The document outlines the development and challenges of 5G networks in Canada and the USA, detailing investment efforts and adoption trends. It highlights the potential applications and market leaders in the 5G technology space while also addressing issues such as network security and infrastructure capabilities. Additionally, it discusses the geopolitical landscape related to telecommunications providers, particularly concerning competition with Chinese companies like Huawei and ZTE.

1. 5G Network and Cell /
Broadband Network
By: Paul Young CPA CGA
Date: September 27, 2021

2. Paul Young - Bio
• CPA, CGA (1996)
• Academia (PF1, FA4, FN2, MU1. and MS2)
• SME – Customer Success Management
• SME – Risk Management
• SME – Close, Consolidate and Reporting
• SME – Public Policy
• SME – Emerging Technology
• SME – Business Process Change
• SME – Financial Solutions
• SME – Macro/Micro Indicators
• SME – Supply Chain Management
• SME – Data, AI, Security, and Platform
• SME – Internal Controls and Auditing
Contact information email: Paul_Young_CGA@hotmail.com
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/paul-young-055632b/
SlideShare - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga
Twitter: https://twitter.com/paulyoungcpa
Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/user/youngercga1968/videos

3. Agenda
• What is 5G
• USA / 5G Investments
• Canada / 5G
• Adoption Rates
• 2019 Market Outlook
• Issues facing 5G
• Market Size
• Applications
• Major Players
• 5G/Canada
• Fastest Network
• Security
• 2019 Election / Cell Rates
• Cell Costs
• Internet Costs

4. Introduction
This presentation discusses issues facing telecom across
Canada.

5. What is 5G?
PC Magazine – June 21, 2016
• 5G is a new network system that has much higher speeds and capacity, and
much lower latency, than existing cellular systems. The technologies to be used
in 5G are still being defined, but there <spanare< span="" style="box-sizing:
border-box;">some general themes everyone agrees on.</spanare<>
• 5G networks will use a type of encoding called OFDM, which is similar to the
encoding that LTE uses. The air interface will be designed for much lower latency
and greater flexibility than LTE, though.
• The new networks can use frequencies as low as old TV channels, or as high as
"millimeter wave," which are frequencies that can transmit huge amounts of data,
but only a few blocks at a time. 5G may also bring in Wi-Fi as a seamless part of
a cellular network, or transmit LTE-encoded data over Wi-Fi frequencies, which is
called <="" span="" style="box-sizing: border-box;">.

6. Geopolitics and 5G

7. USA and 5G investments
Sources - https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__app.link.pentonmanufacturing.com_e_er-3Fs-3D893956921-26lid-3D281443-
26elqTrackId-3D8bbf51cbd10c4f2bb2f57534f2a2b6d3-26elq-3D16cdd058fc7248b3a3a2830304628be0-26elqaid-3D38955-26elqat-3D1-26utm-5Frid-
3DCPG03000003273915-26utm-5Fcampaign-3D38955-26utm-5Fmedium-3Demail-26elq2-3D16cdd058fc7248b3a3a2830304628be0-26oly-5Fenc-
5Fid-3D0795D4398167A5U&d=DwMCaQ&c=jf_iaSHvJObTbx-siA1ZOg&r=-jdq6iV4dQJQo01vxt-
OMsPRLAz4KWhUHwAxRjDtksM&m=rUVCwuH632q48tRH1wvmlW0V3cSyKBQbAFTWJMbihQE&s=hhg6IiyJ7W0OOjZjvkQvqMznM1DLptoIuzJxMUQIfn8&e=
The U.S. has been warning other countries not to buy telecommunications gear from China’s Huawei
Technologies Co. and ZTE Corp. The government will soon put real money behind the effort.
A new agency, called the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation, plans to tap some of its $60
billion budget to help developing countries and businesses purchase equipment from other companies.
“The U.S. is very focused on ensuring there’s a viable alternative to Huawei and ZTE. We don’t want to be out
there saying no. We want to be out there saying yes,” Adam Boehler, the first chief executive officer of the
DFC, said in a recent interview.
He declined to discuss specific company talks or how the money would be spent. However, the plans would be
a welcome boost for Sweden’s Ericsson AB and Finland’s Nokia Oyj, which have struggled to compete with
Huawei and ZTE equipment that’s often cheaper and at least as capable. The U.S. could bankroll Huawei
alternatives through loans or loan guarantees to developing nations and companies, or even acquiring
minority stakes in emerging makers of competing gear.

