The document discusses when and why to use Rust for web development. It notes that Rust provides performance benefits, easy integration of native libraries, and an opportunity to learn a new language. Specific advantages of Rust mentioned include guaranteed memory safety, easy parallelism, and its package manager Cargo. The document provides first steps for installing Rust and the neon CLI and outlines alternatives like foreign function interfaces and using Rust with Gopherjs. It also mentions a demo and caveats to be aware of like performance costs of calling Rust from JavaScript.