The document provides instructions for a travel assignment, outlining the purpose, aims, background, guidelines, and questions. It asks the learner to plan a multi-city tour for a family across 2 countries, providing an itinerary with details on attractions in each location, travel regulations, currency and airport taxes for each country, as well as a day-by-day itinerary with return journey. The learner is to answer various questions about travel planning, local customs and regulations, transportation, attractions and activities, cuisine and shopping in Austria and Denmark.

1. Travel Assignment
C4.A4/9
Learner Name Vaddi Yaswanth
Course Title AHTM
Assessor Name Mr. Mukesh Kumar
I.V. Name Mr. Hema Pavani
Unit No. & Title Unit:5, Air Travel management
Outcome Numbers &
Statements
UNIT5
LO1-Examine the functions of international travel organizations
within the airline industry.
LO2- Demonstrate knowledge of aviation geography and associated
terminology.
LO3- Examine documents and regulations used in air travel.
LO4- Explore the options available when planning an itinerary and
making a booking.
Issue Date 16/9/22 Submission Date 24/9/22

2. Learner’s Declaration
I confirm, the contents of the final assignment submitted, is based on personal research and
analysis.
Learner Name Vaddi Yaswanth Date 24/9/22
Instruction Your assignment will not be accepted if it does not contain the list of source details of the text material
referred to and the details of the people contacted in accomplishing this project and the tasks
attached.
Purpose & Aims ● Explain the functions and responsibilities of travel organisations
● Evaluate the importance of international aviation conventions.
● Demonstrate knowledge of the geography of the aviation industry
● Use appropriate terminology associated with the aviation industry.
● Identify the main documents required by passengers
● Investigate different uses of the Travel Information Manual.
● Explain the planning process for an air travel itinerary
● Using timetables and tariffs produce a detailed itinerary and tickets for a minimum five day
tour.

3. Background
You are working in an Air travel organization like a Travel agency or a Tour Operating company
as a counter staff.
Guidelines: Students to attempt the below questions for getting PASS / MERIT / DISTINCTION
1. Write your responses in the space provided below the questions
2. Review your answers before submitting the Assignment
TIMELINE: You can take up to One week to submit the Assignments
Question. 1. A customer walks-in: he/she wants to go out on a tour with family. Plan the trip according to the passenger’s
necessities:
A) You are required to write about any 2 countries, travelling to two respective cities in each of them. The choice of
Countries/cities should have some history and tourist attractions.
*Note: Minimum 2 and maximum 6 destinations in each city. (PASS)
B) Each country has its own travel set of laws: be explicit in explaining how to reach that country along with the
customs, currency, and the airport tax regulation policy (if required). (PASS)
C) Prepare itinerary for the client. Itinerary prepared for the client should have Day to Day itinerary for the passenger
with a return journey planned from the home country. (PASS)
Answer:

4. Country for touring
1.Austria
2.Denmark
1.Austria
What you will like there?
Adventure
The landscape of Austria is breathtaking. It boasts of crystal-clear lakes, majestic mountains and luscious
forests. It offers an instinctive playground for all the adventure enthusiasts. You can carry out adventure
activities like mountain biking, hiking or forest climbing.
Formula One
Ever since 2011, Red Bull Ring, Spielberg was reinstated. It hosts Formula One racing every summer. So, if you
cannot watch the race you can definitely enjoy a short driving experience on the track.
The Brothers Grimm
Those who love and enjoy Brothers Grimm fairy tales can definitely get immense pleasure by introducing the
new generation to these fanciful fables at the Enchanted Forest of Styria theme park. Meeting the characters
here is an important thing to do.
Apfelstrudel
Apfelstrudel is undoubtedly the most famous dish of Austria. It is basically a dessert which is a traditional
pastry that is a perfect reward after you tire yourself with some alpine hiking. It is usually served as an afternoon
snack with some hot coffee.
Music
The classic music lovers will never find a better destination than the birthplace of Mozart, Salzburg. Folk music
too has been an integral part of Austria’s tradition. Several classic musical events and festivals are organized
here in the months of July and August.

5. Dinosaurs
Kids will love the life sized dinosaur models in the Styrassic Park of Austria. It is located about 65 km from Graz
in Bad Gleichenberg. A lot of family based activities are organized here. You can find over 75 different types of
dinosaurs here.
Winter sports (even in summer)
Dachstein which is a home to the alpine glacier is your go to place when you want to have some fun and thrill
doing snowboarding and summer skiing. Here you can venture on the Skywalk and explore the interiors of the
glacier in the ice palace.
Waterfalls
Only at a distance of 5 km from Camping Bella in Austria is the magnificent Günster Waterfall. This is the
highest waterfall of the Styria region. There are steps and walkways here ever since 1906 which makes this
place accessible. Further astray are the Krimml Waterfalls that lie near the Salzburg. These are highest
waterfalls of the central Europe.
Schnapps
How can you complete your visit to Austria, without trying its local booze? Try out the Gölles Schnapps that is
made using the Styrian fruit juice. For those of you inquisitive beings who wish to know how this is distilled, you
must make a visit to the Gölles Schnapps distillery and vinegar factory.
When is the best time to visit Austria?
Austria has a continental climate and the temperature changes are moderate however at altitudes the climate is
Alpine and the temperature range is harsh. Austria has cold winters and hot sunny summers.
• The best time to visit Austria depends upon your reason for visiting the country. If you wish to enjoy
winter sports like skiing then November to April is recommended.
• If you want to do sightseeing and other outdoor things such as hiking, visiting national parks and sports
then May to September is the best time. The warm and pleasant summer months of Austria makes it an
ideal time to visit Vienna and Salzburg too.

6. How to reach Austria?
• Flight: The only International Airport in Austria is the Schwechat-Flughafen in Vienna which is connected
to almost all the major Airports around the world. Several direct as well as connecting flights such as
British Airways, Finnair, Niki, Lufthansa, Jet Airways, Turkish Airlines, Qatar Airways, Aeroflot, Air India,
Austrian Airlines and much more ply on a regular basis from all the major cities of the world. Some
European flights also land at international Airports in cities including salzburg, Graz, Klagenfurt, and
Innsbruck.
• Rail: Austria has a very efficient rail network that connects it to almost all the major cities in Europe and
most of the neighbouring countries. Austrian Federal Railways and Eurostar offers round the clock trains
that ply to Prague, Bratislava and Zurich mostly from Italy and Germany.
• Road: One can easily drive to Austria from neighbouring countries. Austria has well maintained smooth
motorways and highways that are open for commutation 24 hours a day however it can get expensive.
Do I need a visa for Austria? How does one get a Austria visa?
Yes, you need a tourist visa for Visiting Austria. Austria has embassies in almost all the major cities in India and
grants you a short term visa for a duration of 90 days stay with a validity of 3 months.
One needs to make a prior appointment at any of the visa application centers in Mumbai, Chennai, Goa,
Kolkata, or New Delhi. The applicant needs to carry original and photocopies of a govt ID card, photo ID, ICR
and an authorization letter. Documents required includes bank statement of last 6 months, travel and hotel
itinerary including entry and exit dates from Austria, NOC from employer, and 3 passport size photographs.
Time required for processing visa applications is 15 working days minimum. The total fees for visa is INR 4540
and it is accepted only in cash.
What is the currency of Austria and where can I get my money exchanged?

