TypeScript 3.4 introduced several new features including an incremental flag for faster builds, support for converted 'named' parameters during refactoring, marking arrays and tuples as readonly, using const assertions to assert types, and a globalThis object for global scope references. The document also discusses transpiling TypeScript to JavaScript, features from ES2016 through ES2018, and links to resources about the json2csv library and Thiago da Silva Adriano's GitHub profile.