This document outlines a presentation on physical therapy evaluation and treatment of cerebellar ataxia. The presentation objectives are to understand cerebellar ataxia symptoms and their relation to neuroanatomy, discuss evaluation measures for ataxia based on research, and provide examples of clinical interventions. The document defines ataxia and describes the role of the cerebellum in coordination, movement quality, motor learning, control, automaticity, posture and balance. It outlines the functional zones of the cerebellum and signs of cerebellar dysfunction, and discusses vestibulocerebellar and spinocerebellar functions.
EFFECT OF MIRROR THERAPY ON UPPER EXTREMITY MOTOR FUNCTION IN STROKE PATIENTSismailabinji
EFFECT OF MIRROR THERAPY ON UPPER EXTREMITY MOTOR FUNCTION IN STROKE PATIENTS
Stroke is one of the main causes of disability around the globe. plegia (complete paralysis) or paresis (partial weakness ) are common following a stroke. According to the Journal of Physical Therapy Science, about 85 percent of stroke survivors will suffer from hemiplegia, and at least 69 percent will experience a loss of motor function in the upper limb.
Although these changes may not be permanent, some people regain partial or full limb function, the road to recovery can be long. But did you know that it is possible to trick the brain into believing what it sees? Mirror therapy is being used more and more in stroke rehabilitation to dupe the brain and restore limb function.
STROKE: is defined as the rapidly developed clinical signs of global or focal disturbance of cerebral function, lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin. (WHO, 2017)
MOTOR FUNCTION motor function is the ability to learn or to demonstrate the skillful and efficient assumption, maintenance, modification, and control of voluntary postures and movement patterns.
In mirror therapy, a mirror is placed beside the unaffected limb, blocking the view of the affected limb. This creates the illusion that both limbs are functioning properly.
Mirror theory is based on evidence that action observation activates the same motor areas of the brain as action execution. Observed actions lead to the generation of intended actions, engaging motor planning and execution.
Mirror neurons are type of brain cell that respond equally when we perform an action and when we witness someone else perform the same action. They were first discovered in the early 1990s, when a team of Italian researchers found individual neurons in the brains of macaque monkeys that fired both when the monkeys grabbed an object and also when the monkeys watched another primate grab the same object.
Patient characteristics
Motor abilities
Vision
Trunk control
Non affected limb
Cognitive abilities (Wade DT et al., 2011)
Informing the patient
Possible Negative effect
Environment and required materials
Surrounding
Jewellery and other marks
Mirror
Maintaining cognitive vitality remains challenging in our rapidly aging society. It has been well documented that as we age, even simple daily tasks become challenging as it increasingly draws cognitive resources from neural pathways outside of the primary Motor Cortex. The purpose of this statement is to explore the potential use of novel motor training as a countermeasure to alleviate cognitive declines in older adults.
To Study the Efficacy of Electromyographic Biofeedback Training on Dynamic Eq...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Cerebral palsy (CP) is caused by static lesion to a developing nervous system that primarily affects
motor function. Spastic motor involvement is characteristic of most of these individual.Dynamicequinus is a
common deformity that worsens the ambulatory ability of both diplegic and hemiplegic conditions. The use of
electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback has been suggested as a training tool to improve the ability to increase
activation of weak and partially paralyzed muscles and to decrease the activation of muscles affected by spasm
or spasticity without regard to specific diagnosis. However, very few studies have reported the effects of EMG
biofeedback on ankle function among children with spastic cerebral palsy .Objectives of the study was to
increase the activation of tibialis anterior and to improve the functional ambulation.40 subjects were made part
of the study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria divided into two groups group A and B.Group A
received traditional physical therapy exercises and electromypgraphic biofeedback and group B received only
exercise program.The treatment duration was for 4weeks 3 sessions a week.The results were analysed using
statistical tests that were paired and unpaired t-test and mannwhitneytest.The results showed significant
improvement in the pre and post treatment.The conclusion of the study lended a favourable outlook to use
biofeedback training in treatment of CP children, to improve functional ambulation and gait. Keywords: Cerebral palsy, dynamic equinus deformity, gait, electromyography, biofeedback.
