TUI University
MAT 101 Nov 2012
Module 5 - SLP
Professor: Dr. Karonika
1. The cost of getting new life insurance depends on how old you are, and how old you are depends on what year you were born. Provide an example of a composite function using these variables.
2. The amount of time it takes to get to work depends on how much traffic there is, and the amount of traffic there is depends on what time of day it is. If we call the amount of traffic C and the time of day t, then C is a function of t. If we call the time it takes to get to work W, then W is a function of C. Provide an example of a composite function using these variables.
3. Make up your own example of a composite function. Be sure to explain (1) what your variables are, (2) how they are represented in the function, and (3) which elementary functions are combined to form the composite function.
4. Submit a one to two page paper describing which savings instrument you would prefer and why by the end of the module.
What Is Individualism? Page 1 of 4
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What Is Individualism?
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Individualism is an idea that has operated in numerous
countries for several hundred years or more. It is most often tied
to the United States, when Thomas Jefferson insisted the
government function as an entity that sought to serve the rights
and freedoms of the individual instead of to interfere with them
and provoked the authoring of the Bill of Rights. Jeffersonian
views were only partly individualist, however, since the Bill of
Rights did nothing to protect slaves or Native Americans. True
individualistic doctrine would oppose such a stance today.
Essentially, when a person endorses individualism, they believe
that the person's rights are far more important than the rights of
any collective group (government or society) provided those
rights are not exercised in a way that harms others. Exactly
what the definition of "harm" is, is a highly debatable issue. A
businessman who dumps pollutants into a lake might be viewed
as exercising harmful behavior or not, depending on
interpretation. Some individualists may argue against taxes
collected to serve the common good, the necessity of public
schooling, regulatory agencies established by governments, or
any laws that inhibit rights. They would especially oppose the
idea that society was a collective unit (often called collectivism),
and that people needed legislation to be responsible or to take
care of each other.
Interestingly, individualism is frequently associated with the
extreme right in the US, but this is not an easy marriage. While
the extreme right frequently seek ...
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My Career Goals Essay Example Free Essay Example. Essay About Career Plans And Goals. 011 Essay On Achieving Goal Impressive Personal Goals For Resume Yours .... 012 Essay Example My Goals Personal ~ Thatsnotus. Career goals essay. 004 Essay Example Goal Essays Setting Delp Ip Resear On Worksheet Time .... 024 Personal Goals Essay Goal Essays Career And Educational Examples .... Short Essay Samples About My Goals. Career goals Essay | Essay on Career goals for Students and Children in .... 004 Essay Example Professional Goals Career Goal Personal Statement .... College Essay Career Goals - Educational and Career Goals Essay Examples. 010 Winning Scholarship Essay Examples Example Educational And Career .... Essay on Career Goals [Edit & Download] ,Pdf. Goals Essay. 002 Essay Example Career Goals Examples Goal Sample Personification L ....
Critical Response Rubric:
Category 0 1 1.5 2
Timeliness
late On time
Delivery of Critical
Response
Utilizes poor
spelling and
grammar; appear
“hasty”
Errors in
spelling and
grammar
evidenced
Few
grammatical or
spelling errors
are noted
Consistently uses
grammatically
correct response
with rare
misspellings
Organization
Unorganized. A
summary of the
chapter.
Unorganized in
ideas and
structure.
Some evidence
of organization.
Unorganized in
either ideas or
structure.
Primarily
organized with
occasional lack
of organization
in either ideas
or structure.
Clear
organization.
Ideas are clear
and follow a
logical
organization.
Structure of the
response is easy
to follow.
Relevance of
Response
(understanding the
chapter)
Lacks clear
understanding of
the chapter
Occasionally off
topic; short in
length and offer
no further
insight into the
topic. Lacking 2
or more of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the assumptions
(3) what the
author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Related to
chapter
content; lacks
one of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the
assumptions (3)
what the author
is arguing for
(4) how the
author
constructs their
argument
Clear
understanding of
chapter content
and includes all of
the following:(1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of the
assumptions (3)
what the author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Expression within
the response
(evidence of
critical thinking)
Does not express
opinions or ideas
about the topic
Unclear
connection to
topic evidenced
in minimal
expression of
opinions or
ideas
Opinions and
ideas are stated
with occasional
lack of
connection to
topic
Expresses
opinions and
ideas in a clear
and concise
manner with
obvious
connection to
topic
Story 2
Naming, walking and magic
By Carlos Gonzalez
The words you speak become the house you live in.—Hafiz (Ladinsky, 1999, p. 281)
Brazilian lyricist and novelist, Paulo Coelho, says that magic is a kind of bridge between the visible and invisible (2014). My work as a teacher and my students’ experiences in the learning spaces I help create sometimes reflect Coelho’s definition. In class, I often make the argument that language is the ultimate form of magic. Without it we don't really understand the world about us. It is that bridge between what is known and what wants to be known or is currently invisible.
In our sessions, because most of my students are familiar with and culturally rooted in the Bible, I mention a passage where God tells Adam to name the animals in the Garden of Eden. For me, this story works as a powerful reminder that the impulse to name is an integral part of what it means to be human. The naming of the animals implies that the way we relate to the world has something to do wi.
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha De.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha Degree. The first, Trace Evidence, is a descriptive trace of the evidence in the case. The second video is the FBI clip hat includes Asha's parents. The Third clip is an experimental walk of the route Asha is claimed to have took that night. SAY HER NAME EXAMPLE- Simply provide a name an incident where violence was inflicted on a Black Female Body (since we've acknowledged Breonna Taylor, please research and find someone else that the class can be made aware of.
One page double space (thoughts)/response
.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ih5RUlzJjZI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-9FtGTRWnk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f30w54xfxiI
.
