Presentation at invited workshop "DIGITAL RESEARCH RESOURCES IN THE ARTS AND HUMANITIES - Achievements and Prospects for Future Collaboration" held at King’s College London, 25 July 2012
eMuseum Network is a search and collaboration platform designed and hosted by Gallery Systems. The project enables member museums to share their collections catalogues and to search and export data across all participating collections from a single access point, in a share-and-share-alike fashion. This presentation will give an overview of the project and how Gallery Systems plans to provide a path for museums to participate in the Linked Data Initiative.
This document summarizes composting facilities and operations in Minnesota. It finds that Minnesota leads the nation in municipal solid waste composting, with over one-third of operating composting systems. The facilities in Minnesota range in size from 50-250 tons per day and represent a variety of technologies and feedstocks. Source separation of non-compostables by households improves compost quality. A training program on sampling techniques will improve consistency and reliability of compost samples over time.
Yovia is looking for beta customers to test their new product. Interested customers should contact Jalali Hartman, CEO of Yovia, at jhartman@yovia.com to receive early access and provide feedback before the official launch.
Yovia is looking for beta customers to test their new product. Interested customers should contact Jalali Hartman, CEO of Yovia, at jhartman@yovia.com to receive early access and provide feedback before the official launch.
The document discusses the evolving meaning of the term "open" in technology. It traces the term from its origins in "free software" to the introduction of "open source" in 1998. Today, open has taken on many related meanings around concepts like open source software, open standards, open APIs, and open communities. However, the document notes there remains confusion around what open means due to its varied usages. It questions whether providing greater clarity around what open means could help with positioning, measuring openness, and incentivizing more open practices.
Creating Communities of Interest Around Museum Collections IntroEffie Kapsalis
The document discusses creating communities of interest around library, archive, and museum collections by leveraging those institutions' unique qualities of quantity, authenticity, and curation compared to other online sources. It outlines the large amounts of user-generated content on sites like YouTube, Facebook, and Flickr, then presents a workshop agenda to share case studies from the Smithsonian of developing communities through their digital collections and hold small group discussions.
Presentation at invited workshop "DIGITAL RESEARCH RESOURCES IN THE ARTS AND HUMANITIES - Achievements and Prospects for Future Collaboration" held at King’s College London, 25 July 2012
eMuseum Network is a search and collaboration platform designed and hosted by Gallery Systems. The project enables member museums to share their collections catalogues and to search and export data across all participating collections from a single access point, in a share-and-share-alike fashion. This presentation will give an overview of the project and how Gallery Systems plans to provide a path for museums to participate in the Linked Data Initiative.
This document summarizes composting facilities and operations in Minnesota. It finds that Minnesota leads the nation in municipal solid waste composting, with over one-third of operating composting systems. The facilities in Minnesota range in size from 50-250 tons per day and represent a variety of technologies and feedstocks. Source separation of non-compostables by households improves compost quality. A training program on sampling techniques will improve consistency and reliability of compost samples over time.
Yovia is looking for beta customers to test their new product. Interested customers should contact Jalali Hartman, CEO of Yovia, at jhartman@yovia.com to receive early access and provide feedback before the official launch.
Yovia is looking for beta customers to test their new product. Interested customers should contact Jalali Hartman, CEO of Yovia, at jhartman@yovia.com to receive early access and provide feedback before the official launch.
The document discusses the evolving meaning of the term "open" in technology. It traces the term from its origins in "free software" to the introduction of "open source" in 1998. Today, open has taken on many related meanings around concepts like open source software, open standards, open APIs, and open communities. However, the document notes there remains confusion around what open means due to its varied usages. It questions whether providing greater clarity around what open means could help with positioning, measuring openness, and incentivizing more open practices.
Creating Communities of Interest Around Museum Collections IntroEffie Kapsalis
The document discusses creating communities of interest around library, archive, and museum collections by leveraging those institutions' unique qualities of quantity, authenticity, and curation compared to other online sources. It outlines the large amounts of user-generated content on sites like YouTube, Facebook, and Flickr, then presents a workshop agenda to share case studies from the Smithsonian of developing communities through their digital collections and hold small group discussions.
\n\nThe document outlines plans to develop a traveling historical exhibit titled "Lifting the Smoke Screen: The History of Cigarettes Smoking in the US". The exhibit will detail the rise and fall of cigarette smoking and the lung cancer epidemic in the 20th century US. It will be displayed at public health conferences in 2012. The portable exhibit will use a timeline to show key tobacco industry and public health events between 1900-2012. The goal is to keep tobacco control issues in the public discussion and support interventions to reduce smoking.