EFFECT OF MIRROR THERAPY ON UPPER EXTREMITY MOTOR FUNCTION IN STROKE PATIENTSismailabinji
EFFECT OF MIRROR THERAPY ON UPPER EXTREMITY MOTOR FUNCTION IN STROKE PATIENTS
Stroke is one of the main causes of disability around the globe. plegia (complete paralysis) or paresis (partial weakness ) are common following a stroke. According to the Journal of Physical Therapy Science, about 85 percent of stroke survivors will suffer from hemiplegia, and at least 69 percent will experience a loss of motor function in the upper limb.
Although these changes may not be permanent, some people regain partial or full limb function, the road to recovery can be long. But did you know that it is possible to trick the brain into believing what it sees? Mirror therapy is being used more and more in stroke rehabilitation to dupe the brain and restore limb function.
STROKE: is defined as the rapidly developed clinical signs of global or focal disturbance of cerebral function, lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin. (WHO, 2017)
MOTOR FUNCTION motor function is the ability to learn or to demonstrate the skillful and efficient assumption, maintenance, modification, and control of voluntary postures and movement patterns.
In mirror therapy, a mirror is placed beside the unaffected limb, blocking the view of the affected limb. This creates the illusion that both limbs are functioning properly.
Mirror theory is based on evidence that action observation activates the same motor areas of the brain as action execution. Observed actions lead to the generation of intended actions, engaging motor planning and execution.
Mirror neurons are type of brain cell that respond equally when we perform an action and when we witness someone else perform the same action. They were first discovered in the early 1990s, when a team of Italian researchers found individual neurons in the brains of macaque monkeys that fired both when the monkeys grabbed an object and also when the monkeys watched another primate grab the same object.
Patient characteristics
Motor abilities
Vision
Trunk control
Non affected limb
Cognitive abilities (Wade DT et al., 2011)
Informing the patient
Possible Negative effect
Environment and required materials
Surrounding
Jewellery and other marks
Mirror
Maintaining cognitive vitality remains challenging in our rapidly aging society. It has been well documented that as we age, even simple daily tasks become challenging as it increasingly draws cognitive resources from neural pathways outside of the primary Motor Cortex. The purpose of this statement is to explore the potential use of novel motor training as a countermeasure to alleviate cognitive declines in older adults.
To Study the Efficacy of Electromyographic Biofeedback Training on Dynamic Eq...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Cerebral palsy (CP) is caused by static lesion to a developing nervous system that primarily affects
motor function. Spastic motor involvement is characteristic of most of these individual.Dynamicequinus is a
common deformity that worsens the ambulatory ability of both diplegic and hemiplegic conditions. The use of
electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback has been suggested as a training tool to improve the ability to increase
activation of weak and partially paralyzed muscles and to decrease the activation of muscles affected by spasm
or spasticity without regard to specific diagnosis. However, very few studies have reported the effects of EMG
biofeedback on ankle function among children with spastic cerebral palsy .Objectives of the study was to
increase the activation of tibialis anterior and to improve the functional ambulation.40 subjects were made part
of the study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria divided into two groups group A and B.Group A
received traditional physical therapy exercises and electromypgraphic biofeedback and group B received only
exercise program.The treatment duration was for 4weeks 3 sessions a week.The results were analysed using
statistical tests that were paired and unpaired t-test and mannwhitneytest.The results showed significant
improvement in the pre and post treatment.The conclusion of the study lended a favourable outlook to use
biofeedback training in treatment of CP children, to improve functional ambulation and gait. Keywords: Cerebral palsy, dynamic equinus deformity, gait, electromyography, biofeedback.
What are most promising lifestyle and tech options to harness lifelong neurop...SharpBrains
*Dr. Álvaro Pascual-Leone, Director of the Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
*Dr. David Bartrés-Faz, Principal Investigator of the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative (BBHI)
*Dr. Simone Schurle, Assistant Professor for Responsive Biomedical Systems at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
*Chaired by: Dr. David Bach, Founder and President of the Platypus Institute
*Álvaro Fernández, CEO and Editor-in-Chief of SharpBrains
*Sarah Lenz Lock, Senior Vice President for Policy at AARP and Executive Director of the Global Council on Brain Health (GCBH)
*Dr. April Benasich, Director of the Baby Lab at the Rutgers Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience
*Chaired by: Dr. Cori Lathan, Co-Chair of the World Economic Forum’s Council on the Future of Human Enhancement
Slidedeck supporting session held during the 2017 SharpBrains Virtual Summit: Brain Health & Enhancement in the Digital Age (December 5-7th). Learn more at: https://sharpbrains.com/summit-2017/
What about executive functions and CHC theory: New research for discussionKevin McGrew
This module contains a subset of slides that were only briefly touched on as part of a larger "Beyond CHC" presentation at the Australian Psychological Society (APS) 2016 Annual Congress. Time was limited. Thus, the complete subset of slides are presented here for FYI and discussion purposes.