Critical Reflective AnalysisIn developing your genogram and learni.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflective Analysis
In developing your genogram and learning plan you were required to collect significant personal data that has influenced your lifestyle and consequently your personal health and wellness. Looking at this information and your personal learning plan a meaningful event must have come to mind. This event would have been an incident that probably impacted your lifestyle in a negative fashion; as an example a divorce, an accident or a sudden death of a family member from familial links. How did this affect your overall health using the six dimensions of wellness? How does the research support the findings? What does this mean for you? With the knowledge you have gained how has this changed your perspective? Why? What changes will you make?Using the LEARN
headings
write a critical analyses highlighting the abstract ideas underlying your reflection. Use specific details and at least
three references
to defend your conclusions.
Criteria for Evaluation and GradingFormat:
5 pages (excluding title and reference page)
12 font Arial or Times New Roman
Double spaced
Minimum of 3-4 references
APA format (link)
Submit in a Word.doc document
LEARN HEADINGS
Look Back
Present a meaningful event
Outline event concisely
Elaborate
Summarize event in detail (what happened, who was involved, where the event occurred, your involvement)
Describe personal feelings and perceptions of self and others
Analyze
Identify
one key
issue to analyze
Use literature as a guide with at least 3 evidence based journal articles
Compare and contrast the event with knowledge acquired in reading
Discuss the new perspective (view) you have acquired through the literature
Revise
Refer back to your acquired knowledge and analysis
Explain how you would preserve or change your perspective
Discuss rationale for considering the change in your life
Suggest alternative strategies you are presently using as a result of this analysis
New Perspective
Identify recommendations for future revision of your lifestyle
Guidelines to assist reflective writing:
Occasion for reflection: (an experience – seen, read, heard)
Presents experience through use of concrete, sensory language, quotations and narrative accounts
Shows depth of thought
Indicates creativity
Reflection ( exploration and analyzes)
Reveals feelings and thoughts through presentation of the experience
Conveys evidence of a personal response to the experience
Enables reader to understand the abstract ideas underlying the reflection through use of specific detail
Demonstrates good meta-cognition
Writing Strategies
Uses convincing language and scenarios to detail reflection
Uses comparison and imagery
Enhances reflection through contrasting and explaining possibilities
Makes inferences
Develops new ways of reflecting upon nursing and nursing practice
Coherence and style:
Demonstrates insight through natural flow of ideas
P.
Critical Reflection Project
z
z
z
z
Major parts
Orient the reader
Identify the focus/purpose of the book
Outline the scope of your paper
Topic sentence 1
Discuses the theme (theme 1) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Topic sentence 2
Discuses the theme (theme 2) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Conclude by restating the thesis, summarizing the argument, and making application
Address the themes from biblical point of view
Paragraphs
Outline
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
z
Introduction (Example)
I am a White privileged, American, who is loved, and who is attending the college of her dreams. I live with three younger siblings who do not fit that description. We live in the same house; they are American, loved, attending an amazing high school, privileged, but what is missing? The answer is the color of their skin; I am White and they are Black. My three youngest siblings are adopted from various parts of the United States as well as Africa, and their lives are worlds apart from mine; yet, we live feet apart. I am never afraid to walk home from school or get arrested by the cops, and yet I will be walking home with my 6’0, line man sized, African American little brother and people will cross to the other side of the street. Whole families have crossed in the middle of the road to avoid passing next to us. I know for a fact most of my friends do not worry about their little brother coming home safe because he has the build of the boys you hear about on television being beaten to death—because he has the skin color of the boys on television.
The New York Times best seller, “The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” by Michelle Alexander works to give an explanation for the phenomenon that has been splashed across the news left and right. This movement is known as the “Black Lives Matter” movement that has the purpose of fighting back against the racism in our society: the human rights and dignity many people of color feel they are denied. There is a problem in our society that needs to be addressed because lives are on the line; and, I feel that the Black Lives Matter movement is not effectively or gracefully working to solve this problem as God intended. My purpose for this paper is to argue that our society is not seeing the new racism that is running rampant; that God did not intend for any sort of racism; and, finally conclude with our society should be called into action, especially the believers. For this paper, it will be broken up into three different sections: Michelle Alexander’s book, the corresponding Bible passages, and concluded with the application section.
z
Body (example)
“The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” is a book by Michelle Alexander, whose main argument is “that mass incarceration is, metaphorically, the New Jim Crow.” Some background to explain this statement is Jim Crow laws were a set of laws that barred African Americans from ha.
Critical reflection on the reading from Who Speaks for Justice, .docxwillcoxjanay
Critical reflection on the reading from
Who Speaks for Justice,
Part 5: Culture pages 161-219.
Cultural and social foundations provide no clear answers or guidance in why things are the way they are and requires students to become mindful of beliefs and patterns of behavior. Some things to think about Why instead of the What and When. What culture do you practice? Where did it come from? Are you paying attention to how culture impacts your behavior, actions and thinking? How does your culture impact others around you? Cultural and social foundations provide no clear answers or guidance in why things are the way they are and requires students to become mindful of beliefs and patterns of behavior.
.
Critical Reflection ExerciseStudents are expected to have co.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflection Exercise
Students are expected to have completed the assigned readings each week and be prepared to comment critically.
Rather than providing mere summaries of course readings, students will be asked to analyze and synthesize information from the assigned readings while reflecting on their own lived experiences using personal examples, situations they observe in organizations and within their communities, and current events.
Students will submit a
three
page, double-spaced critical reflection of the assigned readings.
Assigned Readings: *
For the Second Reading, just Chapter 1 & 2
.
Critical Reading StrategiesThe University of Minnesota published.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reading Strategies
The University of Minnesota published a guideline on critical reading, called Critical Reading Strategies.
Click here (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the document.
