Biotechnology Session conference .pdf

Biotechnology &
Its Applications
Dr. Hassan Mostafa
Reyadapro Experts Co. CEO,
MENA Pharma & Quality Trainer, consultant & Expert
7/17/2022 Dr. Hassan Mostafa, Reyadapro Experts CEO, MENA Pharma & Quality Trainer, Consultant & Expert 1

7/17/2022
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‫عام‬ ‫مدير‬ ‫و‬ ‫مؤسس‬
‫شركة‬
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Reyadapro Experts
–
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•
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•
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‫بيزنس‬ ‫ارت‬
‫بالسويد‬ ‫اكاديمي‬
•
CEO @ Primary Care Pharmaceutical Co. – Saudi Arabia
•
Senior member @ ASQ – USA
•
Certified Six Sigma Black Belt ASQ – USA
•
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2
‫دكتور‬
/
‫محمد‬ ‫مصطفى‬ ‫حسن‬
‫المستقبل‬ ‫علماء‬ ‫منصة‬ ‫خبير‬ ‫و‬ ‫استشاري‬
‫المؤتمر‬ ‫استشاري‬

7/17/2022
• History & Meaning of Biotechnology
• Importance & types of biotechnology
• Applications of biotechnology
• Benefits of biotechnology
• Biotechnology role in human welfare
Agenda
Dr. Hassan Mostafa, Reyadapro Experts CEO, MENA Pharma & Quality Trainer, Consultant & Expert 3

"Origin of the term “Biotechnology”
• Biotechnology techniques are used thousands years before “not
named their working field as biotechnology”.
• Biotechnology name was given by Hungarian engineer Karoly Ereky
in 1919 to describe a technology based on converting raw materials
into a more useful product.
History

"Origin of the term “Biotechnology”
• The ancient Egyptians made wine using
fermentation techniques
[ microbiological processes that occur in the
absence of oxygen].
History

• Egyptians also applied fermentation technologies during
bread-making.
• Yogurt was made at homes but the reason of the
conversion of milk into yogurt was unknown to old people.
• Yogurt is made due to the action of yeast added to milk;
• Biotechnology using a microorganism for human benefit.
History

7/17/2022 Dr. Hassan Mostafa, Reyadapro Experts CEO, MENA Pharma & Quality Trainer, Consultant & Expert
▪ Any technological application that uses biological systems, living
organisms, or derivatives, to make or modify products or processes for
specific use.
Introduction
7
▪ Biological processes of microorganisms have been used for more than
6,000 years to make useful food products, [bread and cheese, & to
preserve dairy products.”
▪ Biotechnology is the broad area of biology

History
Application of fermentation in
production of wine and other alcoholic
beverages is also
a biotechnological technique

The evolution of biotechnology over the last century
Year 2020 Biotechnology innovations lead the fight against the SARS-CoV-2
pandemic.
Year 2013 The first bionic eye is produced in the US giving hope to blind
people worldwide
Year 2010 A group of researchers from the J.Craig Ventere Institute creates
the first synthetic cell.
Year 1998 A draft of the human genome map is created that locates more than
30,000 genes.

Year 1983 The first genetically modified (transgenic) plant is presented.
Year 1969 An enzyme is synthesized in vitro for the first time in history.
Year 1953 Biologists James Watson and Francis Crick describe the double
helix of DNA.
Year 1997 Scientists introduce the world to Dolly the sheep, the first clone of a
mammal.

Year 1919 Hungarian agronomist Karl Ereky coins the term biotechnology.
Year 1943 Canadian scientist Oswald Theordore Avery discovers that DNA
is the carrier of genes.
Year 1928 Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming discovers
the antibiotic use of penicillin.