Learn more in how the brain functions and how important physical therapy is for recovery.
The basis of neuro rehabilitation.
Brain has an incredible adaptation capacity and here you'll know just how to...explore it
Neurocritical Care Triad - Focused Neurological Examination, Brain Multimodal...Apollo Hospitals
Intensive care is rightly described as “an art of managing intense intricacy” and this situation is further complicated in the care of patients with critical neurological illness. Brain
damage directly related to an insult is primary brain injury (PBI). The cascade of pathobiological events following PBI is known as secondary brain injury (SBI). PBI is most often
irreversible so, the focus of neurocritical care is to prevent, detect and manage SBI.
An Efficacy Study on Improving Balance in Subacute Stroke Patients by Proprio...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION CVA is a complex dysfunction caused by a lesion in the brain. The WHO defines stroke as an “acute neurologic dysfunction of vascular origin with symptoms and sign corresponding to the involvement of focal areas of the brain.” In India the cumulative incidence of stroke ranged from 105 152 100000 persons per year, and the crude prevalence of stroke ranged from 44.29 559 100000 persons in different parts of the country during the past decade. DESIGN Pre test Post test experimental group designSETTING Inpatient and outpatient of Department of Occupational Therapy, SV.NIRTAR, Olatpur.PARTICIPANTS A total 45 Subjects were recruited from the Swami Vivekananda National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.INTERVENTIONS After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria survivors were assessed using assessment performance, and informed consent was taken from the participants, allocated to the three groups.Group 1 Proprioceptive training alone Group 2 Proprioceptive training along with motor imageryGroup 3 Conventional therapyOUTCOME MEASURES Berg Balance Scale RESULT The study aimed to provide reference data for planning the rehabilitation of stroke patients, by comparing the effects of proprioceptive training with motor imagery and conventional proprioceptive training performed for 8 weeks. Result of the study indicated that there was significant effect of mental imagery and proprioceptive training on balance ability of stroke patients. The changes of the motor imagery training group were better than those of the other 2 groups.CONCLUSION In this clinical trial, our findings suggests significant improvement in balance in sub acute stroke patients when given motor imagery training along with proprioceptive training, conventional therapy and proprioceptive training alone.On the basis of current results, it was also concluded that, the motor imagery training along with proprioceptive training group showed a noticeable better effect on balance than those of other two groups. Kshanaprava Dash | Mr. Rama Kumar Sahu "An Efficacy Study on Improving Balance in Subacute Stroke Patients by Proprioceptive Training with Additional Motor Imagery" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38382.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38382/an-efficacy-study-on-improving-balance-in-subacute-stroke-patients-by-proprioceptive-training-with-additional-motor-imagery/kshanaprava-dash
Neurofeedback as Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder-MOK wahedi
ABSTRACT
Background
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder and symptoms are considered to be due to brain deregulation and dysfunction in multiple regions of the brain. There is no cure for autism and the management guidelines are defined to reduce the symptoms and reinstitute normal functioning in life. Neurofeedback is one of these methods in treating children with Autism. Several studies have shown that individuals with autism are able to alter their brain activity in specific frequency bands through the use of neurofeedback which induces prolong changes in autism symptoms, cognitive functioning and long-term changes in EEG. Neurofeedback is a way of training the brain to use more productive patterns of brainwaves which teaches the brain to self-regulate, strengthening neural pathways while increasing mental endurance and flexibility
Objective
To observe the effect of Neurofeedback Treatment in Children with ASD in areas of speech, language, communication, sociability, sensory ,cognitive awareness, health, physical and behaviors
Methods and Materials
It is a descriptive longitudinal study with purposive sampling done from January 2018 to March 2020 among children diagnosed with ASD who underwent Neurofeedback training for at least 80 sessions. 70% were boys 30% were girls. Assessment was done by Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21
Result