7. The currency of Austria is Euro. You can exchange your currencies at banks, exchange bureaus and ATMs.
However international ATMs charge a fee for using your debit card and the amount varies from bank to bank. If
you are carrying amount equal to or exceeding Euro 10,000 then you must get a declaration from the custom
department to avoid problems.
What are the things to do in Austria?
Austria is a beautiful country rich with activities that are distinct to the area. The top things to do in Austria
include:
• Swim in beer at Starkenberger beer pools, Tarrentz
• Visit the clock museum filled with 1,000 clocks in Vienna.
• Ride a dragon train into a world of dwarves at Grottenbahn, Linz
• Stroll through useless and silly yet brilliant inventions at the Nonseum, Herrnbaumgarten
• Take a tour through royal intestines and thousands of skeletons at stephansdom crypt, Vienna.
• Dip in a variety of pools at the Aqua Dome amid the scenic Ötztal Alps.
• Spot hundreds of butterflies at the tropical paradise of Schmetterlinghaus- The Imperial Butterfly House.
• Go on a hiking trail in Tragoess and scuba dive at the Green Lake.
• Take a cable car to Eisriesenwelt, the largest ice cave in the world at Salzburg.
• Hop on to the Vienna Grand Ferris wheel and get ethereal views of Vienna.
• Climb world’s largest wooden observation deck pyramidenkogel observation deck, Carinthia.
What is the local food of Austria? Which are the best places to taste this food?

8. The Austrian local cuisine has fantastically embraced ethnic influences in its cuisines which reflects in its
famous dishes and desserts like Wiener Schnitzel, Apfelstrudel, Tafelspitz, Goulash, and Kaiserschmarrn.
Here is a list of some of the best places to taste the famous Austrian Dishes:
Note: It is not possible to write all the famous places to eat in Austria as it is a big country. I can however write
for a particular city like Vienna or salzburg. Also it is not available on the internet.
What is the best public transport to commute around Austria?
The best public transport to commute around Austria are buses, trams and trains. Apart from these it has U-
Bahns (subways) and S-Bahns (local trains). The local transport of Austria is excellent, reliable and safe. Also
the tickets you buy are independent of the mode of transportation you take. So if you buy a ticket from Place A
to Place B you can hop on any of three tram, bus or train to reach your destination. The tickets and passes are
available at ticket machines or with tobacconists and need to be validated before boarding. The buses and
trams also run at wee hours making it easier to commute at night.
Which are the best shopping places in Austria and what are they famous for?
Austria is home to some of the longest shopping streets with a high density of souvenir shops, Amazing streets
cafes and beautiful boutiques.
Here is a list of 10 best shopping places in Austria that are unmissable.
• Graben area, Vienna pumpkin seed oil, pumpkin seeds or smoked bacon
• Swarovski Kristallwelten, Tyrol famous for glass crystals, ceramic and bronze figurines
• Mariahilfer Straße, Vienna famous for Viennese “Gemütlichkeit”, and the subway.
• Landstraße, Linz famous for international flagship stores and souvenir shops.

9. • Maria Theresien-Straße, Innsbruck famous for its breathtaking shopping sceneries and small and large
shops tucked in splendid boulevards.
• Sackstraße, Graz famous for beautiful antiques and modern and innovative arts and culture.
• Getreidegasse: Linzergasse, Salzburg famous for music store, boutique and shoe stores.
• Kaiserstraße, Bregenz famous for designer labels, street cafes and fantastic scenery of the Lake
Constance and Pfänder mountain.
• Hauptstraße, Eisenstadt famous for traditional fashion stores, boutiques, cafes and jewellers.
• Kramergasse and Alter Platz, Klagenfurt famous for royal palaces, Italian architecture, shops and cafes.
Which are the best hiking trails in Austria?
Whether it is a gentle lakeside stroll, alpine walk or breath-taking high-mountain challenge, Austria offers some
of the finest hiking trails for everyone.
• Hohe Tauern National Park hike
• Hike to Stuiben Waterfalls
• Hike to krimml Waterfall
• Schruns winter hike, Montafon valley
• Alpe-Adria-Trail, Carinthia
• Adlerweg hike, Tyrol
• Hiking in Zillertal Alps
• Hiking in Obergurgl Hochgurgl, Tyrol
• Wachau Welterbesteig Heritage trail
• Trail to Pfeishütte mountain
• Innsbruck hiking

10. Which are the best boat cruising places in Austria?
What better way to experience Austrian valleys and cities than on a Boat cruise. Here is a list of some of the
best boat cruising places.
• Wachau valley between Melk & krems
• Vienna to Prague
• Vienna to Budapest
• Vienna to Bratislava
• Vienna Danube
• Rhine Main Danube Channel
• Schlögener Schlinge
Which are some famous lakes in Austria?
Along with amazing scenery and stunning mountain ranges, Austria has several impressive lakes. These 15
Austrian lakes are definitely worth exploring.
• Lake Traunsee, Salzkammergut
• Lake Achensee, Tyrol
• Hallstätter See, Salzkammergut
• Lake Wörthersee, Carinthia
• Lake Constance, on the path of the Rhine River.
• Lake Mondsee, Salzkammergut
• Lake Wolfgang, Salzburg
• Grüner See (Green Lake), Styria
• Lake Fuschl, Salzkammergut
• Lake Plansee, Tyrol

11. • Lake Weissensee, Carinthia
• Lake Ossiach, Carinthia
• Lake Faak, Carinthia
• Lake Heiterwang, Tirol
• Hintersteiner See, Tirol
2.Denmark
What are the best places to visit in Denmark?
1. Skagen: Skagen is located at the northernmost tip of Denmark and is renowned for its surreal beauty
and picture-perfect views. It is the main fishing port of the country that has long sandy beaches and
tons of sailboats.
This charming village is also known to be the meeting point of the North and Baltic seas and is the
most preferred destination for herring fishing. If you're lucky, then you can also come across some
seals while fishing over here.
Location: Northernmost tip of Denmark.
2. Mols Bjerge National Park: Mols Bjerge National Park is known for its rugged landscapes and
deep-dead ice holes. This Danish National Park was created over millions of years by tons of water and
gigantic ice tongues.

12. It is considered to be one of the best places for picnics, bike trips, hikes, or road trips due to its
magnetizing landscape and lush green flora and fauna. It is home to meadows, pastures, marshes, and
woodlands that make it an absolute wonderland of nature.
Location: Grenåvej 12, 8410 Rønde, Denmark.
Timing: Morning and Evening.
3. Rabjerg Mile: Your trip to Denmark won't be complete if you don't visit Rabjerg Mile, which is a
migrating coastal dune that extends towards the east-northeast of Kattegat at an average speed of
about fifteen meters.
You can explore the dune via a bike, or you can even climb up to the top of the dune for an enthralling
experience. From the top, you will have an astounding view of the nearby areas and lush green
scenery.
Location: Råbjerg Mile Vej, 9990 Skagen, Denmark.
4. Gilleleje: This is a famous fishing town located on the North Sea where you can see a pretty mix of
thatched old houses and thatched huts. It is also home to some of the best unpretentious seafood
restaurants where you can savor lip-smacking delicacies.
This idyllic fishing village is known for its narrow winding streets that have many small specialist shops
from where you can buy everything under the sun at budget-friendly prices. It also houses the Gilleleje
Museum which is one of the best places to discover hidden facts about this village.

