TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript that adds optional static typing and type inference. It transpiles to JavaScript for browser compatibility while allowing for better autocomplete, refactoring, documentation and catching errors during development. TypeScript scales to large code bases and is adopted due to its open source licensing, Microsoft backing and built-in support in IDEs like WebStorm and Visual Studio Code. Tutorials provide guidance on migration and demonstrate TypeScript through code examples in a travel cloud project.

1. TypeScript

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TypeScript Characteristics
● JavaScript superset.
● Transpiles to ES6 or ES5
● Optionally static typing and type inference
● JavaScript code is valid TypeScript code
● Strict null checks

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Why TypeScript?
● Better autocomplete and refactoring IDE support
● Declare intent and better source code documentation
● Scales better in large code bases
● Catch errors while coding
● Adoption (Apache 2 licensed, backed by Microsoft)
● WebStorm and Visual Studio Code support out of the box

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Tutorials and Examples
● TypeScript Migration guide
● Introduction video
● Travel cloud project and code examples