The study showed Improvements in all ATEC Evaluation Categories in Speech, Language, and communication39.1%, Sociability53.7%, Sensory and Cognitive awareness56.8%, and in Health, Physical, and Behaviors58%
Conclusion
The study shows marked improvement in all 4 specific Areas of evaluation of ATEC after Neurofeedback training of children with Autism. Since Autism has no specific cure and neurofeedback has its efficacy without any untoward effects may be used as a treatment option for Autism
What are most promising lifestyle and tech options to harness lifelong neurop...SharpBrains
*Dr. Álvaro Pascual-Leone, Director of the Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
*Dr. David Bartrés-Faz, Principal Investigator of the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative (BBHI)
*Dr. Simone Schurle, Assistant Professor for Responsive Biomedical Systems at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
*Chaired by: Dr. David Bach, Founder and President of the Platypus Institute
*Álvaro Fernández, CEO and Editor-in-Chief of SharpBrains
*Sarah Lenz Lock, Senior Vice President for Policy at AARP and Executive Director of the Global Council on Brain Health (GCBH)
*Dr. April Benasich, Director of the Baby Lab at the Rutgers Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience
*Chaired by: Dr. Cori Lathan, Co-Chair of the World Economic Forum’s Council on the Future of Human Enhancement
Slidedeck supporting session held during the 2017 SharpBrains Virtual Summit: Brain Health & Enhancement in the Digital Age (December 5-7th). Learn more at: https://sharpbrains.com/summit-2017/
What about executive functions and CHC theory: New research for discussionKevin McGrew
This module contains a subset of slides that were only briefly touched on as part of a larger "Beyond CHC" presentation at the Australian Psychological Society (APS) 2016 Annual Congress. Time was limited. Thus, the complete subset of slides are presented here for FYI and discussion purposes.
Learn more in how the brain functions and how important physical therapy is for recovery.
The basis of neuro rehabilitation.
Brain has an incredible adaptation capacity and here you'll know just how to...explore it
Neurocritical Care Triad - Focused Neurological Examination, Brain Multimodal...Apollo Hospitals
Intensive care is rightly described as “an art of managing intense intricacy” and this situation is further complicated in the care of patients with critical neurological illness. Brain
damage directly related to an insult is primary brain injury (PBI). The cascade of pathobiological events following PBI is known as secondary brain injury (SBI). PBI is most often
irreversible so, the focus of neurocritical care is to prevent, detect and manage SBI.
An Efficacy Study on Improving Balance in Subacute Stroke Patients by Proprio...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION CVA is a complex dysfunction caused by a lesion in the brain. The WHO defines stroke as an “acute neurologic dysfunction of vascular origin with symptoms and sign corresponding to the involvement of focal areas of the brain.” In India the cumulative incidence of stroke ranged from 105 152 100000 persons per year, and the crude prevalence of stroke ranged from 44.29 559 100000 persons in different parts of the country during the past decade. DESIGN Pre test Post test experimental group designSETTING Inpatient and outpatient of Department of Occupational Therapy, SV.NIRTAR, Olatpur.PARTICIPANTS A total 45 Subjects were recruited from the Swami Vivekananda National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.INTERVENTIONS After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria survivors were assessed using assessment performance, and informed consent was taken from the participants, allocated to the three groups.Group 1 Proprioceptive training alone Group 2 Proprioceptive training along with motor imageryGroup 3 Conventional therapyOUTCOME MEASURES Berg Balance Scale RESULT The study aimed to provide reference data for planning the rehabilitation of stroke patients, by comparing the effects of proprioceptive training with motor imagery and conventional proprioceptive training performed for 8 weeks. Result of the study indicated that there was significant effect of mental imagery and proprioceptive training on balance ability of stroke patients. The changes of the motor imagery training group were better than those of the other 2 groups.CONCLUSION In this clinical trial, our findings suggests significant improvement in balance in sub acute stroke patients when given motor imagery training along with proprioceptive training, conventional therapy and proprioceptive training alone.On the basis of current results, it was also concluded that, the motor imagery training along with proprioceptive training group showed a noticeable better effect on balance than those of other two groups. Kshanaprava Dash | Mr. Rama Kumar Sahu "An Efficacy Study on Improving Balance in Subacute Stroke Patients by Proprioceptive Training with Additional Motor Imagery" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38382.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38382/an-efficacy-study-on-improving-balance-in-subacute-stroke-patients-by-proprioceptive-training-with-additional-motor-imagery/kshanaprava-dash