13. Location: Gribskov Municipality.
5. Tivoli Gardens: This is an enchanting garden and an amusement park located in Copenhagen in
Denmark. It is more than a 175-year-old park and has become a national treasure over the years. You
can enjoy some of the most thrilling rides here, and you can also play fun games in the gaming arcade.
If you're a foodie, then you'll spot here a wide selection of restaurants and cafes to satiate your hunger.
Many musical events and theme-based carnivals are also organized here to keep the visitors fully
entertained.
Location: Vesterbrogade 3, 1630 København V, Denmark.
Timing: 11 am-11 pm.
Entry Fees: Rs 1585.
6. Rosenborg Castle: This is a beautiful Danish castle that is known for its stunning architecture and
majestic grandeur. It is four hundred years old and is adorned with stunning surfaces and crown jewels.
The castle also has a fountain and beautiful gardens where you can witness lush greenery and
blooming flowers. It was built in 1606 by King Christian IV as his summer residence. The rooms are
adorned with stunning artwork, and you can witness here royal art treasures and Royal Regalia.
Location: Øster Voldgade 4A, 1350 København, Denmark.
Timing: 11:00 am - 04:00 pm.
Entry Fees: Rs 938.70.

14. 7. Bornholm: This is a beautiful island in the Baltic Sea that is known for pottery and splendid arts and
crafts items. The island houses some of the most magnificent medieval-era churches and picturesque
windmills. It is also home to beautiful forests, craggy sea cliffs, and verdant beaches and valleys. It was
also the setting for the fast-paced WWII thriller Hornet Flight, which was written by famous author Ken
Follett. Here you'll also witness sun temples and medieval fortresses from the Neolithic age.
Location: East of Denmark.
8. Møns Klint Biosphere: This is one of the dreamiest spots in Denmark that is known for its verdant
foliage and year-round pleasant weather. It is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and the first Dark Sky
Park in Scandinavia.
It is home to magnificent white cliffs that consist of remains of microscopic creatures and shells which
lived over seventy million years ago. The biosphere also houses unique flora and fauna, which can't be
found in any other place in this world.
Location: Mons Klint, Moen, Denmark.
9. Elsinore: Elsinore is also known as Helsingør, and it is located in the northeastern corner of Zealand
island in Denmark. It has fascinating moors and lakes, and it offers nature lovers a splendid network of
hiking trails, walking, and cycling routes, and forested camping spaces. It also houses forested cliffs,
gorges, peaks, and Lakelands which makes it a fantastic picnic spot. You can also witness here the
Gudenåen, which is the largest river in Denmark that meanders through the forest.
Location: Kronborg 13 Sabroesvej 3a, Helsingor.

15. What are the famous things to do in Denmark?
1. Explore the Kronborg Slot: Your tour to Denmark can't be complete if you have not witnessed the
Kronborg Slot, which is one of the most beautiful castles in Europe.
It was the site for Shakespeare's play Hamlet and is an excellent example of Renaissance architecture.
It has grand rooms, tapestries, excellent viewpoints, and ceiling paintings. It also has a ballroom where
the kings and queens danced during the events and weddings.
Location: Kronborg 2 C, Helsingor 3000 Denmark.
Timing: 10 am-5.30pm.
Entry Fees: Rs 1055.
2. Have unlimited fun at Legoland in Billund: This is an excellent pick if you're traveling to Denmark
with kids, and wish to offer them an unusual experience. The kids can play with the Legos on a massive
scale here, and they can even build a tower out of it.
They can also witness here the reconstructions of renowned monuments from Denmark and other parts
of the world. Legoland also has themed areas such as Pirateland, Duplo land, and Castle land where
your kids can have endless fun.
Location: Nordmarksvej 9, 7190 Billund.
Timing: 10 am-5 pm.
Entry Fees: Rs 7135+ taxes.

16. 3. Discover unique species at Botanical Garden: If you're looking for some respite from the
cacophony of city life, then you should visit this botanical garden that is valued for its botanical wealth.
It spans around ten acres and has glasshouses that date back to the 1870s. Some of the species that
reside in this park are around two hundred years old. You can also witness here more than thirteen
thousand plant species that are known to have medicinal benefits.
Location: Øster Farimagsgade 2B, 1353 København K, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Timing: 8:30 am-6 pm.
Entry Fees: Rs 10 per person.
4. Witness the exhibits of Danish modern art at The David Collection: If you're an art lover, then
one of the best things to do in Denmark is to visit The David Collection which displays the personal art
collection of C.L. David, who was a Danish businessman.
You can also witness here the exhibits of Danish modern art, beautiful paintings from the nineteenth
century, and European art from the eighteenth century. The prominent attraction here is the Islamic
section that houses exquisite pieces gathered in India from Spain.
Location: Kronprinsessegade 30, 1306, Denmark.
Timing: 11 am-5 pm.
5. Enjoy enthralling rides at Bakken Amusement Park: Get ready for never-ending fun and adventure
as you visit Bakken Amusement Park which sits hidden in a beech woodland a few kilometers away
from Copenhagen.

17. It has some of the most enthralling rides for both kids as well as adults so that your family can enjoy it
to the core. Your kids can also enjoy exciting games in the play zone area of this amusement park. You
will also witness here restaurants, fast-food shops, and ice cream parlors where you can relish lip-
smacking delicacies.
Location: Dyrehavevej 62, 2930 Klampenborg, Denmark.
Timing: 11 am-12 pm.
6. Revisit the royal era at Rosenborg Castle: If you wish to discover how Danish kings and Queens
lived in the olden era, then you must visit Rosenborg Castle that is an epitome of beauty and grandeur.
The interiors of the lavish castle feature historic tapestries that chart the conflicts between Sweden and
Denmark.
You can also witness the King's chamber and take a look at his grand bathroom which is adorned with
all the facilities. The tower chambers of the castle exhibit collections of seventeenth-century Flora
Danica dinnerware and Venetian glass.
Location: Oster Voldgade 4A, Copenhagen 1350 Denmark.
Timing: 10 am-5 pm.
Entry Fees: Rs 1407.
7. Explore the submarine world at Maritime Museum: Get ready to have a fascinating tour of the
maritime history of Denmark at the Maritime Museum which is an underground museum that was
designed by Bjarke Ingels.

18. It houses award-winning exhibitions that help you discover life under the sea. You can also dress up as
Vikings and get on board a ship to have a glimpse of the sailors' life. The museum also houses a café
where you can savor delicious food.
Location: NY Kronborgvej 1 DK-3000 Elsinore.
Timing: 10 am-7 pm.
8. Climb the Råbjerg Mile: If you're in Denmark, then you should not miss the opportunity to climb the
Råbjerg Mile which is a migrating coastal dune located between Frederikshavn and Skagen.
The dune moves at the rate of around eighteen meters per year, and as it moves, you can still see the
path that it carves in the surrounding landscapes. As you climb onto the top of this dune, you're
guaranteed some of the most amazing views of the surrounding landscapes.
Location: Rabjerg Mile, Skagen.
9. Explore the rugged landscapes of Thy National Park: Get up close and personal with flora and
fauna at Thy National Park which spans around twelve kilometers along the western coastline of
Jutland.
This national park is home to pine forests and scenic dunes where you can enjoy biking and hiking. It is
also a splendid destination for birdwatchers as it is home to around thirty species of colorful birds.
Location: Kirkevej 9, Hurup, 7760, Jutland, Denmark.
Timing: 10 am-5 pm.

