urai -origin &development

1. ciuapd; Njhw;wKk;
tsh;r;rpAk;
ciuapd; Njhw;wKk;
tsh;r;rpAk;
Kidth; gh.ehfN[hjp

2. ;
• E}y; muq;Nfw;wk
• ciu ,y;yhj fhyk;
• nrtpr;nry;tk;
• Tha;nkhopapd; nry;thf;F
• ciuapd; tsh;r;rp
• typait tho;T ngwy;
• ciuf;F ciu
• E}y; muq;Nfw;wk
• ciu ,y;yhj fhyk;
• nrtpr;nry;tk;
• Tha;nkhopapd; nry;thf;F
• ciuapd; tsh;r;rp
• typait tho;T ngwy;
• ciuf;F ciu

3. ciuapd; gy gb epiyfs;
• nra;As; tbt ciufs;
• E}yhrphpaNu vOjpa ciufs;.
• kWg;Giu
• ciu vOjhf; nfhs;if
• njhFj;Jf; fhZjy;
• nra;As; tbt ciufs;
• E}yhrphpaNu vOjpa ciufs;.
• kWg;Giu
• ciu vOjhf; nfhs;if
• njhFj;Jf; fhZjy;

4. E}y; muq;Nfw;wk;

5. ciu ,y;yhj fhyk;
• “ ciuapd;wp #j;jpuj;jhNd nghUs;
epfo;e;j fhyKk; cz;L “
• ‘fw;wypd; Nfl;lNy ed;W “
• nre;jkpOk; ehg;gof;fk;
• vOJ fUtpfs; -gidNahiyfs; -vOjj;
jilaha; tpsq;fpd.
• “ ciuapd;wp #j;jpuj;jhNd nghUs;
epfo;e;j fhyKk; cz;L “
• ‘fw;wypd; Nfl;lNy ed;W “
• nre;jkpOk; ehg;gof;fk;
• vOJ fUtpfs; -gidNahiyfs; -vOjj;
jilaha; tpsq;fpd.

6. nrtpr;nry;tk; - tha;nkhopapd;
nry;thf;F
• Mrphpah; - -------------- khzth;
• fw;wwpe;Njhh; ----------- gpwh;
• Gyik kpf;fth; -------- nghJkf;fs;
• je;ij ---- kfd;
• Kd;Ndhh; -------- gpd;Ndhh;
• ,iwadhh; fstpay; ciu gy
jiyKiwfs; tha;nkhopahf toq;fp
te;jJ.
• Mrphpah; - -------------- khzth;
• fw;wwpe;Njhh; ----------- gpwh;
• Gyik kpf;fth; -------- nghJkf;fs;
• je;ij ---- kfd;
• Kd;Ndhh; -------- gpd;Ndhh;
• ,iwadhh; fstpay; ciu gy
jiyKiwfs; tha;nkhopahf toq;fp
te;jJ.

7. nra;As; tbt ciufs;
• mfehD}W - mftw;ghthy; Md ciu
• jpUf;Fws; -- rpNde;jpu ntz;gh>
jpUkiy ntz;gh> jpUg;Gy;yhzp
khiy>jpUf;Fws; FkNur ntz;gh
• ed;D}y; --- tpUj;jg;ghtpy; ciu
• FWe;njhif -- ghujpjhrd;
• Kj;njhs;shapuk; --- fz;zjhrd;
• mfehD}W - mftw;ghthy; Md ciu
• jpUf;Fws; -- rpNde;jpu ntz;gh>
jpUkiy ntz;gh> jpUg;Gy;yhzp
khiy>jpUf;Fws; FkNur ntz;gh
• ed;D}y; --- tpUj;jg;ghtpy; ciu
• FWe;njhif -- ghujpjhrd;
• Kj;njhs;shapuk; --- fz;zjhrd;

8. E}yhrphpaNu vOjpa ciufs;
• Tlnkhopapy; ,k;kuG cz;L
• jkpopy; fhy;Nfhs; nra;jth; --Iadhhpjdhh;
• Gwg;nghUs; ntz;gh khiy - E}y; .ciu
• Mfg;nghUs; tpsf;fk; - ehw;ftpuhr
ek;gp – 13 Mk; E}w;whz;L
• gpuNahf tpNtfk; -- Rg;gpukzpa jPl;rpjh;
,yf;fz E}y; > 17Mk; E}w;whz;L
• Tlnkhopapy; ,k;kuG cz;L
• jkpopy; fhy;Nfhs; nra;jth; --Iadhhpjdhh;
• Gwg;nghUs; ntz;gh khiy - E}y; .ciu
• Mfg;nghUs; tpsf;fk; - ehw;ftpuhr
ek;gp – 13 Mk; E}w;whz;L
• gpuNahf tpNtfk; -- Rg;gpukzpa jPl;rpjh;
,yf;fz E}y; > 17Mk; E}w;whz;L

9. E}yhrphpaNu vOjpa ciufs
• ,yf;fz tpsf;fk; - itj;jpa ehj
Njrpfh;
• ,yf;fzf; nfhj;J - rhkpehj Njrpfh;
• Ghhp fhij - ,uhft Iaq;fhh;
• Gjpa Mj;jpr;#b - ghujpjhrd;
• nrftPu ghz;badhh; - FkNur ntz;gh
• ,yf;fz tpsf;fk; - itj;jpa ehj
Njrpfh;
• ,yf;fzf; nfhj;J - rhkpehj Njrpfh;
• Ghhp fhij - ,uhft Iaq;fhh;
• Gjpa Mj;jpr;#b - ghujpjhrd;
• nrftPu ghz;badhh; - FkNur ntz;gh

10. kWg;Giu
• jkpopy; xNu xU kWg;G E}y;
• itj;jpa ehj Njrpfh; - ,yf;fz tpsf;fk;
• kWg;Giu
• ,yf;fz tpsf;fr; #whtsp
• rptQhd Kdpth;
• jkpopy; xNu xU kWg;G E}y;
• itj;jpa ehj Njrpfh; - ,yf;fz tpsf;fk;
• kWg;Giu
• ,yf;fz tpsf;fr; #whtsp
• rptQhd Kdpth;

11. KbTiu
• ciu vOjhf; nfhs;if
• njhFj;Jf; fhZjy;
• Gjpa Kaw;rpfs;