Neurofeedback as Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder-MOK wahedi
ABSTRACT
Background
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder and symptoms are considered to be due to brain deregulation and dysfunction in multiple regions of the brain. There is no cure for autism and the management guidelines are defined to reduce the symptoms and reinstitute normal functioning in life. Neurofeedback is one of these methods in treating children with Autism. Several studies have shown that individuals with autism are able to alter their brain activity in specific frequency bands through the use of neurofeedback which induces prolong changes in autism symptoms, cognitive functioning and long-term changes in EEG. Neurofeedback is a way of training the brain to use more productive patterns of brainwaves which teaches the brain to self-regulate, strengthening neural pathways while increasing mental endurance and flexibility
Objective
To observe the effect of Neurofeedback Treatment in Children with ASD in areas of speech, language, communication, sociability, sensory ,cognitive awareness, health, physical and behaviors
Methods and Materials
It is a descriptive longitudinal study with purposive sampling done from January 2018 to March 2020 among children diagnosed with ASD who underwent Neurofeedback training for at least 80 sessions. 70% were boys 30% were girls. Assessment was done by Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21
Result
The study showed Improvements in all ATEC Evaluation Categories in Speech, Language, and communication39.1%, Sociability53.7%, Sensory and Cognitive awareness56.8%, and in Health, Physical, and Behaviors58%
Conclusion
The study shows marked improvement in all 4 specific Areas of evaluation of ATEC after Neurofeedback training of children with Autism. Since Autism has no specific cure and neurofeedback has its efficacy without any untoward effects may be used as a treatment option for Autism
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
The Importance of Community Nursing Care.pdfAD Healthcare
NDIS and Community 24/7 Nursing Care is a specific type of support that may be provided under the NDIS for individuals with complex medical needs who require ongoing nursing care in a community setting, such as their home or a supported accommodation facility.
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
3. O bjectives
1. Understand cerebellar ataxia linking symptoms to neuroanatomy.
2. Discuss specific physical therapy evaluation measures for cerebellar
ataxia based on currentresearch.
3. Provide examples of specific clinical interventions for cerebellar ataxia
based on available evidence.
4. Utilize a case study to further improve understanding of translating
cerebellarataxia researchinto clinical practice.
3
4. What is Ataxia?
“Incoordinationof movement
followingdamage of the sensoryor
cerebellum system.”(Bastian AJ, 1997)
Greek – “disorderly”or “without
order”
Commonly associated with disease
pathology of the cerebellum, but it
can stem from other areas
www.ataxi a.org
4
5. Role of Cerebellum
Main Functions
Coordination
Movementquality
Other Functions
Motor learning
Motor control
Automaticity
Posture
Balance
Cognition
5
6. Motor Control and Motor Learning
Motor Control
Ability to regulatemechanisms
essentialfor movement
Involves initiating, directing, and
grading movement
Planexecutionfine tuning
(Cerebellum)
Motor Learning
Process by which a new motor task
is acquired
Requires practice
Cerebellum plays a critical role
Levels of mastery (automaticity)
Optimization facilitates outcomes
(Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott M; 2007) (Kitago T, et al 2013)
6
13. Vestibulocerebellar Functions
Enhancesbalance by coordinating postural adjustments(anticipatoryand
compensatory)
Controls eye movementsvia VOR’s
Dysfunction
Imbalance
Disequilibrium
Nystagmus
Truncal ataxia
Significant swaying during standing, staggering during gait
Fall
Slide used with permission from Dr. James Lin
13
14. Spinocerebellum
Coordination of synergistic movementpatterns needed for specific task
Particularly movements of proximal limb and trunk
Detectsand aids in adjustment of movementsrelative to desired vs actual
Dysfunctions
Dyssyngeria
Dysmetria
Lock of movement check (rebound)
Ataxia of gait and stance
Slide used with permission from Dr. James Lin
14