2. Rehabilitation Introduction
• Is the whole process of restoring a disabled person to a
condition in which he is able, as early as possible, to
resume a normal life.
• Rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary approach aimed at
restoring or enhancing a person's functional abilities,
independence, and quality of life after experiencing
illness, injury, or disability.
3. Definition
• Rehabilitation can be defined as the process of restoring a
person's physical, mental, or cognitive abilities to their optimal
level, or compensating for lost abilities, to enable them to
participate fully in activities of daily living and society.
• WHO “a set of interventions designed to optimize functioning
and reduce disability in individuals with health conditions in
interaction with their environment”
• Rehabilitation is defined as the process of combined and
coordinated use of medical / vocational/ social / psychological
measures for enabling individuals to attain the highest possible
level of positive health and thus achieve social integration
4. Key Components of Rehabilitation
1.Physical Rehabilitation:
1. Focuses on restoring physical function through exercises, therapies, and
medical interventions.
2.Psychological Rehabilitation:
1. Addresses mental health challenges and promotes emotional well-being
through counseling, therapy, and support services.
3.Social Rehabilitation:
1. Facilitates reintegration into social roles and communities, addressing social
stigma and promoting inclusion.
4.Vocational Rehabilitation:
1. Assists individuals in returning to or finding suitable employment, providing
training, job placement, and accommodations.
5. Goals of Rehabilitation
• Enhance functional abilities
• Improve independence in daily activities
• Promote psychological well-being
• Facilitate social integration
• Support vocational and educational pursuits
6. Benefits of Rehabilitation
• Improved quality of life
• Increased independence and autonomy
• Enhanced self-esteem and confidence
• Reduced healthcare costs
• Social and economic participation
7. Principles of Rehabilitation
• Rehabilitation is guided by fundamental principles that inform
the delivery of effective and person-centered care to individuals
with disabilities or health conditions. promoting optimal
functioning and quality of life.
• Rehabilitation is founded on the philosophy that every person
has the right to be in charge of their health and that they also
have inherent worth.
• The following are the key principles that underpin effective
rehabilitation practices, emphasizing the importance of a
holistic, individualized, and interdisciplinary approach to care.
8. Promote Adaptation
• The challenges that accompany impairments and loss of
function are often overwhelming for the patient and often
include physical, social and emotional challenges.
• creating a sense of adaptation in the patient increases their
level of self-confidence and improves their acceptance of their
self-image and adjustment to roles following health challenges.
9. Emphasise Abilities
• Rehabilitation emphasises an optimistic perspective for
individuals who have undergone different health challenges
based on life-altering conditions.
• Therefore, rehabilitation focuses not on what is lost but what
can be regained and achieved through mutual goal-setting by
the rehabilitation professional and the individual.
10. Treat the Whole Person
• A foundation principle in rehabilitation is a holistic approach to
treatment.
• It has to be remembered at all times that an individual is being
treated and not the disease.
• This means that an individual's preferences, background,
culture, religious beliefs, social support, physical abilities,
developmental stages, psychology must be considered as plans
of care are being developed by the rehabilitation team
members.
11. Time
• The impact of time on rehabilitation has been widely studied
from the best period to commence rehabilitation to the duration
necessary for rehabilitation to achieve the greatest benefits.
• Broadly time is important in rehabilitation.
• Early commencement of rehabilitation can reduce the risk of
readmission for certain conditions and spurs growth and
development in younger patients
12. Educate
• Education is the vital aspect of the rehabilitation process
throughout all stages that ensure the individual and their
support structures have to set realistic expectations.
• Education of the individual in rehabilitation enables that person
to assume responsibility for their health, promotes patient-
centred care, and promotes the greatest level of independence
in activities and involvement in rehabilitation plans.
13. People Centred Care
• An approach to care that consciously adopts individuals, caregivers,
families and communities perspectives as participants in and beneficiaries
of trusted health systems that are organised around the comprehensive
needs of people rather than individual diseases and respects social
preferences.
• People-centred care also requires that patients have the education and
support they need to make decisions and participate in their own care and
that caregivers are able to attain maximal function within a supportive
working environment.
• People-centred care is broader than patient and person-centred care,
encompassing not only clinical encounters but also including attention to
the health of people in their communities and their crucial role in shaping
health policy and health services.
14. • A: Avoid aggravation. It is important not to aggravate the injury during the
rehabilitation process. Therapeutic exercise, if administered incorrectly or
potential to exacerbate the injury, that is, make it worse. The primary concern of
program is to advance the injured individual gradually and steadily and to keep
• T: Timing. The therapeutic exercise portion of the rehabilitation program should
begin as soon as possible—that is, as soon as it can occur without causing
can begin the exercise portion of the rehabilitation program, the sooner they can
Following injury, rest is sometimes necessary, but too much rest can actually be
• C: Compliance. Without a compliant patient, the rehabilitation program will not
be successful. To ensure compliance, it is important to inform the patient of the
the expected course of rehabilitation. Patients are more compliant when they are
they will be following, the work they will have to do, and the components of the
15. • I: Individualization. Each person responds differently to an injury and to the
subsequent rehabilitation program. It is first necessary to recognize that each
physiological and chemical differences profoundly affect a patient's specific
• S: Specific sequencing. A therapeutic exercise program should follow a specific
sequence of events. This specific sequence is determined by the body's
is briefly addressed in the next section of this chapter.
• I: Intensity. The intensity level of the therapeutic exercise program must
challenge the patient and the injured area but at the same time must not cause
• T: Total patient. You must consider the total patient in the rehabilitation process.
It is important for the unaffected areas of the body to stay finely tuned. The
the rehabilitation program, not just the injured area.