These guidelines suggest reading in an active and engaged way in order to analyze, evaluate, and understand texts. They recommend:
1. Identifying what you're reading for. Answer the following questions:
1. Why am I reading this text? Is it for general content? To complete a written assignment? To research information?
2. Allowing yourself enough time to read. I recommend giving yourself about one hour for every 25 pages of reading.
1. Note: Get comfortable with the feeling of struggling to read. Many of the texts we encounter this semester are very old. These readings may be obscure, difficult to understand, while reflecting cultural values that may be alien to you. I recommend paying attention to these feelings of discomfort as you read, and then using them to investigate the text further.
1. Example: You notice there is a lot of repetition in the Epic of Gilgamesh so you decide to look into it. You find out that the translation history of Epic of Gilgamesh involves a great deal of transcription from fragmented cuneiform tablets into our written text system.
3. Previewing the text. Does the text have any headings or sub-headings? If so, what are they? Does it include an introduction? If so, what does the introduction have to say? What does the text look like on the page? Literally--does it take up a lot of space? Bigger/smaller margins? Use block writing or stanzas?
4. Engaging. I cannot stress it enough: get in the habit of reading with a pen or pencil in hand. Write in the margins. Circle things you find important. Develop a notation system that reflects your thoughts or feelings as you read.
1. You may draw an angry face next to the section where Gilgamesh insults the goddess Ishtar. You might underline the stanza in which Gilgamesh and Enkidu confront the monster, Humbaba.
2. What the texts says vs what it does. Take time to summarize the text says. What is the main idea? How is the main idea supported? Now ask yourself: how does it do that? Does it use imagery? Metaphor? Repetition? Simple or complicated language?
What is World Literature?
David Damrosch is known for his extensive work in world literature and comparative literature. He is also the director of Harvard's The Institute for World Literature (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. In "Introduction: Goethe Coins a Phrase," Damrosch provides a brief history of world literature as a literary field, and also defines world literature in terms of translation and circulation. See below for the PDF.
Damrosch, David (Introduction--Goethe Coins a Phrase).pdf
· The concept of "world literature" as a literary field comes into the Western World through Goethe's term, weltliteratur. It's important to note that Goethe was not the first to use weltlite.
Critical Qualitative Research Designpages 70–76Related to un.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Qualitative Research Design
pages 70–76
Related to understanding your goals as a researcher is the development of the rationale of the study. A rationale is the reason or argument for why a study matters and why the approach is appropriate to the study. Rationales can range from improving your practice and the practice of colleagues (as in practitioner research), contributing to formal theory (e.g., where there may be a gap in or lack of research in an area), understanding existing research in a new context or with a new population, and/or contributing to the methodological literature and approach to an existing corpus of research in a specific area or field. Thinking about and answering the questions in Table 3.1 can aid in this process. Considering these kinds of questions is central to developing empirical studies, and it is important to understand that these rationales and goals will also lead you to conduct different types of research, guiding your many choices—from the theories used to frame the study to the selection of various methods to the actual research questions as well as designs chosen and implemented.
There are many strategies for engaging in a structured inquiry process and through it an exploration of research goals and the overall rationale of a study. These strategies can include the writing of various kinds of memos, structured dialogic engagement processes, and reflective journaling. Across these strategies, creating the conditions and structures for regular dialogic engagement with a range of interlocutors is an absolutely vital and necessary part of refining your understanding of the goals and rationales for the research. We describe each of these strategies in the subsequent sections.
Memos on Study Goals and Rationale
Memos are important tools in qualitative research and tend to be written about a variety of different topics throughout the phases of a qualitative study. Memos are a way to capture and process, over time, your ongoing ideas and discoveries, challenges associated with fieldwork and design, and analytic sense-making. Depending on your research questions, memos can also become data sources for a study. There is no “wrong” way of writing memos, as their goal is to foster meaning making and serve as a chronicle of emerging learning and thinking. Memos tend to be informal and can be written in a variety of styles, including prose, bullet points, and/or outline form; they can include poetry, drawings, or other supporting imagery. The goals of memos are to help generate and clarify your thinking as well as to capture the development of your thinking, as a kind of phenomenological note taking that captures the meaning making of the researcher in real time and then provides data to refer back and consider the refinement of your thinking over time (Maxwell, 2013; Nakkula & Ravitch, 1998). While we find writing memos to be a useful and generative exercise, both when we write and share them in our indep.
Critical InfrastructuresThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security h.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security has identified what is determined to be critical infrastructure assets that are designated as potentially being of terrorist interest. Although the final responsibility and mission for protecting those assets and sectors of each remains with the DHS, the initial accountability rests with local ownership and authorities.
The DHS has formulated a National Infrastructure Protection Plan to explain and describe the national responsibility. A very significant majority of the infrastructure elements are under private or corporate ownership and maintenance and must share the bulk of responsibility for protection and security under their own mission plans for security.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
What is the National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP)?
When was it created?
Who created it?
Why was it created? Explain.
How important is the private sector with regard to critical infrastructure protection? Why?
What types of strategies can be used for critical infrastructure protection (CIP)?
What strengths currently exist in the United States with regard to CIP? Explain.
What weaknesses still need to be addressed? Why?
How can federal agencies effectively cooperate with private sector organizations? Explain.
What types of information should be disseminated to private sector organizations that are responsible for key assets? Explain.
What types of information, if any, should be withheld from the private sector? Why?
ASSIGNMENT DUE TONIGHT 10/20/13 BY 12 CLOCK
.
Critical Infrastructure Protection
Discussion Questions: How has the federal government responded to possible terrorist attacks (mitigation) where civil liberties have not been endangered? Considering that so much of the nation’s critical infrastructure is privately owned, how has the government-regulated possible civil liberties issues related to private sector employers/employees? Can a balanced policy be implemented regarding critical infrastructure without eroding privacy, freedom of information or other civil liberties?
