As a practitioner of the law for three decades, attorney Donald Harwood has handled many kinds of court cases for his firm of Harwood and Reiff, LLC. Donald Harwood's services as an attorney include complex civil litigation and criminal defense cases, often involving white-collar crime.
Many people do not realize that all fraud victims have the right to sue those who in fact ripped them off. This right even extends to persons who were victims of scams perpetuated by criminals in foreign countries.
What is fraud?
A fraud is defined as a wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain. "He was convicted of fraud" a person or thing intended to deceive others, typically by unjustifiably claiming or being credited with accomplishments or qualities.
What is Fraud Law?
In law, fraud is intentional deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right. Fraud can violate civil law (e.g., a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud or recover monetary compensation) or criminal law (e.g., a fraud perpetrator may be prosecuted and imprisoned by governmental authorities), or it may cause no loss of money, property, or legal right but still be an element of another civil or criminal wrong.
The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits, for example by obtaining a passport, travel document, or driver's license, or mortgage fraud, where the perpetrator may attempt to qualify for a mortgage by way of false statements.
Terminology
Fraud can be defined as either a civil wrong or a criminal act. For civil fraud, a government agency or person or entity harmed by fraud may bring litigation to stop the fraud, seek monetary damages, or both. For criminal fraud, a person may be prosecuted for the fraud and potentially face fines, incarceration, or both.
Civil law
In common law jurisdictions, as a civil wrong, fraud is a tort While the precise definitions and requirements of proof vary among jurisdictions, the requisite elements of fraud as a tort generally are the intentional misrepresentation or concealment of an important fact upon which the victim is meant to rely, and in fact does rely, to the harm of the victim. Proving fraud in a court of law is often said to be difficult as the intention to defraud is the key element in question. As such, proving fraud comes with a "greater evidentiary burden than other civil claims". This difficulty is exacerbated by the fact that some jurisdictions require the victim to prove fraud by clear and convincing evidence.
The remedies for fraud may include rescission (i.e., reversal) of a fraudulently obtained agreement or transaction, the recovery of a monetary award to compensate for the harm caused, punitive damages to punish or deter the misconduct, and possibly others.
In cases of a fraudulently induced contract, fraud may serve as a defense in a civil action for breach of contract or specific performance of contract. Similarly, fraud may serve as a basis for a court to invoke its equitable jurisdiction.
This paper sets out the current legal regime in place to combat corruption and fraud and explains how international arbitration tribunals handle such allegations.
From 1984 until 1997, David Weintraub represented the majority of this country’s largest securities firms. He knows the securities industry and how it operates. In 1997 David Weintraub switched sides, putting his extensive knowledge and experience to work for institutional and individual investors who have suffered investment losses. The firm’s practice focuses on Securities Arbitration and Litigation - See more at: http://www.stockbrokerlitigation.com/#sthash.FSa4rDfT.dpuf
What is investigative reporting How is it relevant to white collar .pdfeyevisioncare1
What is investigative reporting? How is it relevant to white collar crime? Why or Why not is it
helpful in fighting white collar crime?
Solution
Investigative reporting:
Criminal Investigative reporting also branded as criminal profiling is an analytical instrument use
in the law enforcement group of people to assist solve aggressive crimes. The examination is
based on an analysis of proof from the crime view and since witness and fatalities.
Fraudulent and criminal activity include corruption and sleaze, fraud, fake accounting,
possessions and money frauds, bank scam, income tax scam, insider commerce, money launder,
cartel and standard fixing. Further business crime with trade standard and strength and security
and surroundings breach.
Defensive persons alongside whom allegation of scam have been ready, equally corporate entity
and those
Serving the fatalities of scam to locate, protect and recover thrift cash or property
Representing witness in scam cases
Conduct an inside examine for the acquire company in links with a likely scam in the gaining of
a different corporation. The investigation result in the retailer recurring a important section of the
sale proceeds to our customer, the acquirer.
The FBI report in its Uniform Crime information that 14 million arrest for the entire crime in the
US all through 2005, 118000+ be for forgery and counterfeit, 321000+ were for scam, and
18,900+ were for misappropriation. The prevalence of identity robbery has rise considerably in
latest yrs as additional and more dealings of all type are handle slightly using telephone, Internet,
and computers. Individuality thieves take personal data from fatalities, such as their social
protection, credit/debit cards, or further recognition numbers, and then locate up new credit card
accounts or else miss represent themselves as their fatalities to get currency, supplies, or services
burdened..
What is fraud?
A fraud is defined as a wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain. "He was convicted of fraud" a person or thing intended to deceive others, typically by unjustifiably claiming or being credited with accomplishments or qualities.
