean gloves
7. IV pole
8. IV tubing (vented or nonvented).
9. Prefilled 2-mL syringe with sterile normal saline for injection
8. Procedure
Implementation
1- Check the medical order for the type, volume, and length of fluid
therapy.
2- prepare the fluid and ensure from expiration date ,discoloration
and puncture of package of the bag or bottle.
3. Wash hands and apply clean gloves.
4. Label the time of giving IV fluid and attach it to the side of container.
9. 5. Select the appropriate tubing and stretch it once it has been removed
from the package, and close the roller clamp.
6- Remove the insertion spike and insert IV tube by using a pushing and
twisting motion puncturing the seal on the container.
7- Hang the solution container to an IV pole.
10. 8. Squeeze the drip chamber until it is half full.
9- Open the roller clamp
slowly and release the air from tubing if there
is air bubble.
11. 10- Tighten roller clamp when all air has
been removed and apply cover or needle
to avoid contamination.
13- Apply pressure over the internal tip of the cannula and remove the
protective cap covering the end of cannula.
12. 14- Connect the tube of IV solution to the end of cannula. Inject 1 to 2 mL
of normal saline to flush the cannula.
15- Release the roller clamp and regulate the rate of fluid infusion.
16- Secure the tube by apply small piece of tape just above the cannula.
17. Remove the gloves
18.Discard the equipment into sharps box.
19. Perform Hand washing.
20. Documentation , type of fluid, amount , time.
13. Calculations
Drop factor × Amount
Time × Minute
15 × 500 = 7500 = 15 drop/minute
8 × 60 480
60 = 4 second ,each 4 second infusion 1 drop
15
14. Note:
❖In macro drip
• Each C.C equal (15 drops)
• (Drop factor 15 to 20)
❖In micro drip
• Each C.C equal (60 drops)
• (Drop factor 60)
Note:
• Drop factor for blood = 20 & Time= 4 HOURS
15. Complication of IV infusion set
Occlusion: Slowing or stop of fluid infusion
Causes:
1. Cannula not flushed
2. Kinking of the cannula
3. Back flow
4. Fibrin formation in or around the tip of the cannula.
Signs & Symptoms
• I.V. not running
• Blood in the line
16. Intervention
1. Check for kinks in cannula especially in elbow and near joints and try
to straight the cannula.
2. Raise IV bottle higher.
3. Pump the elastic portion in the tube 3 times
4. Inject 2 ml normal saline to flush cannula
5. If these measures are not successful, Remove and replace the cannula
by another site .