What is Biotechnology?
• Biotechnology = Biology + Technology
• Understanding & Manipulation of Genes (The code of life) and Their
Products for Useful Purposes
• Technology based on biological sciences that includes:
Agriculture
Food science
Genetics
Medicine

• “The controlled use of biological agents, such as microorganisms or
cellular components.”(US National Science Foundation)
• “The application of biological organisms, system or process to
manufacturing & service industries." (British or processes to
manufacturing and Biotechnologist)

• “The integrated use of biochemistry, microbiology, and engineering
sciences to achieve technological (industrial) application of the
capabilities of micro-organisms, cultured tissue cells.” (European
Federation of Biotechnology).

• "the application of biological systems and organisms to technical
and industrial processes".
• the age-old techniques for making beer or yogurt as well as the
most advanced uses of recombinant DNA technology.
FDA definition of biotechnology

• From production of enzymes for laundry detergents, to selective
breeding of plants and animals, to genetic engineering of bacteria
to clean up oil spills.
FDA definition of biotechnology

• Biotechnology is a clearly multidisciplinary field involving
biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, immunology,
microbiology, pharmacology, fermentation, agriculture, …etc
Biotechnology a multidisciplinary field

Biotechnology product:
• Defined as a good or service, the development of which requires the
use of one or more biotechnology techniques per the list-based and
single definitions above.
• It includes knowledge products (technical know-how) generated from
biotechnology R&D.
Other definitions

Biotechnology process
• Defined as a production or other (e.g.; environmental) process using
one or more biotechnology techniques or products
Other definitions

Biotechnology active firm (enterprise)
• A firm engaged in key biotechnology activities such as the application
of at least one biotechnology technique to produce goods or services
and/or the performance of biotechnology R&D .
Other definitions

Other definitions
Biotechnology expenses:
• An expense incurred in the generation of biotechnology revenue.

Innovative biotechnology firm:
• A biotechnology active firm that applies biotechnology techniques
for the purpose of implementing new or significantly improved
products or processes .
Other definitions

Biotechnology sales/revenue:
• The revenue generated from the sale (or transfer) of biotechnology
products (including knowledge products).
Other definitions

Biotechnology patent:
• Defined as a patent belonging to a defined list of International Patent
Classification codes.
Other definitions

Biotechnology employment:
• The employment involved in the generation of biotechnology
products
• Employment be measured in terms of staff numbers rather than
hours worked.
Other definitions

Biotechnology Health Sciences
Definition • Biology study to make or develop new products.
• Research on cells, organisms, and biological
processes net ground-breaking results that
advance health and technological development.
• Scientists have improved crops, developed
vaccines, and created new fuels all through the
study of biotechnology.
• Study of naturally-evolved lifeforms and deriving
new applications from the studies.
• Focus on modification of existing life forms to
create new technologies.
• Significant overlap between biotechnology,
biology, biochemistry, and molecular genetics
• Study of science as it relates to
human and animal health.
• Broad field that encompasses
basic sciences, clinical research,
math, and sometimes even sports
studies.
• Divided into two areas.
• First is the study and research of
health sciences.
• Second is the application of the
research to cure diseases,
increase overall health, & better
understand how animals and
humans' function.

7/17/2022 Dr. Hassan Mostafa, Reyadapro Experts CEO, MENA Pharma & Quality Trainer, Consultant & Expert
27
Applications
• The Biotechnology Innovation
Organization (BIO) identified three ways that
biotechnology can be a benefit.
• First, heal our world through the reduction of
infectious disease,
• Second, allowing for treatments tailored to
individuals
• Third, combating illnesses in the developing
world.
• New vaccines, antibiotics, and research
techniques can save the lives of millions of
children in poverty-stricken nations.
• the study and development of new and more
efficient fuels.
• Help us reduce the use of fuel through
ground breaking research into improving and
streamlining manufacturing processes.
• The use of biofuels can cut greenhouse
emissions significantly.
• The Study & the applications are equally
extensive.
• Improve healthcare through research and
the application of the conclusions of the
research.
• Study diseases, mental health, nutrition,
and many other fields.
• Research methodologies are carefully
followed to control for placebo effects and
other influencing factors.
• The Mayo clinic comprises over 90
doctoral and 400 clinical staff dedicated to
improving patient health through medical
research.
• Their focus include cancer,
gastrointestinal diseases, neurology,
musculoskeletal disorders, and others.