What is Fraud Law?
In law, fraud is intentional deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right. Fraud can violate civil law (e.g., a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud or recover monetary compensation) or criminal law (e.g., a fraud perpetrator may be prosecuted and imprisoned by governmental authorities), or it may cause no loss of money, property, or legal right but still be an element of another civil or criminal wrong.
The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits, for example by obtaining a passport, travel document, or driver's license, or mortgage fraud, where the perpetrator may attempt to qualify for a mortgage by way of false statements.
Terminology
Fraud can be defined as either a civil wrong or a criminal act. For civil fraud, a government agency or person or entity harmed by fraud may bring litigation to stop the fraud, seek monetary damages, or both. For criminal fraud, a person may be prosecuted for the fraud and potentially face fines, incarceration, or both.
Although white collar crimes are non-violent offenses. They are criminal offenses nonetheless and can be punished just as harshly as other, more well-know crimes; a basic understanding of some of the more common white - collar crimes might prevent you from unknowingly participating in one . Learn more about white collar crimes in California in this presentation.
The Kirlew Law Firm is a Miami based law firm with a strong reputation for success in some of the most challenging and complex cases. Firm Founder and lead attorney Brian Kirlew is an experienced and respected criminal defense attorney. Our Firm is top-rated by leading rating services like Avvo, Martindale-Hubbel, Lawyers.com, Super Lawyers, and Top Rated Lawyers.
Business Ethics and White-Collar Crime Business Ethics There are many (2).docxCharlesCSZWhitei
Business Ethics and White-Collar Crime Business Ethics There are many definitions of business ethics, but the ones given by Andrew Crane and Raymond C . Baumhart are considered the most appropriate ones. According to Crane, "Business ethics is the study of business situations, activities, and decisions where issues of right and wrong are addressed." Baumhart defines, "The ethics of business is the ethics of responsibility. The businessman must promise that he will not harm knowingly." Business ethics inquires into and justifies the decision-making process concerning what is right and wrong in all areas of business practice. The decision-making process occurs on the individual, organizational, and business system levels. This chapter explains how business decisions are made from the moral, legal, and economic points of view. The strengths and weaknesses of each perspective are reviewed before presenting an integrated approach that applies all three points of view in the business decision-making process. White Collar Crime Reportedly coined in 1939, the term white-collar crime is now synonymous with the full range of frauds committed by business and government professionals. These crimes are characterized by deceit, concealment, or violation of trust and are not dependent on the application or threat of physical force or violence. The motivation behind these crimes is financial - to obtain or avoid losing money, property, or services or to secure a personal or business advantage. These are not victimless crimes. A single scam can destroy a company, devastate families by wiping out their life savings, or cost investors billions of dollars (or even all three). Today's fraud schemes are more sophisticated than ever, and the FBI is dedicated to using its skills to track down the culprits and stop scams before they start. The FBI's white-collar crime work integrates the analysis of intelligence with its investigations of criminal activities such as public corruption, money laundering, corporate fraud, securities and commodities fraud, mortgage fraud, financial institution fraud, bank fraud and embezzlement, fraud against the government, election law violations, mass marketing fraud, and health care fraud. The FBI generally focuses on complex investigations - often with a nexus to organized crime activities - that are international, national, or regional in scope and where the FBI can bring to bear unique expertise or capabilities that increase the likelihood of successful investigations. FBI special agents work closely with partner law enforcement and regulatory agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Postal Inspection Service, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and the Treasury Department's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, among others, targeting sophisticated, multi-layered fraud cases that harm the economy. Major Threats \& Programs Corporate Fraud Corporate fraud continues to be.
A New York attorney, Donald Harwood is experienced in entertainment law and real estate law. Donald Harwood cofounded Harwood Reiff, LLC, to handle landlord-tenant disputes.
Attorney Donald Harwood is a partner at Harwood Reiff LLC in New York City. Donald Harwood is a successful civil litigator, and he has also taken on complex criminal defense cases involving both appellate litigation and white collar defense.
Many people do not realize that all fraud victims have the right to sue those who in fact ripped them off. This right even extends to persons who were victims of scams perpetuated by criminals in foreign countries.
What is fraud?
A fraud is defined as a wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain. "He was convicted of fraud" a person or thing intended to deceive others, typically by unjustifiably claiming or being credited with accomplishments or qualities.
What is Fraud Law?
In law, fraud is intentional deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right. Fraud can violate civil law (e.g., a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud or recover monetary compensation) or criminal law (e.g., a fraud perpetrator may be prosecuted and imprisoned by governmental authorities), or it may cause no loss of money, property, or legal right but still be an element of another civil or criminal wrong.
