The document discusses the origins and musical characteristics of several electronic dance music genres, including house, techno, trance, acid house, 2-step garage, and new beat. It provides information on the origins of each genre such as house originating in Chicago in the 1980s and techno originating in Detroit in the same period. It also describes typical musical elements of each genre like common tempos, drum patterns, and instruments used.

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2. House
House originated in the American city of Chicago, Illinois in the early 1980s.
It was initially popularized in mid-1980s , generally ranging between 118 and 135 bpm
The common element of house is a prominent kick drum on every beat
The kick drum sound is augmented by various kick fills and extended dropouts.
The drum track is filled out with hi-hat cymbal-patterns that nearly
always include a hi-hat on quaver off-beats between each kick,
and a snare drum or clap sound on beats two and four of every bar.
Producers use many different sound-sources for bass sounds in house,
from continuous, repeating electronically generated lines sequenced on
a synthesizer, such as a Korg M1 , Roland SH-101 or TB-303.
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3. Techno
Techno originated in the American city of Detroit, Michigan,
during the mid to late 1980.
The tempo tends to vary between approximately 120 bpm
(quarter note equals 120 pulses per minute) and 150 bpm,
depending on the style of techno.
The main drum part is almost universally in common time (4/4);
meaning 4 quarter note pulses per bar.
In its simplest form, time is marked with kicks (bass drum beats)
on each quarter note pulse, a snare or clap on the second
and fourth pulse of the bar, with an open hi-hat sound
every second eight note.
Instruments used by the original techno producers based in Detroit,
include classic drum machines like the Roland TR-808 and TR-909,
devices such as the Roland TB-303 bass line generator,
and synthesizers such as the Roland SH-101, Kawai KC10, Yamaha DX7
and Yamaha DX100
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4. Trance
Trance that developed in the 1990s in Germany.
It is usually characterized by a tempo of between 125 and 150 bpm.
Trance employs a 4/4 time signature, a tempo of 130 to 165 BPM,
and 32 beat phrases, somewhat faster than
house music but usually not as fast as Psychedelic.
A kick drum is placed on every downbeat and a regular open hi-hat
is often placed on the off-beat.
Some simple extra percussive elements are usually added,
and major transitions, builds or climaxes are often foreshadowed
by lengthy 'snare rolls' - a quick succession of equally spaced snare
drum hits that builds in volume towards the end of a measure or phrase
Popular synthesizers include the Roland TR-303, TR-909 and TR-80,
as well as the JP-8000, Korg MS2000 and Novation Supernova.
Occasionally, vintage synthesizers from brands such as Moog
and Oberheim are also used. Special effects are also used,
including reverb, flanger, and phaser units.
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5. Acid House
Acid house's core electronic squelch sounds were developed around
the mid-1980s, particularly byDJs from Chicago
who experimented with the Roland TB-303 electronic synthesizer-sequencer.
Acid house spread to the UK and continental Europe, where it was played
By Djs in the Acid House and later the rave scenes.
Acid House has a 4/4-Takt, a Bassdrum on each 4th Note ("Four to the Floor")
and the Snare-Beats ( ex. Handclaps )
On each 2nd 4th Note with a tempo of 120 BPM.
Popular synthesizers for Acid house are the Roland TR-303
Acid House took place at venues where drugs like LSD and ecstasy were
regularly used. The word 'Acid' referred to LSD while the word 'House' referred
to the music which first appeared the dance venue called The Warehouse in Chicago.
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6. 2-Step Garage
2-step rose to prominence as a genre on jungle- and garage-based
Pirate radio stations in London as an evolution of
early 2-step shows often airing at "mellow moments in the weekend"
such as Saturday morning or Sunday afternoon.
DJs would mix UK garage productions with those of American house and
US garage producers such as Masters at Work and Todd Edwards
pitching up the imports to around 130bpm to aid beatmatching.
2-Step garage employs a tempo of 130 to 135 BPM,
2-step transforms garage into a kind of slow-motion jungle, a langorous
frenzy of micro-breakbeats, hesitations and hyper-syncopations;
moments when the beat seems to pause, poised, and hold its breath.
In its simplest form, it does this by removing every second and fourth kick from
the 4-to-the-floor pulse, creating a lurching,
falter-funk feel. More adventurous 2-step producers program
irregular kick-drum patterns which
syncopate with the bassline, akin to Timbaland's
double-time or triple/quadruple/quintuple-time kicks
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7. New Beat
New Beat is a music style that refers to an underground 1987 Belgian music style.
that mainly developed out of 'Bodybeat' heralded by the early formation of Front 242
and other such acts as Praga Khan and Lords of Acid.
Before the term New Beat began to fade (during 1990-1991),
it was used one last time to describe many Belgium and German dance
groups like Technotronic, Snap! And Confetti’s.
Legend has it that the Belgian
New Beat genre was invented in the nightclub
Boccacia in Destelbergen near Ghent when DJ Marc Grouls played a 45rpm
EBM record at 33rpm, with the Pitch Control set to +8. The track in question
was Flesh by A Split-Second.
New beat has a slow tempo (100 to 115 BPM),
a deep base and often explicity sexual and drug related lyrics.
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8. Soundmapping
Acid House
Chicago
New Beat
Belgium
Trance
Germany
2-Step
House Techno Garage
Chicago Detroit London
1980 1990 2000 Time
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