This document discusses the growing popularity and health risks of waterpipe tobacco smoking, particularly among college students and young people. It provides evidence that waterpipe smoking delivers significant levels of toxic compounds and nicotine, posing serious health risks similar to cigarette smoking. While initially popular in the Middle East, waterpipe use is increasing globally and in the United States, where it is seen as a social and relaxing activity. However, studies show waterpipe tobacco smoking can lead to addiction and dependence on nicotine, as well as various cancers and respiratory diseases. The document warns that without interventions, waterpipe use among youth and on college campuses in the US risks sparking a major epidemic of tobacco use.
The document summarizes an exhibit on the history of tobacco use from its origins among indigenous peoples in the Americas to its modern form as a mass-market consumer product and public health issue. It traces tobacco's introduction to Europe, its cultivation and commercialization in the American colonies and the origins of major tobacco companies in the 1800s. It then details the development of the modern cigarette industry in the late 19th century, the rise of mass marketing in the 1900s, and the growing scientific evidence and public health responses to the health hazards of smoking from the 1950s onward.
This newsletter provides updates on the activities of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project in April 2011. It announces that Lisa Hickman and Amanda Duncan have been hired as new project managers for the ITC India/Bangladesh/Mauritius/SE Asia and Four Country/Brazil surveys, respectively. It also summarizes presentations given at the European Conference on Tobacco or Health in Amsterdam and publications in March 2011, including papers, reports, and videos produced.
This newsletter provides updates on the activities of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project in April 2011. It announces that Lisa Hickman and Amanda Duncan have been hired as new project managers for the ITC India/Bangladesh/Mauritius/SE Asia and Four Country/Brazil surveys, respectively. It also summarizes presentations given at the 5th European Conference on Tobacco or Health in Amsterdam and releases of new publications and reports.
This document summarizes a study examining how socioeconomic status influences the price minimizing behaviors of smokers. The study analyzed data from over 7,000 smokers across 4 countries (Canada, US, UK, Australia) who participated in the International Tobacco Control survey between 2006-2007. The study found that relatively common price avoidance strategies included purchasing discount brands (36%), roll-your-own tobacco (13.5%), cartons of cigarettes (29%), or obtaining cigarettes from low/untaxed sources (8%). Lower socioeconomic smokers were more likely to use discount brands but less likely to purchase from low-tax sources or in cartons. Overall, lower socioeconomic smokers engaged in at least one price avoidance behavior more than higher socioeconomic smokers
This document discusses the implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system at JTI, the world's third largest tobacco company, to help integrate its global operations. The ERP project, using SAP software, was launched in three waves over four years involving 700 employees. It aimed to introduce common global processes and systems to help coordinate efforts across regions and speed up operations. The HR role was crucial for change management to help employees adapt to the new system and ensure business adoption and ultimate benefit realization from the ERP implementation.
The document discusses the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC Project). The ITC Project conducts international cohort surveys to evaluate the impact of tobacco control policies outlined in the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). It surveys over 50% of the world's population, 60% of smokers, and 70% of tobacco users in 20 countries. The ITC Project aims to provide evidence to guide strong implementation of FCTC policies and disseminates its findings to support the global fight against the tobacco epidemic.
Varenicline became available as a prescription stop smoking medication between 2006-2008 in the US, UK, Canada, and Australia. This study uses survey data to examine trends in stop smoking medication use in these countries during this period. The study finds that overall use of stop smoking medications increased significantly in all four countries. Varenicline became the second most used medication behind NRT. Varenicline use increased substantially, from 0.4% to 21.7% in the US and 0% to 14.8% in Canada. Males and non-whites were less likely to use medications while more educated smokers were more likely. The introduction of varenicline appears to have increased overall medication use rather than
This document summarizes research examining the impact of menthol cigarettes on smoking initiation among young females in Japan. It finds that after foreign tobacco companies entered Japan's market in the 1980s, they intentionally marketed menthol brands to increase initiation among young women. Menthol's "cooling" effect masks irritation and facilitates inhalation. The menthol market share in Japan rose from under 1% in 1980 to over 20% by 2009, with menthol brands dominating use by younger and female smokers. Nationally representative surveys confirm industry data and provide evidence that increased female smoking in Japan resulted from tobacco industry marketing of menthol brands.