The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits, for example by obtaining a passport, travel document, or driver's license, or mortgage fraud, where the perpetrator may attempt to qualify for a mortgage by way of false statements.
Terminology
Fraud can be defined as either a civil wrong or a criminal act. For civil fraud, a government agency or person or entity harmed by fraud may bring litigation to stop the fraud, seek monetary damages, or both. For criminal fraud, a person may be prosecuted for the fraud and potentially face fines, incarceration, or both.
Civil law
In common law jurisdictions, as a civil wrong, fraud is a tort While the precise definitions and requirements of proof vary among jurisdictions, the requisite elements of fraud as a tort generally are the intentional misrepresentation or concealment of an important fact upon which the victim is meant to rely, and in fact does rely, to the harm of the victim. Proving fraud in a court of law is often said to be difficult as the intention to defraud is the key element in question. As such, proving fraud comes with a "greater evidentiary burden than other civil claims". This difficulty is exacerbated by the fact that some jurisdictions require the victim to prove fraud by clear and convincing evidence.
The remedies for fraud may include rescission (i.e., reversal) of a fraudulently obtained agreement or transaction, the recovery of a monetary award to compensate for the harm caused, punitive damages to punish or deter the misconduct, and possibly others.
In cases of a fraudulently induced contract, fraud may serve as a defense in a civil action for breach of contract or specific performance of contract. Similarly, fraud may serve as a basis for a court to invoke its equitable jurisdiction.
This paper sets out the current legal regime in place to combat corruption and fraud and explains how international arbitration tribunals handle such allegations.
From 1984 until 1997, David Weintraub represented the majority of this country’s largest securities firms. He knows the securities industry and how it operates. In 1997 David Weintraub switched sides, putting his extensive knowledge and experience to work for institutional and individual investors who have suffered investment losses. The firm’s practice focuses on Securities Arbitration and Litigation - See more at: http://www.stockbrokerlitigation.com/#sthash.FSa4rDfT.dpuf
What is investigative reporting How is it relevant to white collar .pdfeyevisioncare1
What is investigative reporting? How is it relevant to white collar crime? Why or Why not is it
helpful in fighting white collar crime?
Solution
Investigative reporting:
Criminal Investigative reporting also branded as criminal profiling is an analytical instrument use
in the law enforcement group of people to assist solve aggressive crimes. The examination is
based on an analysis of proof from the crime view and since witness and fatalities.
Fraudulent and criminal activity include corruption and sleaze, fraud, fake accounting,
possessions and money frauds, bank scam, income tax scam, insider commerce, money launder,
cartel and standard fixing. Further business crime with trade standard and strength and security
and surroundings breach.
Defensive persons alongside whom allegation of scam have been ready, equally corporate entity
and those
Serving the fatalities of scam to locate, protect and recover thrift cash or property
Representing witness in scam cases
Conduct an inside examine for the acquire company in links with a likely scam in the gaining of
a different corporation. The investigation result in the retailer recurring a important section of the
sale proceeds to our customer, the acquirer.
The FBI report in its Uniform Crime information that 14 million arrest for the entire crime in the
US all through 2005, 118000+ be for forgery and counterfeit, 321000+ were for scam, and
18,900+ were for misappropriation. The prevalence of identity robbery has rise considerably in
latest yrs as additional and more dealings of all type are handle slightly using telephone, Internet,
and computers. Individuality thieves take personal data from fatalities, such as their social
protection, credit/debit cards, or further recognition numbers, and then locate up new credit card
accounts or else miss represent themselves as their fatalities to get currency, supplies, or services
burdened..
What is fraud?
A fraud is defined as a wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain. "He was convicted of fraud" a person or thing intended to deceive others, typically by unjustifiably claiming or being credited with accomplishments or qualities.
What is Fraud Law?
In law, fraud is intentional deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right. Fraud can violate civil law (e.g., a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud or recover monetary compensation) or criminal law (e.g., a fraud perpetrator may be prosecuted and imprisoned by governmental authorities), or it may cause no loss of money, property, or legal right but still be an element of another civil or criminal wrong.
The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits, for example by obtaining a passport, travel document, or driver's license, or mortgage fraud, where the perpetrator may attempt to qualify for a mortgage by way of false statements.
Terminology
Fraud can be defined as either a civil wrong or a criminal act. For civil fraud, a government agency or person or entity harmed by fraud may bring litigation to stop the fraud, seek monetary damages, or both. For criminal fraud, a person may be prosecuted for the fraud and potentially face fines, incarceration, or both.