Applications
• BIO states that biotechnology
can feed the world through
innovations in farming.
• Farmers can increase crop
yields, use fewer pesticides,
and grow more resilient crops.
• Produce foods without certain
allergens and increase the
nutritional profile to combat
vitamin and nutritional
deficiencies.
• Professionals working in the clinical side of health
sciences apply the conclusions to patient care to treat
diseases and improve outcomes.
• Everyday best practices used by doctors, nurses,
clinical assistants, veterinarians, and paramedics are
all based on research produced in this field.
• Public health services, healthcare management, and
healthcare information technology are non-clinical
applications of health sciences careers.
• Support and complement clinical and research
positions to improve patient outcomes.

Subfields
•Biological engineering techniques; animals in
the animal biotechnology field. [animals for
pharmaceutical, agricultural, and industrial
purposes]. Designed to be resistant to certain
diseases or even synthesize targeted proteins.
• environmental biotechnology researchers
address environmental problems. [removal of
pollutants and creation of renewable energy ]
•Applied immunology: Using biotechnology to
create biologic therapeutics [ new vaccines,
antibiotics, diagnostics].
•Food chemistry: enhance & safely use existing
& new materials in food production. [biologic such
as biopolymers, lipids, and biofilms].
•Biopolymer :naturally occurring polymers, [
starch in corn], find new applications for them.
Bioinformatics combination of computers and
biotechnology.
• Software is utilized to understand, evaluate, and
study complex biologic data.
The study of animal and human health:
•The study and treatment of mental and
emotional disorders happens in the field
of mental health.
•Medicine diagnosing, treating, and
preventing diseases.
•Variety of health care practices and
practitioners of all levels of education.
•Creating healthy communities through
research and treatment is the science and
art of public health.
•Health administration : create
organizations that effectively manage
healthcare systems.
•Veterinary sciences treatment,
diagnosis, and prevention of diseases in all
types of animals, from farm livestock to zoo
animals and pets.

Educational
Preparation
and Career
Outlook
• Numerous degrees/
Courses in biotechnology
• Include microbial
biotechnology, forestry
sciences, and animal
biotechnology.
• Include extensive lab time
in addition to lectures.
• Jobs in biotechnology :
microbiologists,
agricultural engineers,
food scientists,
epidemiologists, lab
technicians, or
biochemists.
• Health science degrees vary from institution to institution,
• Study foundational courses in mathematics, sociology,
and writing.
• Take extensive courses in biology and chemistry.
• Studies in ethics, business, law, and anatomy and
physiology.
• Clinical concentrations such as anesthesia technology,
radiation therapy, substance abuse, and aging health.
• Non-clinical concentrations include healthcare
management, health information technology, and public
health.
• Bachelor’s degree, job opportunities include medical or
health services manager, claims reviewer, medical sales
representative, medical laboratory technician, and
community health specialist.
• An occupational therapist, pharmacist, dentist, doctor, or
audiologist.

• Genetically engineered microbes used for producing drugs and
vaccines in large scale at low costs that are of great importance (human
insulin, erythropoietin, and hepatitis-B vaccine)
• Genetically engineering plants are controlled to produce vaccines
• One of the future sources of cheap protein drugs in the coming years,
would be genetically engineered animals who would secrete drugs in
great quantity.
Scope of biotechnology

• Modern biotechnology provides breakthrough products and technologies
to fight rare diseases, reduce our environmental footprint, feed the
hungry, use less and cleaner energy, and have safer, cleaner and more
efficient industrial manufacturing processes.
Biotechnology
in Medical
Biotechnology
in industry
Modern biotechnology