19. What is Denmark famous for?
1. Copenhagen: Copenhagen is the capital of Denmark and is dotted with many Michelin Star
restaurants and eclectic nightclubs. It is also home to iconic buildings, lush green gardens, and world-
famous art galleries.
2. Lego: The birthplace of LEGO is considered to be Billund, which is a quaint Danish town. You can
also find Legoland resorts here where you can have access to rides, games, and worldwide landmarks
made of LEGO.
3. Castles: Denmark is renowned for its beautiful castles where you can learn more about the past and
present of the Royal families. Kronborg Castle and Frederiksborg Castle are the most popular castles in
Denmark.
4. Faroe Islands: The Faroe Islands is a group of eighteen volcanic islands that are home to charming
harbor villages and some of the most stunning beaches.
How to reach Denmark?
- By Air: Denmark has two major airports, along with many other minor airports from where regular
flights operate to all the important destinations. Copenhagen Airport is the main airport in Denmark,

20. and it is well connected to all the European and Scandinavian countries. Billund Airport is considered
to be the second-largest airport in the country. Norwegian, Easyjet, Ryanair, and Transavia are the
major carriers.
What is the best time to visit Denmark?
July and August are considered to be the best time to visit Denmark as the temperature remains mild
and pleasant, and the countryside can be seen in full bloom. It is the best time for sightseeing as well
as enjoying many outdoor activities.
Can you see the northern lights in Denmark?
Yes, you see the northern lights in Denmark during the clear sky and long hours of darkness. Kjell
Strand, Green, and the Faroe Islands archipelago are some of the best places to see the northern lights
in Denmark as they are remote areas having less light pollution.
What is the famous food to try in Denmark?
- Smørrebrød
- Rugbrød or rye bread
- Hotdogs
- Flodeboller
- Æbleflæsk
- Stegt Flæsk

21. - Danish Pastry or Wienerbrød
- Rullepolse
- Risalamande.
What are the best castles to visit in Denmark?
1. Egeskov Castle: It is one of the most beautiful castles in Europe with breathtaking architecture and
stunning interiors. It has two thousand window panes, a banquet hall, and a hunting room.
2. Koldinghus Castle: This magnificent castle is known to be the storehouse of the pieces of jewelry
from the thirteenth century until the modern era.
3. Rosenborg Castle: This four hundred years old castle is located in a park in Central Copenhagen
and is considered to be the ideal place for a picnic. The main attraction of the castle is the three life-
size silver lions.
4. Frederiksborg Castle: This spectacular castle has been decorated with paintings, portraits,
furniture, and other decorative art pieces. It also houses English Landscape Park and Baroque gardens
that are dotted with lush green trees.
5. Christiansborg Palace: This castle is located on the island of the Slotsholmen, and you can witness
here a beautiful Danish parliament. This was the site where the queens used to sign laws and hold
receptions and banquets.
6. Kronborg Castle: Revisit the royal era by entering this castle that has two thousand grand rooms,
gardens, and lush green parks.

22. What are the famous islands to visit in Denmark?
1. Bornholm Island: This is a Danish island located in the Baltic Sea, and it is considered to be a
foodies destination as it houses some beach shacks and restaurants. The dramatic rock formations and
the stunning shoreline are the major draws over here.
2. The Faroe Islands: This is a group of volcanic islands that is known for its cascading waterfalls,
stunning sceneries, and remote lighthouses. You can dine at the Michelin Starred restaurant, walk
under an archway, and sleep in a grass-roofed home.
3. Fyn: Fyn is considered to be Denmark's third-largest island which is home to historic castles,
romantic houses, thatched farmhouses, and myriad beaches.
4. Greenland: Greenland is the largest island in the entire world that is home to a wide variety of Arctic
Wildlife and hot springs. It also has the largest glaciers and some of the best hiking trails.
5. Amager Island: This island sits between Sweden and New Zealand and is known for its
unadulterated beauty, stunning waterfalls, charming houses, and quaint villages.
6. Fanø: This is a Danish Island renowned for its long sandy beaches and stout houses. It is considered
to be ideal for trying out activities like hiking and cycling.

23. What are the famous museums in Denmark?
1. The National Museum of Denmark: If you wish to get an insight into Danish society from the Middle
Ages to the Renaissance era, then this museum should be your ideal spot. It displays both temporary
exhibitions as well as permanent collections.
2. Thorvaldsens Museum: This is the only museum in the world that displays the fascinating work of
the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen. The building itself is an architectural masterpiece as it is
inspired by the colors and patterns found in the excavations of the Herculaneum and Pompeii in Italy.
3. Louisiana Museum of Modern Art: This is a breathtaking museum that exhibits the combined work
of accomplished artists Andy Warhol, Robert Rauschenberg, Roy Lichtenstein, and Richard Hamilton.
4. Moesgård Museum: If you wish to know about the evolution of humankind, then you should visit
this museum. It couples interactive entertainment with education to captivate audiences of all ages.
5. Kunsten Museum of Modern Art: This museum houses four thousand art pieces from the twentieth
century and also conducts an array of events, including film screenings, lectures, and concerts.
6. Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek: This museum is the storehouse of antiquities and artworks from the
starting phase of history in Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Etruria, and Egypt in Ny Carlsberg
Glyptotek.
What are the famous buildings to see in Denmark?

24. 1. Copenhagen Opera House: This is one of the most iconic buildings in the country that was built
with a whopping construction cost of over US$ 500 million. It spans 41,000 square meters, and the
main stage of the building has a seating capacity of fourteen hundred people.
2. The Royal Danish Playhouse: This is a stunning theater building that is situated on the harbor front
of central Copenhagen, Denmark. It has three stages- Portscene, Store Scene, and Lille Scene with a
seating capacity of a thousand people.
3. The Tietgen Residence Hall: This is an award-winning dormitory that provides high-quality living for
around four hundred students on limited budgets. The circle-shaped dormitory has five vertical
intersections that divide the building into sections.
4. M/S Maritime Museum of Denmark: This is a maritime museum that exhibits the most progressive
and significant modern shipyards. The museum is known for its stunning architecture and its unique
design that was conceptualized by the Bjarke Ingels Group.
5. House of Music: This is a buzzing cultural center that has practice rooms for the Symphony
Orchestra, a concert hall, and The Royal Academy of Music. The iconic building houses four concert
halls with seating for around nineteen hundred concert-goers.