Minimum of 350 words
APA Style with quotation and references
.
Critical InfrastructuresIn terms of critical infrastructure and ke.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
In terms of critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR), an
asset
is a person, structure, facility, information, material, or a process that has value. For example, in the transportation sector, a bridge would be an asset.
A
network
is a group of related components that interact with each other or share information to perform a function. For example, a light rail system that crosses multiple jurisdictions in a large metropolitan area would be considered a network.
A
system
is any combination of facilities, personnel, equipment, procedures, and communications integrated for a specific purpose. For example, the U.S. interstate highways comprise a system within the transportation sector.
A
sector
consists of a logical collection of interconnected assets, systems, or networks that provide a common function to society, the economy, or the government. For example, the transportation sector consists of vast, open, accessible, interconnected systems, which include the aviation, maritime, pipeline, highway, freight rail, and mass-transit systems.
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
For each of the 18 CIKR sectors, identify 1
–
2 local examples of critical infrastructure.
Briefly describe the examples, and explain how they are operated and utilized.
Provide any information that you feel is unique to each sector.
In your local community, research the infrastructure, and identify one particular element that may be of particular interest to a terrorist or vulnerable to natural or manmade disaster.
Are there any protective measures in place to ensure its safety?
.
Critical Infrastructure Case StudyPower plants are an important .docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructure Case Study
Power plants are an important part of critical infrastructures and local, state, and national economies. Therefore, power plants need deep and multilayered access controls due to concerns over physical security. There are a number of sensitive areas that must be secured, and various employees need different levels of access to these locations. At a plant in the upper Midwest, this access is handled with identity badges that include images of the user and an RFID with their access rights. The RFID handles access through multiple levels. There is a security checkpoint at the entrance to the parking lot, and at the entrance. Both points require a badge to enter. From there the badge allows personnel to enter the facilities they are authorized to enter. It also acts as "something you have" for multipoint authentication onto secure systems. These are all standard functions for an RFID badge system. The badges also have an automatic deactivation feature, which is useful for certain personnel. Maintenance personnel, for example, do not have enhanced access and do not require access to secured areas of the site. However, the maintenance team may need access to any area of the facility regardless of its sensitivity, in the case of a breakdown or special project. To allow for this, the badges can be granted access rights that decay over time. This allows for temporary access to secure areas that is then automatically revoked over a number of hours or days. This lowers administrative time, and reduces the risk of human error in rights assignment.
.
Critical Infrastructure and a CyberattackPresidential Decisi.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructure and a Cyberattack
Presidential Decision Directive 21 (PDD-21) identifies 16 critical infrastructures. PDD-21 lays out the national policy to maintain secure, functioning and resilient critical infrastructure. Select a critical infrastructure sector from the list below and discuss the impact that a cyberattack could have on that system or service:
Communication Sector (voice communications, digital communications, or navigation)
Energy Sector (electric power grid)
Water and Wastewater Systems Sector (water supply or sewage)
Healthcare and Public Health Sector (hospitals)
Transportation Systems Sector (rail or air)
Financial Services Sector (banking )
It is the third and fourth order effects from the cyberattack on the chosen critical infrastructure that shows the far reaching and devastating effect of a cyberattack. To demonstrate the interconnectedness of critical infrastructure, explain the cascading effects on other critical infrastructure. Then, discuss the measures DHS has taken to ensure resiliency of the selected infrastructure and the measures that need to be implemented in the future.
The Critical Infrastructure and a Cyberattack assignment
Must be three to four pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center (Links to an external site.)
.
Must include a
cover page (Links to an external site.)
with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must include an introductory paragraph with a succinct thesis statement. The thesis must be in both the introduction and the conclusion.
Must use at least three scholarly sources or official government sources in addition to the course text.
Must
document all sources in APA style (Links to an external site.)
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate
references page that is formatted according to APA style (Links to an external site.)
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Carefully review the
Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)
for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
.
Critical Incident Protection (CIP)Plans need to have your name o.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Incident Protection (CIP)
Plans need to have your name on them and need to include at least 2 pages describing:
•The importance of the document
•How it pertains to your residency company
•How your role in the company can help the plan be successful
Note:ASAP FORMAT
references and citations required
.
Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Stud.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Study
Read:
Stevens, K., (2013)
The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas
.
OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing
,
18
,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
Critically evaluate either Study 3 or Study 4. Evaluate the credibility of professional citation, research design, and procedures in a research article. Include a discussion on how this study contributes to evidence-based practice.
Study 3 -
Patients’ and partners’ health-related quality of life before and 4 months after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Study 4 -
Striving for independence: a qualitative study of women living with vertebral fracture
Suggested Reading
Schreiber, M. L. (2016). Evidence-Based Practice.
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
.
MEDSURG Nursing, 25
(6), 425-428.
Stevens, K., (2013)
The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas
.
OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing
,
18
,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
Wakefield, A. (2014). Searching and critiquing the research literature.
Nursing Standard
,
28
(39), 49-57. doi:10.7748/ns.28.39.49.e8867
Chapter 6 (pp. 131-153), Chapter 7 (pp. 157-185), Chapter 8 (pp. 189-226) Chapter 12 (pp.323-350)& Chapter 13 (pp. 351-380) In Houser, J. (2018).
Nursing research: Readings, using & creating evidence
(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Qualitative Specific Resources
Houser, J. (2018).
Nursing research: Readings, using & creating evidence
(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 9, p. 229-252
Chapter 14, p. 385-416
Chapter 15, p. 419-442
Additional Instructions:
All submissions should have a title page and reference page.
Utilize a minimum of two scholarly resources.
Adhere to grammar, spelling and punctuation criteria.
Adhere to APA compliance guidelines.