• >250 biotechnology health care products and vaccines available to
patients, many for previously untreatable diseases.
• >13.3 million farmers around the world use agricultural biotechnology to
increase yields, prevent damage from pests and reduce farming's impact
on the environment.
• >50 biorefineries are being built across North America to test and refine
technologies to produce biofuels and chemicals from renewable
biomass, which can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Two important technique :
1. Alteration of chemistry of DNA & RNA to introduce into host
organism to change phenotype of host- Genetic engineering
2. Maintenance of sterile ambience to enable growth of desired
microbe/ eukaryotic cell in large quantities for manufacture of
biotechnological products like vaccine, enzymes, beverages, drugs etc.
Development Of Modern Biotechnology

Ancient biotechnology
• Early history as related to food and shelter; Includes domestication
Classical biotechnology
• Built on ancient biotechnology; Fermentation promoted food production,
and medicine
• Manipulates genetic information in organism; Genetic engineering
Biotechnology Development Stages

• Genetic Engineering
• Protein Engineering
• Bioinformatics
• Immunology
• Plant biotechnology
• Animal biotechnology
Biotechnology Areas
• Cancer biology
• Environmental Biotechnology
• Marine Biotechnology
• Nano biotechnology
• Pharmacology

Biotechnology Areas

Application of
Biotechnology

1) Genetic engineering: or genetic modification, is the direct
manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology.
Famous biotechnological fields
2) Tissue culture: A method of biological research in which fragments of
tissue from an animal or plant are transferred to an artificial environment in
which they can continue to survive and function.
3) Cloning: Cloning describes the processes used to create an exact genetic
replica of another cell, tissue or organism. [A Scottish sheep named Dolly]

Bioscience Technology Fields
GMO: Genetic Modification Methods

Animal
cloning
Gene cloning for
pharmaceutical production
Genetically modified
foods and the
American-European
opinion divide.
DNA
fingerprinting
The promise and perhaps
perils of embryonic stem cells
Examples

Biotechnology
& plants
Yeast responsible for bread & curd formation
Product of biotechnology, The DOLLY sheep
Examples

A wide
range of
fermented
food and
drink

7/17/2022
• Biotechnology plays a very
important role in human welfare,
their health needs and has
revolutionized mankind since its
existence.
• Biotechnology Innovations are
Improving Human Lives
Biotechnology role in human
welfare

• The modern biotech inventions ensue at
the microscopic level within the
membranes of cells.
• In today’s biotechnology ecosystem
modify DNA and proteins to shape the
capabilities of living cells, plants, and
animals into something useful for
humans.
Biotechnology role in human welfare

• Substitute petroleum-based ingredients with biomaterials
in many consumer goods, such as plastics, cosmetics,
and fuels.
• Biotech crops improve yields, cut costs and minimize
pesticide applications
• improves farmers’ bottom lines, but also saves time,
improving farmers’ quality of life.
• Biotech innovations are controlled to contribute to
mitigating the ever-increasing risk of growing CO2 levels

• The application of biotechnology in agriculture field helps in
improving food quality, quantity, and processing.
• For example, through the production of vaccines for diseases that
have not been treated before, increased food production, prevention
of many genetic diseases and malformations.

• Drugs and therapeutics, nutritional compounds, environmentally
friendly chemicals and materials, biofuels, and novel functional
materials can be produced through biotechnology.
• Medical biotechnology, agricultural biotechnology and
industrial biotechnology will all play increasingly important roles in
our everyday life.
Daily life Biotechnology importance

Types of Biotechnology
1. Medical Biotechnology
• Using of living cells and other cell materials to better the health of
humans.
• Finding cures as well as getting rid of and preventing diseases.
• Finding different or more efficient ways of maintaining human health,
understanding pathogens, and understanding human cell biology.
• Produce pharmaceutical drugs as well as other chemicals to combat
diseases.

7/17/2022
1. Medical Biotechnology
• Understanding the animal cells
• Study of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) to get to know how to manipulate
the genetic makeup of cells to increase the production of beneficial
characteristics that humans might find useful, such as the production of
insulin.
• Lead to the development of new drugs and treatments, novel to the field.