25. Itinerary
Day 1
Welcome to the city of imperial palaces
• On the first day of the Austria tour package from India, you will be
arriving at the city of Vienna.
• You will be picked up by our agents from the airport and then you
will be transferred to the hotel.
• You can spend some time in your room after checking into the
hotel.
• In the evening hour, you will visit the musical fountain to witness the
cultural show around the Vienna Opera.
• You will get to learn a lot about the arts and musical culture of Vienna.
• There will be an overnight stay at the ibis Wien Hauptbahnhof hotel in Vienna.
Day 2
Exploring Vienna
• On the second day of the Austria tour packages from India, you will be having your breakfast at the hotel
and then you will be proceeding for a local tour.
• You will visit Südtiroler Platz, Ringstrasse boulevard, Vienna State Opera, and Vienna State Opera.
• Later you will be visiting the famous monumental buildings of Vienna like the Museum of Art History and
the Museum of Natural History.

26. • On this day, you will be visiting Schönbrunn Palace on a guided tour
to experience the heritage of the city.
• In the evening hours, you will be strolling through the palace gardens
enjoying a cup of original Viennese Coffee along with a piece of
delicious apple strudel.
• There will be an overnight stay in the same hotel.
Day 3
Vienna to Salzburg
• You will start the day three of the Austria tour package from India by relishing a delicious breakfast at the
hotel and then you can check out from the Hotel am Mirabellpatz hotel
to proceed to Salzburg, which is your next destination.
• Upon your arrival, you can check in to the hotel and then spend time in
relaxation.
• Later, you can head out on a Mozart City Tour and then enter the
enormous Mozart World to witness the art and music themes of
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
• To continue your city tour, you will be visiting some of the notable local
attractions like Mirabell Palace, Marionette Theatre, Mozarteum
(University of Music), Trinity Church, Mozart’s Residence, Hellbrunn
Palace (short stop), Nonnberg Abbey, Palace of Frohnburg, and
Sigmund's Gate etc.
• There will be an overnight stay at the place.
Day 4
Explore the Austrian Nature

27. • Wake up to a delectable breakfast at the hotel and then head out for a
full day tour of the city.
• You will be taking a musical and history tour of Salzburg.
• On this day, you will be able to explore the beautiful landscape as well
as major tourist attractions.
• You will get to wander in the footsteps of Maria Von Trapp.
• You will be taking a trip of the underworld caverns of the famous Salt
Mines.
• On this day, you will be able to capture a number of Austrian
architectural marvels and natural attractions.
• At the end of the day, you will be heading back to the hotel for a
delicious dinner and a restful sleep.
Day 5
Departure
• The time has come to take your next county after spending some magical moments in Austria.
• You will be provided with a delicious breakfast at the hotel post which you can get ready for the return
journey.
• You would need to complete the check out formalities and then you will be dropped at the International
Airport so that you can catch your bound flight.

28. Day 6
Arrival at Copenhagen
• Denmark tour packages from Austria commence with your arrival at
the Copenhagen International Airport after departing from Austria
Airport.
• On arrival, you will be picked up and transferred to your designated
hotel.
• After checking in, you can take a short rest and join the orientation
“Walking Tour”, where you can explore the beauty of the city on
foot. It is the best way to know the locals and blend with the rich
culture of the city and try some local cuisine.
• On the first day of your vacation, you will get to spend the night in
Copenhagen.

29. Day 7
Copenhagen Sightseeing
• The second day of your Denmark holiday package from India starts
with a sumptuous breakfast followed by a visit to the Tivoli Gardens.
The Tivoli Gardens feature puppet theatres, a Moorish-style concert
hall, roundabouts, a rollercoaster and numerous cafes, bars and food
pavilions.
• Next, you will visit Nyhavn, a picturesque neighbourhood that used to
be an ancient dock.
• The next stop on your day tour is the beautiful Christiansborg Palace,
which is presently the office of the Prime Minister, the Senate and the
Supreme Court. The enthralling National Museum of Denmark features a 2000 years old sun
chariot, Danish silver and porcelain items, antique furniture and many more amazing exhibits.
• Your trip for the day ends after touring the famous City Hall Square, after which you can retire to
your hotel.
Day 8
Copenhagen to Odense

30. • On the third day of your Denmark tour packages from India,
you will be able to travel to Odense- the third-largest city in
Denmark. This city is also the birthplace of the master
storyteller Hans Christian Anderson.
• You will be picked up on arrival, and after checking into your
hotel, you can visit the Odense City Hall on the Danish island
of Funen.
• The next stop is the Funky Monkey Park, where you can
enjoy outdoor activities like Aerial Adventure Parks and
Ziplines.
• After the day’s tour, you can spend the night in Odense.
Day 9
Odense Sightseeing

31. • The fourth day of your Denmark tour packages from India includes
visiting local attractions such as Egeskov Castle – the famous moat
castle initially constructed for defensive purposes, which is
presently a model farm with a Classic car Museum and Grand
Banquet Hall.
• Other destinations on the itinerary are the iconic Hans Christian
Andersen Museum, where all the work and mementoes of the
legendary author are preserved.
• The day’s tour ends with a visit to the enchanting Odense Zoo,
after which you get dropped back to your hotel for a good night’s
rest.
Day 10
Departure from Copenhagen
• The fifth day is the last day of your vacation in Denmark.
• After a delicious morning breakfast and a short rest at your hotel, you will be provided with a safe
and comfortable ride to Copenhagen Airport.
• Your Denmark holiday package from India concludes here, with your arrival at the Copenhagen
Airport, where you can take a flight back to the Chennai Airport in India.

32. FROM TO CODE Duration Departur
e
Arrival Date
DEL AUH EY211 3HR
45MIN
04:45 07:00 11/10/22
AUH VIE EY53 6HR
55MIN
03:15 07:20 12/10/22
VIE AMS KL1846 1HR
55MIN
13:55 15:50 18/10/22
AMS CPH KL1133 1HR
15MIN
17:05 18:20 18/10/22
CPH DXB EK152 6HR
20MIN
15:35 23:55 23/10/22
DXB DEL EK510 3HR
40MIN
03:55 09:05 24/10/22

33. Austria require Travel documents
PASSPORT VALIDITY:
Six months validity recommended, at least 3 months validity beyond your planned date of departure
from the Schengen area is required.
BLANK PASSPORT PAGES:
Two pages required for entry stamp
TOURIST VISA REQUIRED:
Not required for stays under 90 days within each 180-day period
VACCINATIONS:
Travelers must be fully vaccinated for COVID-19 to avoid quarantine or testing requirements for entry.
Proof of COVID-19 vaccination, such as CDC card or World Health Organization yellow vaccination
card, must be presented to airline staff prior to boarding. For more information, see the COVID-19
Information Page. For a complete list of recommended vaccinations, please see the CDC country page
on Austria.