Adhere to the chosen Submission Option for Delivery of Activity guidelines.
Submission Options:
Choose One:
Instructions:
Paper
4 to 6-page paper. Include title and reference pages.
.
Critical Analysis of Phillips argument in her essay Zombie Studies.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Analysis of Phillips' argument in her essay "Zombie Studies Gain Ground on College Campuses"
Compose a fully-developed paragraph to critically analyze Phillips' argument. Use the points you learned in the "Reading with a Critical Eye" text for your analysis. (500 words)
What are the main points Erica Phillips uses to support her argument that zombies are gaining ground on college campuses?
Who are the authorities that she presents to provide credibility to her argument.
Does she present you with facts or opinions? Is her information current?
Does her background give her any authority on the subject?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of her argument?
.
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative ResearchAs you cri.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative Research
As you critically appraise studies, follow the steps of the critical appraisal process presented in Box 18-1. These steps occur in sequence, vary in depth, and presume accomplishment of the preceding steps. However, an individual with critical appraisal experience frequently performs multiple steps of this process simultaneously. This section includes the three steps of the research critical appraisal process applied to quantitative studies and provides relevant questions for each step. These questions are not comprehensive but have been selected as a means for stimulating the logical reasoning and analysis necessary for conducting a study review. Persons experienced in the critical appraisal process formulate additional questions as part of their reasoning processes. We cover the identification of the steps or elements of the research process separately because persons who are new to critical appraisal often only conduct this step. The questions for determining the study strengths and weaknesses are covered together because this process occurs simultaneously in the mind of the person conducting the critical appraisal. Evaluation is covered separately because of the increased expertise needed to perform this final step.
Step I: Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process in Studies
Initial attempts to comprehend research articles are often frustrating because the terminology and stylized manner of the report are unfamiliar. Identification of the steps of the research process in a quantitative study is the first step in critical appraisal. It involves understanding the terms and concepts in the report; identifying study elements; and grasping the nature, significance, and meaning of the study elements. The following guidelines are presented to direct
you in the initial critical appraisal of a quantitative study.
Guidelines for Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process
The first step involves reviewing the study title and abstract and reading the study from beginning to end (review the key principles in Box 18-2). As you read, address the following questions about the research report: Was the writing style of the report clear and concise? Were the different parts of the research report plainly identified (APA, 2010)? Were relevant terms defined?
You might underline the terms you do not understand and determine their meaning from the glossary at the end of this textbook. Read the article a second time and highlight or underline each step of the quantitative research process. An overview of these steps is presented in Chapter 3. To write a critical appraisal identifying the study steps, you need to identify each step concisely and respond briefly to the following guidelines and questions:
I. Introduction
A. Describe the qualifications of the authors to conduct the study, such as research expertise, clinical experience, and educational preparation. Doctoral .
Criteria
Excellent
Superior
Good
Work needed
Failing
Introduction
20 points
Engages reader's attenion. Strong, assertive stance. Gives title of story and author. Key points are presented in thesis. Has individual and creative slant
18 points
Clear thesis with key points. Gives title and author. Takes a stance on analysis of story.
16 points
Thesis general but analytical. Reader is aware from first paragraph of the author's perspective of the story.
14 points
Thesis too broad or not clear as analysis.
0 points
Needs thesis which will analyze story. Reader not clear about what to expect.
Body
20 points
Key points developed with details and examples from text. Refers to thesis concepts. Reflects authorial stance
18 points
Gives details and examples from text to analyze thesis concept.
16 points
Uses some examples from the story without much plot summary. Focuses on thesis concept.
14 points
Plot summary. Does not tie into thesis concept.
0 points
Plot summary or biography of author. Thesis not developed with details or key points.
Conclusion
15 points
Summarizes key points made in essay. Restates thesis concept in different words. Provides a sense of closure and unification.
13 points
Summarizes points made. Restates thesis concept.
11 points
Summarizes points made in body of essay. Unifies the essay without new topics introduced.
9 points
Ends abruptly. Introduces new topic into conclusion. Does not reflect information in introduction, thesis, and body.
0 points
Lacks summary of points or sense of unity in essay.
Academic tone
10 points
Semi-formal, academic tone with clear sentence structure and phrasing. Third person used throughout. No cliches, slang, or colloquialisms used.
8 points
Semi-formal, academic tone with clear sentence structure and phrasing. Third person used throughout.
6 points
Clear tone but may contain usage of first person, or occasional informal usage.
4 points
Too informal, usage of first person, and language usage does not reflect the academic reader.
0 points
Does not reflect the tone of academic writing.
Citations
25 points
Uses in-text citations accurately after examples from text. Provides Work Cited list with accurate citation(s).
22 points
Accurate in-text and Works Cited citation(s).
19 points
In-text and end citations may have errors, but show patterns given in our textbook.
17 points
Inadequate information to allow reader to find sources. Usage of URL as main citation. In-text citations missing or not accurate.
0 points
Missing or invalid.
Mechanics
10 points
Free of errors in punctuation, spelling, grammar, and sentence structure
8 points
Few errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar. Complete sentences with conventional phrasing.
7 points
Errors are too frequent, but few sentence construction problems--fragments, run on sentences or comma splices.
6 points
Too many errors. Problems with sentence constructions: fragments, fused senten.
Critical analysis of primary literature - PracticePurposeThis.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical analysis of primary literature - Practice
Purpose:
This purpose of this assignment is to critically analyze each section of one research paper, in order to gain experience dissecting, summarizing, and evaluating primary literature.
Skills:
As a result of completing this assignment, you will gain skills required to analyze and evaluate information from any source, and to apply the process of science to analyze and evaluate primary sources, including:
· Identifying and rewording hypotheses and predictions
· Evaluating experimental methods within the context of the hypotheses and predictions
· Analyzing statistical tests and describing their meaning
· Analyzing, interpreting, and summarizing Results and Interpretations, including the meaning and descriptive value of figures and tables
Tasks and Rubric:
· Select and read one of the provided papers that reports on original experimental research.