This study evaluated the impact of new graphic health warnings on cigarette packs in Malaysia compared to the existing text-only warnings. 140 adult male smokers viewed either mockups of the graphic warnings or packs with the text warnings and completed surveys before and after. Exposure to the graphic warnings resulted in increased awareness of smoking risks, stronger responses to the warnings, and greater interest in quitting smoking compared to the text warnings. The findings suggest the graphic warnings will enhance smokers' knowledge of health effects and positively impact quit intentions when implemented in Malaysia.
Tobacco use and poverty are linked in a vicious cycle. Tobacco consumption is higher among poorer populations, and tobacco contributes to poverty in several ways. It reduces household spending on basic needs as money is spent on tobacco. Tobacco also increases health costs due to tobacco-related illnesses. Farming tobacco can also contribute to poverty through child labor, health hazards from cultivation, and debt to tobacco companies. National economies also suffer losses from tobacco through increased health costs and lost productivity. Overall, tobacco harms individuals, families and countries financially while tobacco companies profit greatly. Breaking this cycle requires effective tobacco control policies.
This document provides a civil society report on the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in Latin America and the Caribbean. It summarizes the key progress made in tobacco control efforts, such as increased tobacco taxes and smoke-free laws. However, it also notes ongoing challenges, such as non-compliance with advertising bans and illicit tobacco trade. The report aims to assess progress and obstacles faced in ratifying countries based on information from regional contacts, analyzed according to FCTC standards and guidelines.
This document summarizes a study that examined the effectiveness of tobacco marketing regulations in reducing smokers' exposure to advertising and promotion in 4 countries (UK, Canada, Australia, US) based on data from 2002-2008. The study found that tobacco marketing regulations were associated with significant short-term and long-term reductions in reported awareness of tobacco marketing, with the greatest reductions immediately after regulations. However, some exposure remained, especially to in-store marketing and price promotions. The effectiveness of regulations generally did not differ between socioeconomic groups, though some exceptions were noted.
This document discusses the harms of cigarette smoking and the pharmacist's role in addressing the tobacco epidemic. It notes that smoking has caused over 12 million deaths in the US since 1964 and is a leading cause of heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD and other illnesses. Smoking also increases health risks and mortality for conditions like diabetes. In addition, secondhand smoke exposure harms non-smokers. The document outlines strategies for smoking cessation like nicotine replacement therapy and counseling. It argues pharmacists should educate the public about smoking health risks and promotion by tobacco companies to help reduce smoking prevalence.
This very short document contains a single word, "cvs", repeated multiple times followed by the word "Rite aid". It provides no other context or information.
This document summarizes research examining the impact of menthol cigarettes on smoking initiation among young females in Japan. It finds that after foreign tobacco companies entered Japan's market in the 1980s, they intentionally marketed menthol brands to increase initiation among young women. Menthol's "cooling" effect masks irritation and facilitates inhalation. The menthol market share in Japan rose from under 1% in 1980 to over 20% by 2009, with menthol brands dominating use by younger and female smokers. Nationally representative surveys confirm industry data and provide evidence that increased female smoking in Japan resulted from tobacco industry marketing of menthol brands.
This document summarizes a study that examined how socioeconomic status influences the behaviors smokers use to minimize the costs of tobacco products when prices increase. The study analyzed data from over 8,000 smokers across 4 countries. It found that while many smokers engage in cost-cutting behaviors like buying discount brands, in bulk, or from untaxed sources, the specific strategies differed by socioeconomic status. Lower-SES smokers were more likely to use discount brands, while higher-SES smokers were more likely to purchase from low-tax locations or in bulk. Overall, lower-SES smokers were slightly more likely to engage in at least one cost-minimizing behavior. The strategies used by lower-SES smokers, like discount brands, could be more
This study evaluated the impact of new graphic health warnings on cigarette packs in Malaysia compared to the existing text-only warnings. 140 adult male smokers viewed either mockups of the graphic warnings or packs with the text warnings and completed surveys before and after. Exposure to the graphic warnings resulted in increased awareness of smoking risks, stronger responses to the warnings, and greater interest in quitting smoking compared to the text warnings. The findings suggest the graphic warnings will enhance smokers' knowledge of health effects and positively impact quit intentions when implemented in Malaysia.