Examples of Medical Biotechnology
Vaccines
• Vaccines are chemicals that stimulate the body’s immune system to better
fight pathogens when they attack the body.
• The weakened disease pathogens are extracted using biotechnological
techniques like growing the antigenic proteins in genetically engineered
crops.
• This translates to quicker healing and less time being symptomatic.

Examples of Medical Biotechnology
Antibiotics
• Strides have been made in the development of antibiotics that
combat pathogens for humans.
• Many plants are grown and genetically engineered to produce the
antibodies.

2. Agricultural Biotechnology
• Agricultural biotechnology focuses on developing genetically
modified plants to increase crop yields or introduce characteristics to
those plants that provide them with an advantage growing in regions
that place some kind of stress factor on the plant, namely weather,
and pests.

Examples of Agricultural Biotechnology
Pest Resistant Crops
• Biotechnology has provided techniques for the creation of crops that
express anti-pest characteristics naturally, making them very resistant
to pests, as opposed to having to keep dusting them and spraying
them with pesticides.
• An example of this would be the fungus Bacillus thuringiensis genes
being transferred to crops.

Examples of Agricultural Biotechnology
Plant and Animal Breeding
• Selective breeding has been a practice humans have engaged in
since farming began.
• The practice involves choosing the animals with the most desirable
characteristics to breed with each other so that the resulting offspring
would also express these traits.

3. Industrial Biotechnology
• Industrial biotechnology is the application of biotechnology for industrial
purposes that also include industrial fermentation.
• Applying the techniques of modern molecular biology, it improves
efficiency and reduces the multifaceted environmental impacts of
industrial processes including paper and pulp, chemical manufacturing,
and textile.

Examples of Industrial Biotechnology
Biocatalysts
• Biocatalysts have been developed by the industrial biotechnology
companies such as enzymes, to synthesize chemicals.
• Enzymes are proteins produced by all organisms.
• The desired enzyme can be manufactured in commercial quantities
using biotechnology.

Fermentation
• The crop’s sugar can be fermented to acid, which can then be used as
an intermediate to produce other chemical feedstocks for various
products. Some plants, such as corn, can be used in place of petroleum
to produce chemicals.

Microorganisms
• Microorganisms find their use in chemical production for the design and
manufacture of new plastics/textiles and the development of new
sustainable energy sources such as biofuels.

4. Environmental Biotechnology
• The technology used in waste treatment and pollution prevention that
can more efficiently clean up many wastes compared to conventional
methods and significantly reduce our dependence on methods for land-
based disposal.
• Environmental engineers have discovered a clean and safe way to
dispose of waste.

4. Environmental Biotechnology
• They do this by introducing nutrients to stimulate the activity of bacteria in
the soil at the waste site.
• The bacteria digest the waste, thereby turning it into harmless byproducts.
• After consuming the waste, the bacteria either die or return to their normal
population levels.
• There are situations where the byproducts of the bacteria are useful and
can be used for other valuable purposes.

Examples of Environmental Biotechnology
Bioremediation
• Application of biotechnical methods which help in developing enzyme
bioreactors that will not only pretreat some industrial and food waste
components but also allow their efficient removal via sewage system
without using solids waste disposal mechanisms.

Color Classification
of Branches of
Biotechnology

Gold biotechnology or Bioinformatics referred to as computational
biology and can be defined as “conceptualizing biology” to address
biological problems using computational techniques and makes the
rapid organization as well as analysis of biological data possible.

Red Biotechnology (Biopharma) relates to medicine and veterinary
products. It can help developing new drugs, regenerative therapies,
produce vaccines and antibiotics, molecular diagnostics techniques,
and genetic engineering techniques to cure diseases applying genetic
manipulation.

White Biotechnology:
• Draw inspiration from industrial biotech to design more energy-efficient,
less polluting, and low resource-consuming processes and products that
can beat traditional ones.
Yellow Biotechnology:
• Relate to the use of biotechnology in food production, for example, in
making wine, cheese, and beer by fermentation.

Grey Biotechnology :
• Refer to environmental applications to maintain biodiversity and the
removal of pollutants or contaminants using microorganisms and plants
to isolate and dispose of many kinds of substances such as heavy metals
and hydrocarbons.