8. Canada and 5G
• TELUS Investment - https://www.itworldcanada.com/article/telus-to-invest-17-billion-in-ontarios-network-
through-2024/447426
• Small to medium-size businesses - https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/two-in-three-small-
businesses-say-5g-will-benefit-their-business-when-it-is-rolled-out-872617876.html
• Bell - https://www.bloomberg.com/press-releases/2021-05-26/bell-expands-canada-s-most-awarded-
5g-network-to-23-more-cities-and-towns
• Amazon and Bell - https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-bell-canada-partners-with-
amazon-web-services-to-enable-new/

9. Adoption Rates / 5G
Source - https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/05/12/2032004/0/en/Wireless-Infrastructure-Market-Size-Anticipated-to-
Reach-USD-249-87-Billion-by-2026-Owing-to-Increasing-Adoption-and-Popularity-of-5G-Technology-says-Fortune-Business-Insights.html /

10. Market Status – Issues facing 5G
• It has a lot of available bandwidth and should make it possible for wireless
devices to process data with minimal delays. But since its wavelengths are
much shorter, it is more easily obstructed. And because it has never been
used for consumer mobile services, carriers are still learning how 5G
signals will behave in different types of terrain and weather. “We need to
look at how the signals are affected by things like snow, rain, sleet, hail,
maple trees, oak trees, and spruce trees, because each of those will be
different,” says AT&T research engineer Bob Bennett.
• The problem: most 5G measurement equipment is so expensive, fragile,
and bulky that it can be deployed outdoors for only a few hours at a time. -
Bennett and colleagues say that far more real-world data is needed to
properly develop the technology, so they have created weatherproof radios
the size of toaster ovens and installed them across AT&T’s 260-acre
campus in Middletown, New Jersey, which was once part of Bell Labs.

11. 2021 Market Outlook
Source - https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/5g-market-are-going-from-31-billion-in-2020-to-11-trillion-by-2026-research-report-by-reportsnreports-300957194.html
Source - https://www.ccsinsight.com/press/company-news/5g-prospects-remain-strong-despite-pandemic-drag/

12. Market update /Connected Car
Source https://www.industryweek.com/technology-and-iiot/how-5g-will-transform-way-we-live-and-
work?NL=IW-07&Issue=IW-07_20190401_IW-
07_924&sfvc4enews=42&cl=article_3_b&utm_rid=CPG03000001519274&utm_campaign=33862&utm_me
dium=email&elq2=561179d660d84f3498aef759b16378fe or
https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/372376

13. Market Analysis
Source - https://ortenga.com/blog/

14. Applications
• File sharing / speed
• Downloads (TV content and Gaming)
• Streaming (TV Content and Gaming)
• IoT (monitoring/speed)

15. Market Leaders
Source - http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/ResearchInsight/5g-technology-
market.asp
• SK Telecom (South Korea), Korea Telecom (South Korea)
• Nokia Networks (Finland)
• Samsung (South Korea), Qualcomm (U.S.)
• Intel (U.S.)
• NEC Corporation (Japan),
• Huawei (China)
• Verizon (U.S.), AT&T (U.S.)
• T-Mobile USA, Inc.
• LG (South Korea)
• China Mobile (China)

16. Market update – 5G
Source - https://www.cnet.com/news/5g-is-finally-starting-to-feel-real/ or
https://www.theverge.com/2018/12/18/18146246/att-5g-us-launch-hotspot-service-plan-price

17. Cybersecurity and 5G
Source - https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252454624/Mobile-security-needs-a-rethink-for-the-5G-era

18. Canada 5G
http://www.itworldcanada.com/article/large-scale-deployment-of-5g-infrastructure-to-start-
in-2020-cisco/390835 and http://mobilesyrup.com/2016/10/05/telus-and-huawei-
achieve-record-speeds-during-5g-network-tests-in-vancouver/
• “Huawei’s Canada Research Centre has become one of the global pioneers for 5G technology. The
success of the trial today, with a great Canadian partner in TELUS, reinforces the important role
Canada is playing in leading global 5G technology development,” said Sean Yang, president of
Huawei Canada, in a statement.
• Multiple Canadian carriers have been conducting 5G trials, including Bell and Rogers Wireless,
who’ve also successfully trial of 5G network speeds. In comparison to the United States
however, Canada is much closer to achieving the upgraded infrastructure on a national
scale. In July, Bell and Nokia collaborated to conduct the first successful trial of 5G
technology in Canada.
Mobile Syrup – October 5, 2017

19. Adoption Rates / 5G
Source - http://partsun.com/person/tips.html?id=5158

20. Verizon and Ericsson Partnership 5G
Source - http://www.techrepublic.com/article/verizon-and-ericsson-partner-for-5g-wireless-trials-
at-indy-500/?ftag=TREee10240&bhid=23321323188161054569322732153870
Verizon and Ericsson will be partnering to run trials of their 5G wireless
technology at the 101st running of the Indianapolis 500, the pair
announced Monday.
The test will occur the day before the historic race in a 5G-connected
home close to the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, according to a press
release. The house will use a gateway based on the Intel 5G Mobile
Trial Platform, the press release said, to live stream races in both 4K
360-degree video and virtual reality (VR), making use of "multi-gigabit
per-second network speeds with low latency," the release said.