· Consider watching the Intro To Stats video lecture for help understanding the methods.
· Begin a Collaboration with me through our Canvas site (so that I may access and comment on it at any time), and complete the following analyses of the journal article:
Commentary Part 1
Focus on the Abstract and Introduction of the publication:
1. Explain in your own words why the researchers conducted this study; what is the value in studying their system? What background information is included to inform you of the relevance, importance or potential implications of the study?
2. Restate the researcher’s hypothesis and their predictions in your own words; Identify where they stated their hypothesis and predictions, and whether it was stated explicitly or implied. Did the researchers choose appropriate experiments or observations to test their hypothesis? Explain why you think so.
Commentary Part 2
Focus on the Materials and Methods:
1. In your own words, summarize the experimental methods (if there are multiple, summarize what you believe is the most important experiment).
2. Explainthe statistical method or test used to analyze their most important results: on what dataset is the statistical test applied? What is the test statistic measuring? What are the confidence limits, p-value, or R2 value, etc. and the significance level associated with the test statistic?
Commentary Part 3
Focus on the Results and Discussion:
1. Evaluate two figures or tables that visually explain the most important result: Explain what each one attempts to show. Explainhow the figures and tables do or do not help clarify the written results.
2. Evaluate the Results & Discussion: Do they match the predictions and therefore support the hypothesis, or do the results falsify the hypothesis...or do they suggest a way in which the hypothesis (or predictions) should be modified? Explain.
Additional criteria and tips. To receive 15 points, you must:
· Use no smaller than 11 point font, 0.75 inch borders.
· Use correct grammar and punctuation and adhere to Standard English sentence st.
Critical analysis of one relevant curriculum approach or model..docxwillcoxjanay
Critical analysis of one relevant curriculum approach or model.
Recommended Reading
Arce, E., & Ferguson, S. (2013). Curriculum for young children: An introduction (2n ed.). Wadsworth, CA: Cengage Learning.
Brady, L & Kennedy, K (2013). Curriculum construction (5th ed.). Australia: Pearson.
Cohen, L., & Waite-Stupiansky, S. (2013). Learning across the early childhood curriculum, UK: Emerald.
Curtis, C. (2011). Reflecting children's lives: a handbook for planning your child-centered curriculum (2nd ed.), St Paul, Minnesota: Redleaf Press.
Elias, C., & Jenkins, L. (2011). A practical guide to early childhood curriculum, 9th edn, NJ: Pearson Education.
Eliason, C., & Jenkins, L. (2012). A Practical Guide to Early Childhood Curriculum, 9th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education
File N., Mueller, J., & Wisneski, D. (2012). Curriculum in early childhood education: re-examined, rediscovered, renewed New York: Routledge.
Fleer, M. (2013). Play in the early years, UK: Cambridge University.
Gronlund, G. (2010). Developmentally appropriate play: guiding young children to a higher level. St Paul, MN: Redleaf
Hunter, L., & Sonter, L. (2012). Progressing play: practicalities, intentions and possibilities in emerging co-constructed curriculum. Warner, QLD, Australia: Consultants at play.
Ingles, S. (2015). Developing critical skills: Interactive exercises for pre-service teachers. Kendall Hunt.
Irving, E., & Carter, C. (2018 in Press). The Child in Focus: Learning and Teaching in Early Childhood Education, Melbourne: Oxford University Press (particularly Chapter 4: Play and Play-based learning and Chapter 5: Curriculum and Pedagogy)
Kostelnik, M. J., Soderman, A. K., & Whiren, A. P. (2011). Developmentally appropriate curriculum: Best practices in early childhood education. Boston, MA: Pearson Education
Page, J.,& Taylor, C. (Eds). (2016). Learning & Teaching in the Early Years. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR). (2009).
Belonging, being and becoming: The early years learning framework for Australia
. Australian Capital Territory, Australia: Commonwealth of Australia.
Pugh, G., & Duffy, B. (2014). Contemporary issues in the early years (6th ed.), Sage Publications, London.
Van Hoorn, J., Nourat, P.M., Scales, B., & Alward, K.R. (2015). Play at the center of curriculum (6th ed.). New Jersey, U.S.: Prentice Hall.
Wood, E. (2013). Play, learning and the early childhood curriculum (3rd ed.). London, England: Sage.
.
Critical Response Rubric:
Category 0 1 1.5 2
Timeliness
late On time
Delivery of Critical
Response
Utilizes poor
spelling and
grammar; appear
“hasty”
Errors in
spelling and
grammar
evidenced
Few
grammatical or
spelling errors
are noted
Consistently uses
grammatically
correct response
with rare
misspellings
Organization
Unorganized. A
summary of the
chapter.
Unorganized in
ideas and
structure.
Some evidence
of organization.
Unorganized in
either ideas or
structure.
Primarily
organized with
occasional lack
of organization
in either ideas
or structure.
Clear
organization.
Ideas are clear
and follow a
logical
organization.
Structure of the
response is easy
to follow.
