This presentation covers: o What is an IPO? o Types of IPO o Benefits of Investing in IPO o Risks of Investing in IPO

1. What is an
IPO?

2. Initial Public Offering (IPO)
An IPO, an acronym for Initial Public Offering, marks a company’s transition from private
ownership to public ownership. It entails the momentous step of selling shares of the company to
the general public for the first time, allowing anyone to become an investor in the company’s
success. This process culminates in the listing of the company’s shares on a stock exchange,
enabling investors to trade these shares openly and freely.

3. Type of IPOs
In India, there are two main types of IPOs: fixed price issues and book building issues.
1) Fixed Price Issue
2) Book Building Issue
In addition to fixed price issues and book building issues, there are also a few other types of IPOs
that are used less frequently in India. These include:
•Offer for Sale (OFS)
•Initial Public Offering of Debt (IPOD)
•Reverse Book Building (RBB)

4. Fixed Price Issue
In a fixed price issue, the price of the shares is determined in advance by the company and its
underwriters. This means that investors know exactly how much they will pay for each share when they
apply for the IPO. Fixed price issues are typically used for companies with a strong track record and a
predictable financial performance.
Book Building Issue
In a book building issue, the price of the shares is not determined in advance. Instead, investors are
asked to submit bids for the shares, stating the price they are willing to pay. The underwriters then
collect these bids and determine the final price of the shares based on the demand from investors.
Book building issues are typically used for companies with a more uncertain financial outlook or for
companies that are new to the market.

5. Benefits of Investing in IPOs:
➢Potential for High Returns: Some IPOs have experienced explosive growth shortly after listing,
offering investors the opportunity to reap significant gains.
➢Early Access to Promising Companies: IPOs provide an opportunity to invest in companies with
high growth potential at an early stage, before they become more established and their valuations
increase. This can be particularly attractive for investors who believe in the long-term prospects of
a particular industry or sector.
➢Diversification Opportunities: IPOs can add diversity to an investment portfolio, as they often
represent companies operating in different industries and geographies. This diversification can
help mitigate risk and potentially enhance overall portfolio returns.

6. Risks of Investing in IPOs:
➢High Volatility: IPOs are often characterized by high volatility, meaning their stock prices can
fluctuate significantly in a short period. This volatility can lead to both substantial gains and
significant losses, making IPOs a riskier investment option.
➢Limited Financial Information: IPOs typically have a shorter track record and less financial data
available compared to established public companies. This limited information can make it
challenging to accurately assess a company’s financial health and future prospects.
➢Underpricing and Overpricing Risk: There is a risk that IPOs may be underpriced or overpriced,
leading to either missed opportunities for gains or significant losses. This mispricing can result
from factors such as overoptimistic valuations or inaccurate projections.

7. Thank You