21. Fastest Network / Canada
Source - http://www.iphoneincanada.ca/carriers/telus/canada-fastest-mobile-network-2017-
telus-pcmag/

22. Security and 5G
Source - https://www.industryweek.com/technology-and-iiot/article/21126346/staying-secure-in-5g-reality?utm_source=IY+IW+Daily+Headlines+-
+Morning&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS200320052&o_eid=7930I4506489J2B&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7930I4506489J2B&oly_enc_id=7930I4506489J2B
1. 5G is a Pandora’s box representing a massive security risk as software, network disaggregation, higher
volumes of devices and cell sites, an influx of new vendors and open source trends exponentially.
2. 5G is part of future national critical infrastructure and as such securing the supply chain is of national
importance.
3. 5G is potentially more secure than any previous network given that the underlying architecture is capable of
incorporating a number of advanced security mechanisms
4. FIPS level - https://www.cryptomathic.com/news-events/blog/understanding-the-new-fips-standard-fips-
140-3
• Any new infrastructure should have the following
• Firewall security controls
• Firmware and other anti-hacking software
• Monitoring and/or denying IPS from accessing 5G network
• Securing the pipe via VPN and/or communication tools

23. Telecom Capital
Source -
https://telecoms.com/511463/telcos-
lack-agility-in-investment-planning-
study/

24. Cell costs
Source -
https://themarkup.org/2020/09/03/c
ost-speed-of-mobile-data-by-country

25. Internet Costs
Source -
https://www.broadbandsearch.net/blog
/internet-costs-compared-worldwide

26. Rural High Speed Internet / 5G
Source - https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/xplornet-launches-bold-
new-plan-to-improve-rural-broadband-855356657.html
WOODSTOCK, NB, March 15, 2019 /CNW/ - Rural Canadians will soon have access to faster
speeds and more data as Xplornet Communications Inc. makes historic investments in its
national broadband network, enabled by the Government of Canada's Accelerated Investment
Incentive.
Announced today by President and CEO Allison Lenehan, this bold new investment plan will
position Xplornet to deliver 5G wireless services nationally to rural Canadians.
"We have made unprecedented investments in our broadband network to offer more services to
our customers. Later this year, Xplornet will double the speeds we are able to offer customers to
50 Mbps," said Mr. Lenehan. "Then, we will fulfill our bold promise to offer 100 Mbps speeds to
rural Canadians by the end of 2020."
This investment will enable Xplornet, Canada's leading rural broadband provider, by the end of
next year, to provide 5G-ready wireless services across Canada, supported by new investments
in a fibre backbone capable of delivering speeds of at least 1Gbps.
The plan makes effective use of Xplornet's licensed 3500 MHz spectrum to provide rural
Canadians with 5G wireless services.

27. Rural Internet and 5G expansion (Urban
Areas)
• SpaceX and rural internet – Canada - https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/spacex-high-speed-internet-1.5618918
• Infrastructure bank and internet expansion - https://globalnews.ca/news/7029832/eorn-ontario-internet-expansion/
• Rural internet expansion - https://kitchener.ctvnews.ca/11-9m-program-will-bring-broadband-to-rural-communities-
1.4981332
• Bell Canada launches its 5G network - https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/bell-launches-canada-s-largest-5g-
wireless-network-882269605.html -
• Telus moved forward with 5G in major cities - https://www.timescolonist.com/telus-to-launch-5g-wireless-service-in-5-
markets-on-friday-26-more-by-year-end-1.24155964
• 5G Expansion - Last week, Bell Canada announced that Sweden-based Ericsson will be its second supplier of the radio
access network equipment -- a major component in 5G networks -- following its choice of Finland's Nokia in February.
Telus Corp., which uses Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. equipment extensively in its current network, announced hours later
that it too had selected Ericsson and Nokia for its 5G network needs. https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/bell-launches-5g-
network-in-montreal-toronto-calgary-edmonton-and-vancouver-1.1449077

28. Training and Development
• If you like to learn more
about trade and/or other
subjects as part of your
professional learning and
development then feel
free to review my
material on
https://www.udemy.com
/ (search Paul Young CPA
CGA)
• These subjects address
how to fixed issues with
housing and/or systemic
issues related to
economy including
government policies