\n\nThe document outlines plans to develop a traveling historical exhibit titled "Lifting the Smoke Screen: The History of Cigarettes Smoking in the US". The exhibit will detail the rise and fall of cigarette smoking and the lung cancer epidemic in the 20th century US. It will be displayed at public health conferences in 2012. The portable exhibit will use a timeline to show key tobacco industry and public health events between 1900-2012. The goal is to keep tobacco control issues in the public discussion and support interventions to reduce smoking.
This document discusses the growing popularity and health risks of waterpipe tobacco smoking, particularly among college students and young people. It provides evidence that waterpipe smoking delivers significant levels of toxic compounds and nicotine, posing serious health risks similar to cigarette smoking. While initially popular in the Middle East, waterpipe use is increasing globally and in the United States, where it is seen as a social and relaxing activity. However, studies show waterpipe tobacco smoking can lead to addiction and dependence on nicotine, as well as various cancers and respiratory diseases. The document warns that without interventions, waterpipe use among youth and on college campuses in the US risks sparking a major epidemic of tobacco use.
The document summarizes an exhibit on the history of tobacco use from its origins among indigenous peoples in the Americas to its modern form as a mass-market consumer product and public health issue. It traces tobacco's introduction to Europe, its cultivation and commercialization in the American colonies and the origins of major tobacco companies in the 1800s. It then details the development of the modern cigarette industry in the late 19th century, the rise of mass marketing in the 1900s, and the growing scientific evidence and public health responses to the health hazards of smoking from the 1950s onward.
This newsletter provides updates on the activities of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project in April 2011. It announces that Lisa Hickman and Amanda Duncan have been hired as new project managers for the ITC India/Bangladesh/Mauritius/SE Asia and Four Country/Brazil surveys, respectively. It also summarizes presentations given at the European Conference on Tobacco or Health in Amsterdam and publications in March 2011, including papers, reports, and videos produced.
This newsletter provides updates on the activities of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project in April 2011. It announces that Lisa Hickman and Amanda Duncan have been hired as new project managers for the ITC India/Bangladesh/Mauritius/SE Asia and Four Country/Brazil surveys, respectively. It also summarizes presentations given at the 5th European Conference on Tobacco or Health in Amsterdam and releases of new publications and reports.
This document summarizes a study examining how socioeconomic status influences the price minimizing behaviors of smokers. The study analyzed data from over 7,000 smokers across 4 countries (Canada, US, UK, Australia) who participated in the International Tobacco Control survey between 2006-2007. The study found that relatively common price avoidance strategies included purchasing discount brands (36%), roll-your-own tobacco (13.5%), cartons of cigarettes (29%), or obtaining cigarettes from low/untaxed sources (8%). Lower socioeconomic smokers were more likely to use discount brands but less likely to purchase from low-tax sources or in cartons. Overall, lower socioeconomic smokers engaged in at least one price avoidance behavior more than higher socioeconomic smokers
This document discusses the implementation of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system at JTI, the world's third largest tobacco company, to help integrate its global operations. The ERP project, using SAP software, was launched in three waves over four years involving 700 employees. It aimed to introduce common global processes and systems to help coordinate efforts across regions and speed up operations. The HR role was crucial for change management to help employees adapt to the new system and ensure business adoption and ultimate benefit realization from the ERP implementation.
The document discusses the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC Project). The ITC Project conducts international cohort surveys to evaluate the impact of tobacco control policies outlined in the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). It surveys over 50% of the world's population, 60% of smokers, and 70% of tobacco users in 20 countries. The ITC Project aims to provide evidence to guide strong implementation of FCTC policies and disseminates its findings to support the global fight against the tobacco epidemic.
Varenicline became available as a prescription stop smoking medication between 2006-2008 in the US, UK, Canada, and Australia. This study uses survey data to examine trends in stop smoking medication use in these countries during this period. The study finds that overall use of stop smoking medications increased significantly in all four countries. Varenicline became the second most used medication behind NRT. Varenicline use increased substantially, from 0.4% to 21.7% in the US and 0% to 14.8% in Canada. Males and non-whites were less likely to use medications while more educated smokers were more likely. The introduction of varenicline appears to have increased overall medication use rather than
This document summarizes research examining the impact of menthol cigarettes on smoking initiation among young females in Japan. It finds that after foreign tobacco companies entered Japan's market in the 1980s, they intentionally marketed menthol brands to increase initiation among young women. Menthol's "cooling" effect masks irritation and facilitates inhalation. The menthol market share in Japan rose from under 1% in 1980 to over 20% by 2009, with menthol brands dominating use by younger and female smokers. Nationally representative surveys confirm industry data and provide evidence that increased female smoking in Japan resulted from tobacco industry marketing of menthol brands.