34. CURRENCY RESTRICTIONS FOR ENTRY:
10,000 Euros or equivalent
CURRENCY RESTRICTIONS FOR EXIT:
10,000 Euros or equivalent
Denmark require Travel documents
PASSPORT VALIDITY:Recommend at least six months beyond your period of stayBLANK PASSPORT PAGES:One page per
stampTOURIST VISA REQUIRED:Not required for stays under 90 days
VACCINATIONS:
None
CURRENCY RESTRICTIONS FOR ENTRY:
10,000 Euros (or equivalent)
CURRENCY RESTRICTIONS FOR EXIT:
10,000 Euros (or equivalent)

35. Customs for Austria and Denmark
Entry from EU states
Duty-free import of goods
You may import goods for your personal use or consump-
tion, or for that by persons living in your household, in
your luggage without having to pay customs or other
duties in Austria. Exceptions apply, as a rule, to new
vehicles, tobacco products and alcoholic beverages.
The following are EU states:
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Nether-
lands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
For entries from the United Kingdom and the Channel
Islands and the Isle of Man, the general customs
provisions for the entry from non-EU countries apply.
For entries from Northern Ireland, the provisions for
the entry from EU states continue to apply because
Northern Ireland is is treated as an EU Member State
Exceptions from the free movement of goods
When buying a new vehicle, you must pay purchase tax
(a form of turnover tax) and standardised consumption

36. tax (NoVA, ”Normverbrauchsabgabe”). However, you will
receive the vehicle from your seller free of turnover tax.
Tobacco products and alcoholic beverages in your
luggage are exempt from tax only if they are for your
personal use. If you exceed the following limits, you
must furnish evidence that the goods are intended for
your personal use:
• Cigarettes from all other EU states 800 pcs.
• Cigarillos (cigars weighing no more than 3 grams
each): 400 pcs.
• Cigars: 200 pcs.
• Smoking tobacco: 1 kilogram
Products of the category “heated (‚heat-not-burn‘)
tobacco“:
– 800 tobacco sticks
or, in different packaging:
– 250 g of tobacco content
• Spirituous beverages: 10 litres
• Alcoholic beverages other than beer, sparkling wine
or still wine and having an alcohol content not ex-
ceeding 22% v/v. 20 litres
• Wine (of which max. 60 litres sparkling wine):
90 litres
• Beer: 110 litres

37. Entry from non-EU states
Customs declaration of goods
The following goods must be declared:
• Goods not intended for your personal consumption
or
use, nor for that by persons living in your household,
• Goods acquired outside the EU that exceed the
tax-exempt amount for tobacco products, alcoholic
beverages, still wines, beer and medicinal products
or the tax-exempt amount for other goods of € 430
for air travellers or € 300 for all other travellers
(see table on the next page),
• Goods subject to specific import bans and restric-
tions.
If you are carrying goods to be declared, you must, for
customs declaration purposes, use the ”red channel”
(specially marked exit for travellers carrying goods to be
declared). If the customs house does not have separate
channels, please declare the goods of your own accord.

38. In the course of the customs declaration, as a rule all
customs and other import duties (e.g. the turnover tax
payable in Austria) are to be paid. In most cases, the
purchase price will be used to calculate these duties.
Therefore, keep the receipts and invoices of the goods
purchased abroad.
If you are not carrying any goods to be declared, then
use the ”green channel” (specially marked exit for travel-
lers carrying goods not to be declared).
Special regulations apply to transport personnel, local
border traffic with Switzerland/Liechtenstein and
travellers normally resident in Austria who arrive from
Samnauntal.
Import of cash
If upon entering Austria you are carrying cash or
equivalent means of payment to the amount of
€ 10,000 or more, this cash must be declared to
customs. The registration form ”Cash declaration CC2“
can be downloaded at english.bmf.gv.at under Customs
> Travellers > Cash controls, or is available at your
customs office.
Duty-free import of goods –
tax exemption limits

39. From non-EU countries you may import, per calendar
day, the following goods for your personal consump-
tion or use or for that of your family members or as a
present exempt from customs or other duties:
• Alcoholic beverages (for persons aged 17 years
or older)
– 1 litre of alcohol and alcoholic beverages having
an alcohol content exceeding 22% v/v, or unde-
natured ethyl alcohol having an alcohol content of 80% v/v or more
or
– 2 litres of alcohol and alcoholic beverages having an alcohol content not exceeding 22 % v/v
or
– a prorated assortment of such goods
and in addition
– 4 litres of still wines as well as
– 16 litres of beer
• Tobacco products (for persons aged 17 years or
older)
– 200 cigarettes or
– 100 cigarillos or
– 50 cigars or
– 250 grams of smoking tobacco or
– a prorated assortment of such goods
For products of the category „heated (‚heat-not-
burn‘) tobacco“ (tobacco sticks), the value limits
indicated in the section „Other goods“ apply.

40. • Medicines
in amounts consistent with your personal needs
during the trip
Other goods
up to a cumulative value of € 430 for air travellers or
€ 300 for all other travellers.
For travellers younger than 15 years, these two
tax-exempt amounts are generally reduced to € 150.
Within these tax-exempt amounts, the product
category „heated (‚heat-not-burn‘) tobacco“ must not
account for more than 800 tobacco sticks or, in case
of different packaging, 250 grams of tobacco con-
tent. If these indicative quantities are exceeded, you
must furnish evidence that the goods are intended
for your personal use.
Question2
A) . Give an explanation about the international travel organisations (Merit)
● IATA
Answer
INTRODUCTION: -

41. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is an international industry trade group of airlines headquartered in
Montreal, Canada, where the International Civil Aviation Organization is also headquartered.
IATA's mission is to represent, lead, and serve the airline industry. IATA represents some 230 airlines comprising 93% of
scheduled international air traffic. The Director General and Chief Executive Officer is Giovanni Basignani, Currently, IATA is
present in over 150 countries covered through 101 offices around the globe.
The IATA Head Offices are at 800 Place Victoria (Montreal Stock Exchange Tower) in Montreal since 1977 has been located at
Central Station (Montreal) since its founding, and the executive offices are at the Geneva Airport in Switzerland.
HISTORY: -
IATA was formed on 19 April 1945, in Havana, Cuba. It is the successor to the International Air Traffic Association, founded in
The Hague in 1919, the year of the world's first international scheduled services. At its founding, IATA had 57 members from
31 nations, mostly in Europe and North America. Today it has about 230 members from more than 140 nations in every part
of the world.
MISSION :
Traffic Department Provides a forum for traffic coordination discussions. Services as a central source of traffic information for
publishers and members. Lists and verifies services of cargo and travel agents worldwide on behalf of the member airlines
Coordinates training programmes for cargo and travel agents. Arranges centralised billing and reporting of agents' sales.
Provides a forum for airlines to resolve scheduling problems. Helps represent the industry on airmail issues.
Legal Department Provides professional legal advise and interpretations to individual members as required from an airline
perspective Distributes and publishes information on legal or regulatory issues of industry-wide interest and importance
Formulates industry positions vis-à-vis bodies like ICAO, the European Community and individual governments.