Green Biotechnology:
• Emphasizes on agriculture that involves creating new plant varieties of
agricultural interest, biopesticides, and biofertilizers.
• Exclusively based on transgenics (genetic modification), i.e., an extra gene or
genes inserted into their DNA.
• The additional gene may come from the same species or a different species.

Blue Biotechnology is based on the use of marine resources to create products
and applications in the potentially huge range of sectors to benefit from the use of
this kind of biotechnology.
Violet Biotechnology deals with the law, ethical and philosophical issues around
biotechnology.
Dark Biotechnology is associated with bioterrorism or biological weapons and
biowarfare using microorganisms, and toxins to cause diseases and death in
humans, domestic animals, and crops.

Applications of
Biotechnology

7/17/2022
1. Nutrient Supplementation
• One of the most important uses of biotechnology is the infusion of nutrients
into food in situations such as aid.
• Therefore, it provides food with heavy nutrients that are necessary for such
circumstances.
• An example of this application is the production Golden Rice where the rice is
infused with beta-carotene.
• The rice has Vitamin A, which the body can quickly synthesize.

2. Abiotic Stress Resistance
• There is a need to develop crops that can handle these abiotic stresses such
as salinity, drought, and frost from cold.
• Where the climate can be unforgiving, the practice has played a significant
role in the development of crops that can withstand the prevailing harsh
climates. [In Africa and the Middle East].

3. Industrial Biotechnology
• Industrial biotechnology is the application of biotechnology that ranges from
the production of cellular structures to the production of biological elements
for numerous uses.
• Examples include the creation of new materials in the construction industry,
and the manufacture of beer and wine, washing detergents, and personal
care products.

4. Strength Fibres
• The strongest tensile strength is spider webs.
• Spider webs can take more tensional force before breaking than even steel.
• The possible production of materials made from silk, including body armor such
as bulletproof jackets.
• Silk is used because it is stronger than Kevlar (the material most commonly used
to make body armor).

4. Strength Fibres
• Biotechnological techniques pick the genes found in spiders and their infusion in
goats to produce the silk proteins in their milk.
• It makes production quite easier as goats are much easier to handle compared
to spiders, and the creation of silk via milk also helps make the processing and
handling much convenient compared to handling the actual silk strands.

5. Biofuels
▪ Biotechnology is allowing to find alternative environmentally friendly fuel
sources using corn to produce combustible fuel for running car engines.
▪ Good for the environment, do not produce greenhouse gases.
▪ Obtained by fermenting sugars extracted from plants to ethanol, using a similar
process like the one used in beer and wine-making.
▪ Biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel are blended with petrol and biodiesel to
meet the legislation on greenhouse gas emissions.
▪ Blended biofuels in road transportation, can reduce their carbon impact

6. Healthcare
▪ Biotechnology is applied in the healthcare sector in the development of
pharmaceuticals that have proven problematic to produce through other
conventional means because of purity concerns.

7. Food Processing
• The method of fermentation using the microbial organisms and their
derivatives is applied by which raw materials that are non-palatable and
easily perishable are converted to edible and potable foods and beverages,
which have a longer shelf life.

Cheese Production
• For over 20 years, the cheese we eat is created with a biotech enzyme,
chymosin — the natural enzyme found in calves and used to curdle milk
during cheese production.
• Using biotechnology to produce the enzyme makes it abundant and purer
while removing the need to use animals to make cheese.
• Approximately 60% of all hard cheese products are now made with a biotech
enzyme.

Alcoholic Drinks [alcohol production]
• Made from water, barley, brewer’s yeast, and flavouring.
• During production, the starch contained in the barley is converted to sugar by
enzymes then fermented.
• The brewer’s yeast metabolises the sugars to produce alcohol and carbon
dioxide.
• The enzymes and microbes are standard tools used in industrial biotechnology.