This study evaluated the impact of new graphic health warnings on cigarette packs in Malaysia compared to the existing text-only warnings. 140 adult male smokers viewed either mockups of the graphic warnings or packs with the text warnings and completed surveys before and after. Exposure to the graphic warnings resulted in increased awareness of smoking risks, stronger responses to the warnings, and greater interest in quitting smoking compared to the text warnings. The findings suggest the graphic warnings will enhance smokers' knowledge of health effects and positively impact quit intentions when implemented in Malaysia.
Tobacco use and poverty are linked in a vicious cycle. Tobacco consumption is higher among poorer populations, and tobacco contributes to poverty in several ways. It reduces household spending on basic needs as money is spent on tobacco. Tobacco also increases health costs due to tobacco-related illnesses. Farming tobacco can also contribute to poverty through child labor, health hazards from cultivation, and debt to tobacco companies. National economies also suffer losses from tobacco through increased health costs and lost productivity. Overall, tobacco harms individuals, families and countries financially while tobacco companies profit greatly. Breaking this cycle requires effective tobacco control policies.
This document provides a civil society report on the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in Latin America and the Caribbean. It summarizes the key progress made in tobacco control efforts, such as increased tobacco taxes and smoke-free laws. However, it also notes ongoing challenges, such as non-compliance with advertising bans and illicit tobacco trade. The report aims to assess progress and obstacles faced in ratifying countries based on information from regional contacts, analyzed according to FCTC standards and guidelines.
This document summarizes a study that examined the effectiveness of tobacco marketing regulations in reducing smokers' exposure to advertising and promotion in 4 countries (UK, Canada, Australia, US) based on data from 2002-2008. The study found that tobacco marketing regulations were associated with significant short-term and long-term reductions in reported awareness of tobacco marketing, with the greatest reductions immediately after regulations. However, some exposure remained, especially to in-store marketing and price promotions. The effectiveness of regulations generally did not differ between socioeconomic groups, though some exceptions were noted.
This document discusses the harms of cigarette smoking and the pharmacist's role in addressing the tobacco epidemic. It notes that smoking has caused over 12 million deaths in the US since 1964 and is a leading cause of heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD and other illnesses. Smoking also increases health risks and mortality for conditions like diabetes. In addition, secondhand smoke exposure harms non-smokers. The document outlines strategies for smoking cessation like nicotine replacement therapy and counseling. It argues pharmacists should educate the public about smoking health risks and promotion by tobacco companies to help reduce smoking prevalence.
This very short document contains a single word, "cvs", repeated multiple times followed by the word "Rite aid". It provides no other context or information.
This document summarizes research examining the impact of menthol cigarettes on smoking initiation among young females in Japan. It finds that after foreign tobacco companies entered Japan's market in the 1980s, they intentionally marketed menthol brands to increase initiation among young women. Menthol's "cooling" effect masks irritation and facilitates inhalation. The menthol market share in Japan rose from under 1% in 1980 to over 20% by 2009, with menthol brands dominating use by younger and female smokers. Nationally representative surveys confirm industry data and provide evidence that increased female smoking in Japan resulted from tobacco industry marketing of menthol brands.
This document summarizes a study that examined how socioeconomic status influences the behaviors smokers use to minimize the costs of tobacco products when prices increase. The study analyzed data from over 8,000 smokers across 4 countries. It found that while many smokers engage in cost-cutting behaviors like buying discount brands, in bulk, or from untaxed sources, the specific strategies differed by socioeconomic status. Lower-SES smokers were more likely to use discount brands, while higher-SES smokers were more likely to purchase from low-tax locations or in bulk. Overall, lower-SES smokers were slightly more likely to engage in at least one cost-minimizing behavior. The strategies used by lower-SES smokers, like discount brands, could be more
This study evaluated the impact of new graphic health warnings on cigarette packs in Malaysia compared to the existing text-only warnings. 140 adult male smokers viewed either mockups of the graphic warnings or packs with the text warnings and completed surveys before and after. Exposure to the graphic warnings resulted in increased awareness of smoking risks, stronger responses to the warnings, and greater interest in quitting smoking compared to the text warnings. The findings suggest the graphic warnings will enhance smokers' knowledge of health effects and positively impact quit intentions when implemented in Malaysia.