42. Technical Department Develops standards to help maximise flight safety, in cooperation with governments, airlines and
manufacturers Advocates airline positions on operational needs-Provides guidance on medical standards for crew, health and
hygiene, sets standards for catering and seeks to facilitate travel for all passengers including the handicapped. Assimilates
safety statistics and conducts security and safety related
4. Government and Industry Affairs Department Lobbies government and international organisations to promote and defend
the interests of scheduled airlines Represents IATA on a regional level and also supports efforts of regional airline organisations
on behalf of their member airlines to maintain good working relations with governments. Runs low cost training programmes
for staff from developing nations airlines and related projects. Provides after sales service to new members.
5. Public Relations Department Represents and defends collective airline interests vis-a-vis the media, consumer groups and
the public at large Serves as a channel for airlines of sizes to benefit from each others' public relations and expertise Helps
market IATA products. Maintains information flow to members.
6. Industry Automotive and Financial Services Department Operates an industry clearing
house handling in excess of USD 25 billion annually Oversees the functioning of interline
agreements designed to offer cargo shipments and passenger convenience. Maintains
standard operation criteria and procedures to speed the flow of passengers, baggage
and cargo and publishes various types of Industry reference material Assembles,
analyses and publishes comparative statistical data for use by airline managements in
their planning.
● UFTAA
Answer
INTRODUCTION:

43. UNITED FEDERATION OF TRAVEL AGENTS ASSOCIATIONS
The United Federation of Travel Agents' Associations (UFTAA) emanates from the Universal Federation of Travel Agents'
Associations created in Rome, Italy, on November 22nd, 1966. UFTAA was originally founded as a result of a merger of two
large world organisations, FIAV and UOTAA, recognising the need to unify travel agencies and tour operators into one
international federation.
In 1989, coming from Brussels, UFTAA set up its General Secretariat in the Principality of Monaco.
UFTAA started its operation as a Confederation on January 1st, 2003. It is a non-profit Confederation of international scope,
representing Regional Federations comprising some 80 national associations.
MISSIONS:
To unite and consolidate the Federations of Travel Agents National Associations and to globally enhance the interests of their
members; To represent the travel agents' activities before various world-wide bodies , government authorities and suppliers.
To work towards the adoption of measures that will ease travel for the consumer and to offer services to its member
federations.
To be an investigation and information centre supporting the member Federations work and to offer information for
technological development.
To offer, as a voluntary mechanism, an arbitration service which assists in solving conflicts resulting from commercial relations
for which amicable settlement cannot be reached.

44. To organise a world congress of travel agents and other meetings necessary to the exchange and transmission of knowledge.
● PATA
Answer
The Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) is a membership association acting as a catalyst
for the responsible development of the Asia Pacific travel and tourism industry. In partnership with PATA's private and public
sector members, we enhance the sustainable growth, value and quality of travel and tourism to and from and within the region.
2. By the early 1950s those who had an interest in the region were facing a tremendous range of opportunities. In 1952,
commercial use of the jet airplane was still several years away and so was the explosion in Pacific travel that would occur in
the 1960s. However, the Pacific Area Travel Conference of 1952 began to lay the essential foundation for the boom years to
follow.
3. At the Second Pacific Area Travel Conference, the young organisation became known as the Pacific Area Travel Association.
In 1986, in Kuala Lumpur, the Board of Directors approved the Association's current name, Pacific Asia Travel Association
(PATA).
ABOUT:
The PATA Foundation is a natural extension of PATA's dedication to the principles of conservation, which are part of the
Association's charter. When the concept of a charitable foundation was first proposed at the 33rd PATA Annual Conference in
1984, there was unanimous member approval.

45. ● ICAO
Answer
NTRODUCTION: -
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a specialised agency of the United
Nations, codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of
international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. Its headquarters are located in the Quarter International of
Montreal. Quebec Canada.
The ICAO should not be confused with the International Air Transport Association (IATA), a trade organisation for airlines also
headquartered in Montreal, or with the Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation (CANSO), an organisation for Air Navigation
Service Providers (ANSP's) with its headquarters at Amsterdam Airport Schiphzl in the Netherlands
FOUNDATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION (ICAO)
The consequence of the studies initiated by the US and subsequent consultations between the Major Allies was that the US
government extended an invitation to 55 States or authorities to attend, in November 1944, an International Civil Aviation
Conference in Chicago. Fifty-four States attended this Conference end of which a Convention on International Civil Aviation
was signed by 52 States set up the permanent International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as a means to secure
international co-operation an highest possible degree of uniformity in regulations and standards, procedures and organisation
regarding civil aviation matters. At the same time the International Services Transit Agreement and the International Air
Trasnod Agreement were signed.
The most important work accomplished by the Chicago Conference was in the technical field because the Conference laid the
foundation for a set of rules and regulations regarding air navigation as a whole which brought safety in flying a great step
forward and paved the way for the application of a common air navigation system throughout the world.

46. This Organization was in operation from August 1945 to April 1947 when the
permanent ICAO came into being. Its seat was in Montreal, Canada and in 1947 the
change from PICAO to ICAO was little more than a formality. However, it also brought
about the end of ICAN because, now that ICAO was firmly established, the ICAN
member States agreed to dissolve ICAN by naming ICAO specifically as its successor Organization.
As a consequence of the above ICAO adopted the concept of Regions and Regional Offices on the understanding that any
regional activities could only be undertaken provided they did not conflict with the world wide activities of the Organization.
However, it was also recognised that such activities could vary from Region to Region taking into account the general economic,
technical or social environment of the Region
● Warsaw Convention
Answer
INTRODUCTION:
The Warsaw Convention is an international convention which regulates liability for international carriage of persons, luggage
or goods performed by aircraft for reward. Originally signed in 1929 in Warsaw (hence the name), it was amended in 1955 at
The Haque and in 1975 in Montreal, United States courts have held that, at least for some purposes, the Warsaw Convention
is a different instrument from the Warsaw ConventionAs Amended by the Hague Protocol.
In particular, the Warsaw Convention
mandates carriers to issue passenger tickets

47. requires carriers to issue baggage checks for checked luggage
creates a limitation period of 2 years within which a claim must be brought (Article
29) and Limits a carrier's ability to at most
250,000 Francs or 16,600 Special Drawing Rights (SDR) for personal injury.
17 SDR per kilogram for checked luggage and cargo, or $20USD per kilogram for non-signatories of the amended Montreal
Protocols. 5.000 Francs or 332 SDR for the hand luggage of a traveller. On June 1, 2009, the exchange rate was 1.00 SDR 1.088
EUR or 1.00 SDR - USD 1.548
The Montreal Convention signed in 1999, replaced the Warsaw Convention system.
● Montreal Convention
Answer
INTRODUCTION: -
The Montreal Convention, formally the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage, is a treaty
adopted by a Diplomatic meeting of ICAO member states in 1999. It amended important provisions of the Warsaw Convention's
regime concerning compensation for the victims of air disasters. The Convention re-establishes urgently needed uniformity
and predictability of rules relating to the international carriage of passengers, baggage and cargo. Whilst maintaining the core
provisions which have successfully served the international air transport community for several decades ( that the Warsaw
regime), the new convention achieves the required modernisation in a number of key areas. It protects passengers by
introducing a two-tier liability system and by facilitating the swift recovery of proven damages without the need for lengthy

48. ● Chicago Convention
Answer
INTRODUCTION: -
The Convention on International Civil Aviation, also known as the Chicago Convention, established
the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a specialized agency of the United Nations
charged with coordinating and regulating international air travel. The Convention establishes rules
of airspace, aircraft registration and safety, and details the rights of the signatories in relation to air
travel. The Convention also exempts air fuels from tax.
The document was signed on December 7, 1944 in Chicago, Illinois, by 52 signatory states. It received the requisite 26th
ratification on March 5, 1947 and went into effect on April 4, 1947, the same date that ICAO came into being. In October of
the same year, ICAO became a specialised agency of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). The
Convention has since been revised eight times (in 1959, 1963, 1969, 1975, 1980, 1997, 2000 and 2006). Links to all versions
of the document can be found in the external links section. The original signed document resides in the National Archives of
the United States.
Connects passengers from Europe and Asia to other countries in the Americas via US ports. Unlike the Kangaroo Route,
however, these flights are not direct. For argument's sake, AA 168 from Tokyo-Narita to JFK ends in JFK. However, AA 290
from JFK to EZE is a different flight number. The point being, on Kangaroo flights one can catch, say, BA 167 from SYD to BKK
to LHR on the same flight number. British Airways commonly tickets passengers from America to Asia via London, Iceland air
sells tickets between Europe and North America via Iceland, Finnair sells tickets from North America to Asia via Helsinki.