Relevance of
Response
(understanding the
chapter)
Lacks clear
understanding of
the chapter
Occasionally off
topic; short in
length and offer
no further
insight into the
topic. Lacking 2
or more of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the assumptions
(3) what the
author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Related to
chapter
content; lacks
one of the
following: (1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of
the
assumptions (3)
what the author
is arguing for
(4) how the
author
constructs their
argument
Clear
understanding of
chapter content
and includes all of
the following:(1)
The text
assumptions (2)
implications of the
assumptions (3)
what the author is
arguing for (4)
how the author
constructs their
argument
Expression within
the response
(evidence of
critical thinking)
Does not express
opinions or ideas
about the topic
Unclear
connection to
topic evidenced
in minimal
expression of
opinions or
ideas
Opinions and
ideas are stated
with occasional
lack of
connection to
topic
Expresses
opinions and
ideas in a clear
and concise
manner with
obvious
connection to
topic
Story 2
Naming, walking and magic
By Carlos Gonzalez
The words you speak become the house you live in.—Hafiz (Ladinsky, 1999, p. 281)
Brazilian lyricist and novelist, Paulo Coelho, says that magic is a kind of bridge between the visible and invisible (2014). My work as a teacher and my students’ experiences in the learning spaces I help create sometimes reflect Coelho’s definition. In class, I often make the argument that language is the ultimate form of magic. Without it we don't really understand the world about us. It is that bridge between what is known and what wants to be known or is currently invisible.
In our sessions, because most of my students are familiar with and culturally rooted in the Bible, I mention a passage where God tells Adam to name the animals in the Garden of Eden. For me, this story works as a powerful reminder that the impulse to name is an integral part of what it means to be human. The naming of the animals implies that the way we relate to the world has something to do wi.
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha De.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Response Rubric- Please view the videos provided on Asha Degree. The first, Trace Evidence, is a descriptive trace of the evidence in the case. The second video is the FBI clip hat includes Asha's parents. The Third clip is an experimental walk of the route Asha is claimed to have took that night. SAY HER NAME EXAMPLE- Simply provide a name an incident where violence was inflicted on a Black Female Body (since we've acknowledged Breonna Taylor, please research and find someone else that the class can be made aware of.
One page double space (thoughts)/response
.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ih5RUlzJjZI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-9FtGTRWnk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f30w54xfxiI
.
Critical Reflective AnalysisIn developing your genogram and learni.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflective Analysis
In developing your genogram and learning plan you were required to collect significant personal data that has influenced your lifestyle and consequently your personal health and wellness. Looking at this information and your personal learning plan a meaningful event must have come to mind. This event would have been an incident that probably impacted your lifestyle in a negative fashion; as an example a divorce, an accident or a sudden death of a family member from familial links. How did this affect your overall health using the six dimensions of wellness? How does the research support the findings? What does this mean for you? With the knowledge you have gained how has this changed your perspective? Why? What changes will you make?Using the LEARN
headings
write a critical analyses highlighting the abstract ideas underlying your reflection. Use specific details and at least
three references
to defend your conclusions.
Criteria for Evaluation and GradingFormat:
5 pages (excluding title and reference page)
12 font Arial or Times New Roman
Double spaced
Minimum of 3-4 references
APA format (link)
Submit in a Word.doc document
LEARN HEADINGS
Look Back
Present a meaningful event
Outline event concisely
Elaborate
Summarize event in detail (what happened, who was involved, where the event occurred, your involvement)
Describe personal feelings and perceptions of self and others
Analyze
Identify
one key
issue to analyze
Use literature as a guide with at least 3 evidence based journal articles
Compare and contrast the event with knowledge acquired in reading
Discuss the new perspective (view) you have acquired through the literature
Revise
Refer back to your acquired knowledge and analysis
Explain how you would preserve or change your perspective
Discuss rationale for considering the change in your life
Suggest alternative strategies you are presently using as a result of this analysis
New Perspective
Identify recommendations for future revision of your lifestyle
Guidelines to assist reflective writing:
Occasion for reflection: (an experience – seen, read, heard)
Presents experience through use of concrete, sensory language, quotations and narrative accounts
Shows depth of thought
Indicates creativity
Reflection ( exploration and analyzes)
Reveals feelings and thoughts through presentation of the experience
Conveys evidence of a personal response to the experience
Enables reader to understand the abstract ideas underlying the reflection through use of specific detail
Demonstrates good meta-cognition
Writing Strategies
Uses convincing language and scenarios to detail reflection
Uses comparison and imagery
Enhances reflection through contrasting and explaining possibilities
Makes inferences
Develops new ways of reflecting upon nursing and nursing practice
Coherence and style:
Demonstrates insight through natural flow of ideas
P.
Critical Reflection Project
z
z
z
z
Major parts
Orient the reader
Identify the focus/purpose of the book
Outline the scope of your paper
Topic sentence 1
Discuses the theme (theme 1) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Topic sentence 2
Discuses the theme (theme 2) with supporting details
Concluding sentence
Conclude by restating the thesis, summarizing the argument, and making application
Address the themes from biblical point of view
Paragraphs
Outline
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
z
Introduction (Example)
I am a White privileged, American, who is loved, and who is attending the college of her dreams. I live with three younger siblings who do not fit that description. We live in the same house; they are American, loved, attending an amazing high school, privileged, but what is missing? The answer is the color of their skin; I am White and they are Black. My three youngest siblings are adopted from various parts of the United States as well as Africa, and their lives are worlds apart from mine; yet, we live feet apart. I am never afraid to walk home from school or get arrested by the cops, and yet I will be walking home with my 6’0, line man sized, African American little brother and people will cross to the other side of the street. Whole families have crossed in the middle of the road to avoid passing next to us. I know for a fact most of my friends do not worry about their little brother coming home safe because he has the build of the boys you hear about on television being beaten to death—because he has the skin color of the boys on television.
The New York Times best seller, “The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” by Michelle Alexander works to give an explanation for the phenomenon that has been splashed across the news left and right. This movement is known as the “Black Lives Matter” movement that has the purpose of fighting back against the racism in our society: the human rights and dignity many people of color feel they are denied. There is a problem in our society that needs to be addressed because lives are on the line; and, I feel that the Black Lives Matter movement is not effectively or gracefully working to solve this problem as God intended. My purpose for this paper is to argue that our society is not seeing the new racism that is running rampant; that God did not intend for any sort of racism; and, finally conclude with our society should be called into action, especially the believers. For this paper, it will be broken up into three different sections: Michelle Alexander’s book, the corresponding Bible passages, and concluded with the application section.
z
Body (example)
“The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness” is a book by Michelle Alexander, whose main argument is “that mass incarceration is, metaphorically, the New Jim Crow.” Some background to explain this statement is Jim Crow laws were a set of laws that barred African Americans from ha.