Although white collar crimes are non-violent offenses. They are criminal offenses nonetheless and can be punished just as harshly as other, more well-know crimes; a basic understanding of some of the more common white - collar crimes might prevent you from unknowingly participating in one . Learn more about white collar crimes in California in this presentation.
The Kirlew Law Firm is a Miami based law firm with a strong reputation for success in some of the most challenging and complex cases. Firm Founder and lead attorney Brian Kirlew is an experienced and respected criminal defense attorney. Our Firm is top-rated by leading rating services like Avvo, Martindale-Hubbel, Lawyers.com, Super Lawyers, and Top Rated Lawyers.
Business Ethics and White-Collar Crime Business Ethics There are many (2).docxCharlesCSZWhitei
Business Ethics and White-Collar Crime Business Ethics There are many definitions of business ethics, but the ones given by Andrew Crane and Raymond C . Baumhart are considered the most appropriate ones. According to Crane, "Business ethics is the study of business situations, activities, and decisions where issues of right and wrong are addressed." Baumhart defines, "The ethics of business is the ethics of responsibility. The businessman must promise that he will not harm knowingly." Business ethics inquires into and justifies the decision-making process concerning what is right and wrong in all areas of business practice. The decision-making process occurs on the individual, organizational, and business system levels. This chapter explains how business decisions are made from the moral, legal, and economic points of view. The strengths and weaknesses of each perspective are reviewed before presenting an integrated approach that applies all three points of view in the business decision-making process. White Collar Crime Reportedly coined in 1939, the term white-collar crime is now synonymous with the full range of frauds committed by business and government professionals. These crimes are characterized by deceit, concealment, or violation of trust and are not dependent on the application or threat of physical force or violence. The motivation behind these crimes is financial - to obtain or avoid losing money, property, or services or to secure a personal or business advantage. These are not victimless crimes. A single scam can destroy a company, devastate families by wiping out their life savings, or cost investors billions of dollars (or even all three). Today's fraud schemes are more sophisticated than ever, and the FBI is dedicated to using its skills to track down the culprits and stop scams before they start. The FBI's white-collar crime work integrates the analysis of intelligence with its investigations of criminal activities such as public corruption, money laundering, corporate fraud, securities and commodities fraud, mortgage fraud, financial institution fraud, bank fraud and embezzlement, fraud against the government, election law violations, mass marketing fraud, and health care fraud. The FBI generally focuses on complex investigations - often with a nexus to organized crime activities - that are international, national, or regional in scope and where the FBI can bring to bear unique expertise or capabilities that increase the likelihood of successful investigations. FBI special agents work closely with partner law enforcement and regulatory agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Postal Inspection Service, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and the Treasury Department's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, among others, targeting sophisticated, multi-layered fraud cases that harm the economy. Major Threats \& Programs Corporate Fraud Corporate fraud continues to be.
A New York attorney, Donald Harwood is experienced in entertainment law and real estate law. Donald Harwood cofounded Harwood Reiff, LLC, to handle landlord-tenant disputes.
Attorney Donald Harwood is a partner at Harwood Reiff LLC in New York City. Donald Harwood is a successful civil litigator, and he has also taken on complex criminal defense cases involving both appellate litigation and white collar defense.
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
2. Introduction
As a practitioner of the law for three decades, attorney Donald
Harwood has handled many kinds of court cases for his firm of
Harwood and Reiff, LLC. Donald Harwood's services as an
attorney include complex civil litigation and criminal defense
cases, often involving white-collar crime.
White-collar crime covers several types of financial misconduct,
such as fraud, which is defined as the act of obtaining money
under false pretenses. One common type is securities fraud,
often committed by a company issuing stocks. It involves the
inaccurate reporting of financial information to stockholders or
investors.
Persons making decisions on the basis of this false data stand to
lose their investments, especially if the company goes bankrupt.
3. Securities Fraud
The Enron case is an example of securities fraud. The officers of the
company failed to report all its expenses, which artificially inflated the
stock's value.
Another well-known type of securities fraud is insider trading. Persons
committing this crime use information not available to the public to
make buying or selling decisions. For instance, an accountant may sell
stock knowing that the company is on the verge of bankruptcy. Doing
this before letting the board of directors know about the problem
constitutes insider trading.
In contrast is third-party misrepresentation, often called “pump and
dump”. This occurs when an investor spreads false news about a small,
less-known company, from which he has bought large amounts of
cheap stock. If the good news raises the stock's value sufficiently and
stimulates others to buy, the investor sells his share at a profit.