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정보시대를 앞서가는
소프트웨어 교육
2018.07.30.
전라북도교육연수원
송은정
http://songej.com
4차 산업으로의 변화
1st (엔진) 2nd (에너지) 3rd (컴퓨터) 4th (인공지능)
Post-Human 시대
images from - http://www.academy.fraunhofer.de/de/corporate-learning/industrie40.html
Translate.it
Coexistence
"Future is not going to be about man vs. machines,
it's going to be about man with machines.“
- Satya Nadella, Microsoft CEO, Build 2016
images from - http://www.businessinsider.com/satya-nadella-microsoft-interview-with-business-insider-2016-4
인공지능의 정의
images from - http://theconversation.com/your-questions-answered-on-artificial-intelligence-49645
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
images from - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Btqro3544p8
images from - http://www.indiewire.com/2014/12/inside-the-making-of-the-imitation-game-and-cracking-the-alan-turing-code-189899
The Imitation Game
AI is anything that has not been done yet
'AI effect' or 'odd paradox'
It is not AI
images from - http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/this-is-not-a-pipe-parodies
images from - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_brothers
Be inspired by nature,
but not too much.
인공지능의 활용
CaptionBot.ai
What-Dog.net
How-Old.net
인공지능과 언어
자연어 처리
VS
컴퓨터의 언어 인간의 언어
매우규칙적 다양한방식으로표현
자연어 처리 연구: 자연어를 해석해서 컴퓨터가 이해할 수 있는 언어로 바꾸려는 시도
자연어 처리 엔진의 활동
• 미국 조지아 공과대학교 조교 활동
• 미국 대형 로펌 변호사 활동
• 싱가포르 DBS 은행 근무
• 힐튼 호텔 호텔리어 근무
• 미국 앤더슨 암센터 암 진단 활동:
암 진단 정확도 96%로 전문의 진단보다 정확함
(미국 종양학회, 2015)
images from - http://mobilemarketingmagazine.com/arthritis-research-uk-uses-ibm-watson-ai-to-provide-advice-and-information-for-sufferers
지식 기반 인공지능의 한계
He saw a woman in the garden with a telescope.
상식
애매모호
방대한
지식
비용
인공 신경망 기반 번역
가
• 한국어: 개가 매우 행복해 보인다. 그 개는 강아지 6마리를 낳았다.
• 영어: The dog looks very happy. The dog bore 6 puppies.
• 프랑스어: La chienne a l’air très heureuse. La chienne portait 6 chiots.
데이터 기반 기계 학습의 한계
‘사람과 대화를 잘 한다는 것’에 대한 고민
• Microsoft 인공지능 채팅봇 Tay
• 서비스 시작 16시간 만에 운영 중단
• 욕설, 인종차별적 언어 학습
• 어떤 데이터로 학습했느냐에 따라 결과가 달라짐
images from - http://www.wired.co.uk/article/microsoft-zo-ai-chatbot-tay
Moravec's Paradox
"지능검사나체스에서어른수준의성능을발휘하는컴퓨터를만들기는상대적으로쉬운반면,
지각이나이동능력면에서한살짜리아기만한능력을갖춘컴퓨터를만드는일은어렵거나불가능하다."
images from - https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/49wrt4/adversarial_images_for_deep_learnin
FOXP2: 언어 유전자
• Lai, C. S., Fisher, S. E., Hurst, J. A., Vargha-
Khadem, F., & Monaco, A. P. (2001). A
forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a
severe speech and language disorder.
Nature, 413(6855), 519.
• Vargha-Khadem, F., Gadian, D. G., Copp, A.,
& Mishkin, M. (2005). FOXP2 and the
neuroanatomy of speech and language.
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6(2), 131-138.
“인간이 언어를만들었다기보다는 언어가인간을만들었다”-JacquesMonod
인공지능과 미래역량
images from - https://research.google.com/teams/brain/healthcare
images from - http://www.ntradeshows.com/legaltech-new-york
프로야구뉴스로봇,서울대학교이준환교수연구실
https://www.facebook.com/kbaseballbot
• AP통신 로봇 기자 '워드 스미스‘
2013년 300만 건,
2014년 10억 건의 기사 작성
• LA타임즈 지진 속보 기자 ‘퀘이크봇’
• 기상 예보, 주식 시황, 스포츠 경기 등
다양한 분야의 기사 작성 가능
• 기사를 쓰는 속도 및 양에서
인간 기자는 상대가 되지 않음
로봇 기자
Deep Dream Generator - https://deepdreamgenerator.com
• 소니의 컴퓨터 과학 연구소의 인공지능 작곡가
• 1만 3천곡을 분석한 데이터를 바탕으로
사용자가 선택한 스타일에 맞춰 작곡
• 아빠의 자동차(Daddy's Car)와 그림자 씨(Mr. Shadow) 작품 공개
videos from - https://youtu.be/LSHZ_b05W7o
• 인공지능 '벤자민'이 쓴 시나리오로 만든 단편 영화 태양샘(Sunspring)
• 다양한 시나리오들을 학습하여 보편적인 이야기 구조를 파악
• 주제와 소재를 입력하면 시나리오 작성
Robot-assisted Learning
Transformation by Technology
VS
감성과 실존 창의성과 전문성
유아동과노인들을
보살피는일
학생을전인적으로 성장시키는
교사의역할
업무에서높은수준의
기획과관리가필요한일
중요한 판단
의학적판단
법률적판단
인공지능이 하기 어려운 일
Future Competencies
공감 창조 가치판단

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4차 산업혁명과 미래교육