8. Fuel from Waste
• Applying bioremediation waste can be converted to biofuel to run generators.
• Microbes can be induced to produce enzymes required to turn plant and
vegetable materials into building blocks for biodegradable plastics.
• Methane can be derived from a type of bacteria that degrades sulfur liquor,
which is a waste product of the paper manufacturing industry.
• The resultant methane can be utilized in other industrial processes or as fuel.

9. Commodity Chemicals and Specialty Chemicals
▪ Traditional chemical synthesis uses often-undesirable products, such as HCl,
and involves large amounts of energy.
▪ The production of the same chemicals can be done more economically and
made more environmentally friendly using biocatalysts. E.g., Polymer-grade
acrylamide.

10. Hi-Tech Finishing Fabrics
• Biotechnology is used in the textile industry for the finishing of fabrics
and garments.
• It produces biotech-derived cotton, which is warmer, stronger,
wrinkle & shrink-resistant and has improved dye uptake and retention,
enhanced absorbency.

11. Detergent Proteases
• These are essential components of modern detergents that remove
protein impurities and are used for breaking down starch, protein,
and fatty acids present on items being washed.
• The production of protease results in biomass that, in turn, yields a
useful byproduct, an organic fertilizer.

12. Forensic science – DNA fingerprinting
• Every living organism has chromosomes which are made up of DNA sequence.
• The DNA sequence is unique for every individual.
• Identifying the pattern of DNA sequences is done in forensic DNA analysis using
biotechnological tools.
• DNA fingerprinting is a useful tool in identifying a suspect in a criminal
investigation, in paternity cases or identifying unrecognizable victims in a
catastrophe.

Biodefense and Public Safety
• Military weapons have gone biological. Therefore, military units and disaster
responders are now faced with threats from biological and chemical substances.
• Biotechnology-produced enzymes can break down toxic chemicals, including
nerve-damaging gases like Sarin and Somain.
• Those dangerous gases are broken down in an effective, convenient, and
environmentally-friendly way.
• The enzymes are simply mixed with water and sprayed at the site of the attack.

13. Wound Dressings
• It is also applied to the use of wound dressings coated with Chitosan,
which is a sugar that is typically obtained from shrimp and crab shells.

Tangible benefits, but with possible AD on the environment, health and ethics.
• It reduces CO2 emissions by 52 %, optimises the use of water and reduces waste
and chemical processes thanks to techniques such as recombinant DNA.
• It improves medical diagnosis, reduces infection rates, minimises the side effects
of medications and favours progress in developing countries.
▪ It favours healthy and sustainable agriculture — it provides more nutritious,
toxin and allergen-free food — — it limits the use of pesticides and chemicals —.
Advantages And Disadvantages Of
Biotechnology

Its main risks include:
• The proliferation of laboratory foods could end crop diversity. It may also affect
the balance of ecosystems.
• The risks include unforeseen allergies, poisoning of living organisms and modified
bacteria escaping from a laboratory.
• Cloning, the modification of the human genome and assisted reproduction are
matters of ethical debate and social controversy.
Advantages And Disadvantages Of
Biotechnology

7/17/2022
Dr. Hassan Mostafa, Reyadapro Experts CEO, MENA Pharma & Quality Trainer, Consultant &
Expert
90
• Industry 4.0 is revolutionizing the way companies
manufacture, improve and distribute their products.
• Manufacturers are integrating new technologies,
including Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing and
analytics, and AI and machine learning into their
production facilities and throughout their operations.
Example of transformation industry
Industry 4.0

7/17/2022
Expert
91
Industry
4.0

7/17/2022
Expert
92

7/17/2022
Dr. Hassan Mostafa, Reyadapro Experts CEO, MENA Pharma & Quality Trainer, Consultant
& Expert
93
Summary of
• Biotechnology is used in everyday life
• From creating revolutionary products and technologies that fight against
debilitating and rare diseases
• To reducing carbon emissions, promoting effective industrial manufacturing
processes, creating pest-resistant crops, and in challenging areas such as
forensic sciences and biodefence.

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Biotechnology Session conference .pdf

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