Root words can form word families by adding suffixes like -al, -ize, and -ly for nouns, adjectives, and verbs. Suffixes added to root words often indicate a word's part of speech and meaning, such as -ness for nouns, -able for adjectives, and -ly for adverbs. Mastering suffixes can help one understand how words are related and derive meaning.

1. WORD FAMILIES
Root word: nation
Endings: -al -ize -ly -ity
Words: national nationalize nationally nationality
 Noun endings: -ance, -ancy, -ence, -ation,-dom,-ism,-ment,-ness,-ship,-hood,-
cy,-list,-sion,-ice
e.g.
importance, accountancy, independence, nation, freedom, tourism, governme
nt, carefulness, friendship, childhood, realist, decision, practice , reality
 Adjective endings: -able,-ible,-al,-ful,-ish,-ive,-less,-ic,-
-ous,-ly,-ial,-ng,-ar
e.g.
comfortable, terrible, organizational, thoughtful, childish, simplistic, attractive, fr
iendly, thoughtless, public, famous, industrial, interesting, particular
 Adverb endings: -ly,-ward,-wise
Really, forward, clockwise
 Verb endings:-en,-ify,-ize
Widen, simplify, organize