This document provides information about assignments for the Fall 2014 semester for the B.Sc IT program. It includes the subject code and name, credit hours, and evaluator for the assignment. It then lists 6 questions related to database management systems, including explanations of data independence, SQL server architecture, indexed sequential file organization, the system catalog in RDBMS, semantics of tuple relational calculus queries, and Boyce-Codd normal form with an example. Students are instructed to email their semester and specialization to receive fully solved assignments.

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FALL 2014 - Assignment
PROGRAM B.Sc IT
SEMESTER FIRST
SUBJECT CODE & NAME BT0066-Database Management Systems
CREDIT 3
BK ID B0950
MAX.MARKS 60
Note – Answer all questions. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.
1 Explain the concept of data independence and explain why it is required?
Answer: - Data independence:- Data independence is the type of data transparency that matters for a
centralized DBMS. It refers to the immunity of user applications to make changes in the definition and
organization of data.
Physical data independence deals with hiding the details of the storage structure from user applications.
The application should not be involved with these issues, since there is no difference in the operation
carried out against the data. The data independence and operation independence together gives the
feature of data abstraction. There are two
2 Draw and explain the diagram of SQL server 2000 architecture.

2. Answer:
Q.3 What do you mean by indexed sequential file organization? Explain with the help of an example.
Answer: - Indexed sequential file organization:-
 An indexed file contains records ordered by a record key. Each record contains a field that
contains the record key. The record key uniquely identifies the record and determines the
sequence in which it is accessed with respect to other records. A record key for a record might
be, for example, an employee number or an invoice number.
 An indexed file can also use alternate indexes, that is, record keys that let you access the file
using a different logical arrangement
Q.4 What is the system catalog in RDBMS? Also explain what information is stored in the system
catalog.
Answer:- system catalog in RDBMS: The database catalog of a database instance consists of metadata in
which definitions of database objects such as base tables, views (virtual tables), synonyms, value ranges,
indexes, users, and user groups are stored.[1][2]
The SQL standard specifies a uniform means to access the catalog, called the INFORMATION_SCHEMA,
but not all databases follow this, even if they implement other aspects of the SQL standard. For an
example of database-specific metadata access methods,
Q.5 What do you mean by semantics of TRC queries? Give an example of TRC queries.
Answer:- semantics of TRC queries:- Tuple calculus is a calculus that was introduced by Edgar F. Codd as
part of the relational model, in order to provide a declarative database-query language for this data
model. It formed the inspiration for the database-query languages QUEL and SQL, of which the latter,
although far less faithful to the original relational model and calculus, is now the de-facto-standard
database-query language; a dialect of SQL is used by nearly every relational-database-management
system. Lacroix and Pirotte proposed domain calculus, which is closer to first-order logic and which
showed that both of these calculi (as well as relational
6 Explain BCNF with an example.

3. Answer : Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
 When a relation has more than one candidate key, anomalies may result even though the
relation is in 3NF.
 3NF does not deal satisfactorily with the case of a relation with overlapping candidate keys
 i.e. composite candidate keys with at least one attribute in common.
 BCNF is based on the concept of a determinant.
Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
“ help.mbaassignments@gmail.com ”
or
Call us at : 08263069601
(Prefer mailing. Call in emergency )