49. B) The client is probing to find how knowledgeable you are in the Travel Industry, to see if you are qualified enough to prepare this
package for him. So he has put forward a new question for
you . Please write your response/s below. (Merit)
● “Can you please explain ‘the freedoms of the air’ with regard to my package?” Which freedoms are applicable to my route,
using the route and airlines that you have chosen for my tour package?
*Note – Please explain the different freedoms of the air and then present the applicable
freedoms which are achieved in the package
Answer-
FREEDOMS OF THE AIR
The freedoms of the air are a set of commercial aviation rights granting a country's airline(s) the privilege to enter and land in
another country's airspace. Formulated as a result of disagreements over the extent of aviation liberalisation in the
Convention on International Civil Aviation of 1944, (known as the Chicago Convention) the United States had called for a
standardised set of separate air rights which may be negotiated between states but most of the other countries involved
were concerned that the size of the US airlines would dominate all world air travel if there were not strict rules.
The convention was successful in drawing up a multilateral agreement in which the first two freedoms, known as the
International Air Services Transit Agreement, or “TwoFreedoms Agreement" were open to all signatories. As of the summer
of 2007, the treaty is accepted by 129 countries.
The following are the rights attached to each of the freedoms off the air.

50. FIRST FREEDOM:
The first freedom is the right to fly over a foreign country without landing. It is also known as the technical freedom .It grants
the privilege to fly over the territory of a treaty country without landing. Member states of the International Air Services
Transit Agreement grant this freedom (as well as the second freedom) to other member states, subject to the transiting
aircraft using designated air routes.
As of the summer of 2007, 129 countries were parties to this treaty .Including such large ones as the United States of
America, India, and Australia. However, Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, and China never joined, and Canada left the treaty in 1988.
These large and strategically located non-IASTA-member states prefer to maintain tighter control over foreign airlines'
overflight of their airspace, and negotiate transit agreements with other countries on a case-by-case basis.
Since the end of the Cold War, first freedom rights are almost completely
universal, although most countries require prior notification before an
overflight, and charge substantial fees for the privilege.
SECOND FREEDOM:
The second freedom allows technical stops without the enplaning or
deplaning of passengers or cargo. It is the right to stop in one country solely for refuelling or other maintenance on the way
to another country.
The most famous example of the second freedom is Shannon Airport. Which was used as a stopping point for most North
Atlantic flights until the 1960s ,Anchorage was similarly used for flights between Western Europe and East Asia, bypassing
Soviet airspace, until the 1980s, Anchorage is still used by some mainland Chinese and Taiwanese airlines for flights to the US

51. and Toronto from mainland China and Taiwan. Also, flights between
Europe and South Africa often stopped at Ilha do Sal (Sal Island), off the
coast of Senegal, due to many African nations refusing to allow South
African flights to overfly their territory during the Apartheid regime.
Gander, Newfoundland was also a frequent stopping point for airlines
from the USSR and East Germany on the way to the Caribbean, Central
America, Mexico and South America.
Because of longer range of modern airliners, second freedom rights are
comparatively rarely exercised by passenger carriers today, but they are
widely used by air cargo carriers, and are more or less universal between countries
THIRD FREEDOM :
The third freedom is the right to carry passengers or cargo from one's own
country to another.
The third freedom was the first commercial freedom.
FOURTH FREEDOM:
The right to carry passengers or cargo from another country to one's own is
the fourth freedom.

52. Third and fourth freedom rights are almost always granted simultaneously in bilateral agreements between countries.
FIFTH FREEDOM:
The fifth freedom allows an airline to carry revenue traffic between foreign
countries as a part of services connecting the airline's own country. It is the
right to carry passengers from one's own country to a second country, and
from that country to a third country (and so on). The "unofficial 'seventh
freedom’ ” is a variation of the fifth freedom and allows international
services wholly outside of an airline's origin. An example of a fifth freedom
flight is a 2004 Emirates Airlines flight originating in Dubai, then going on to
Brisbane, Australia, and then from Brisbane to Auckland, New Zealand, where tickets can be sold on any or all sectors, and in
the reverse direction if flights are offered. It is also called a connecting flight.
SIXTH FREEDOM :
The unofficial sixth freedom combines the third freedom and fourth freedoms and is the right to carry passengers or cargo
from a second country to a third country by stopping in one's own country.

53. Cathay Pacific Airways , Thai Airways, Malaysia Airlines, Singapore Airlines and other airlines in Asia use sixth-freedom rights
extensively to fly passengers between Europe and Australasia (also known as the Kangaroo Route). Likewise, American
Airlines
Question 3. Why do you think your package is of good quality? Can you please elaborate?
Can you compare your package with a similar package of any other tour operator and tell the client of the advantages of your
package. (Distinction)
Note - Give the highlights, advantages of the packages including the relevant measures taken while making the package and how all
those measures has helped package and passenger directly or indirectly ie; by saving time, money, making the tour more interesting
,etc.
Answer
REASON TO CHOOSE OUR PACKAGE

54. THIS PACKAGE IS GOOD BECAUSE IT PROVIDE FACILITY TO PASSENGER & IF YOU CHOOSE THIS PACKAGE THEN HOTEL GIVE
DISCOUNT & ONE NIGHT STAY FREE IN 5 STAR HOTEL
Convenience An all-inclusive tour package offers the ultimate in convenience. Rather than having to book everything yourself,
including hotel, airfare. Transportation , excursions and other amenities, an all-inclusive tour package includes everything at one set
price.
Cost. The price of an all-inclusive tour package is often much lower than if you were to handle all of the arrangements yourself. How
is this possible? Because the provider(s) of an all-inclusive tour package bring a lot of business to a specific area and/or businesses,
which means they are able to get a discount on certain amenities and they can pass this savings on to you.
If you want to see the best attractions while on tour, an all-inclusive tour package is designed to give you a look at the best an area
has to offer. The most popular local attractions and tourist destinations are sure to be included in most offers Something for
everyone.
An all-inclusive tour package is designed to have something for everyone, especially if you choose a package that relates specifically
to your family and their personalities. If you have children, it's important to select a package that also offers fun activities for the
little ones.
Austria & Denmark is becoming more and more popular as a tourist destination, it really was a place for the adventurous at heart.
Full break-fast daily plus 3 dinners.
If you are interested in purchasing an all-inclusive tour package, consult with a professional travel agent or a hotel located in the
area that you will be visiting.