Critical reflection on the reading from Who Speaks for Justice, .docxwillcoxjanay
Critical reflection on the reading from
Who Speaks for Justice,
Part 5: Culture pages 161-219.
Cultural and social foundations provide no clear answers or guidance in why things are the way they are and requires students to become mindful of beliefs and patterns of behavior. Some things to think about Why instead of the What and When. What culture do you practice? Where did it come from? Are you paying attention to how culture impacts your behavior, actions and thinking? How does your culture impact others around you? Cultural and social foundations provide no clear answers or guidance in why things are the way they are and requires students to become mindful of beliefs and patterns of behavior.
.
Critical Reflection ExerciseStudents are expected to have co.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reflection Exercise
Students are expected to have completed the assigned readings each week and be prepared to comment critically.
Rather than providing mere summaries of course readings, students will be asked to analyze and synthesize information from the assigned readings while reflecting on their own lived experiences using personal examples, situations they observe in organizations and within their communities, and current events.
Students will submit a
three
page, double-spaced critical reflection of the assigned readings.
Assigned Readings: *
For the Second Reading, just Chapter 1 & 2
.
Critical Reading StrategiesThe University of Minnesota published.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Reading Strategies
The University of Minnesota published a guideline on critical reading, called Critical Reading Strategies.
Click here (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the document.
These guidelines suggest reading in an active and engaged way in order to analyze, evaluate, and understand texts. They recommend:
1. Identifying what you're reading for. Answer the following questions:
1. Why am I reading this text? Is it for general content? To complete a written assignment? To research information?
2. Allowing yourself enough time to read. I recommend giving yourself about one hour for every 25 pages of reading.
1. Note: Get comfortable with the feeling of struggling to read. Many of the texts we encounter this semester are very old. These readings may be obscure, difficult to understand, while reflecting cultural values that may be alien to you. I recommend paying attention to these feelings of discomfort as you read, and then using them to investigate the text further.
1. Example: You notice there is a lot of repetition in the Epic of Gilgamesh so you decide to look into it. You find out that the translation history of Epic of Gilgamesh involves a great deal of transcription from fragmented cuneiform tablets into our written text system.
3. Previewing the text. Does the text have any headings or sub-headings? If so, what are they? Does it include an introduction? If so, what does the introduction have to say? What does the text look like on the page? Literally--does it take up a lot of space? Bigger/smaller margins? Use block writing or stanzas?
4. Engaging. I cannot stress it enough: get in the habit of reading with a pen or pencil in hand. Write in the margins. Circle things you find important. Develop a notation system that reflects your thoughts or feelings as you read.
1. You may draw an angry face next to the section where Gilgamesh insults the goddess Ishtar. You might underline the stanza in which Gilgamesh and Enkidu confront the monster, Humbaba.
2. What the texts says vs what it does. Take time to summarize the text says. What is the main idea? How is the main idea supported? Now ask yourself: how does it do that? Does it use imagery? Metaphor? Repetition? Simple or complicated language?
What is World Literature?
David Damrosch is known for his extensive work in world literature and comparative literature. He is also the director of Harvard's The Institute for World Literature (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. In "Introduction: Goethe Coins a Phrase," Damrosch provides a brief history of world literature as a literary field, and also defines world literature in terms of translation and circulation. See below for the PDF.
Damrosch, David (Introduction--Goethe Coins a Phrase).pdf
· The concept of "world literature" as a literary field comes into the Western World through Goethe's term, weltliteratur. It's important to note that Goethe was not the first to use weltlite.
Critical Qualitative Research Designpages 70–76Related to un.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Qualitative Research Design
pages 70–76
Related to understanding your goals as a researcher is the development of the rationale of the study. A rationale is the reason or argument for why a study matters and why the approach is appropriate to the study. Rationales can range from improving your practice and the practice of colleagues (as in practitioner research), contributing to formal theory (e.g., where there may be a gap in or lack of research in an area), understanding existing research in a new context or with a new population, and/or contributing to the methodological literature and approach to an existing corpus of research in a specific area or field. Thinking about and answering the questions in Table 3.1 can aid in this process. Considering these kinds of questions is central to developing empirical studies, and it is important to understand that these rationales and goals will also lead you to conduct different types of research, guiding your many choices—from the theories used to frame the study to the selection of various methods to the actual research questions as well as designs chosen and implemented.
There are many strategies for engaging in a structured inquiry process and through it an exploration of research goals and the overall rationale of a study. These strategies can include the writing of various kinds of memos, structured dialogic engagement processes, and reflective journaling. Across these strategies, creating the conditions and structures for regular dialogic engagement with a range of interlocutors is an absolutely vital and necessary part of refining your understanding of the goals and rationales for the research. We describe each of these strategies in the subsequent sections.
Memos on Study Goals and Rationale
Memos are important tools in qualitative research and tend to be written about a variety of different topics throughout the phases of a qualitative study. Memos are a way to capture and process, over time, your ongoing ideas and discoveries, challenges associated with fieldwork and design, and analytic sense-making. Depending on your research questions, memos can also become data sources for a study. There is no “wrong” way of writing memos, as their goal is to foster meaning making and serve as a chronicle of emerging learning and thinking. Memos tend to be informal and can be written in a variety of styles, including prose, bullet points, and/or outline form; they can include poetry, drawings, or other supporting imagery. The goals of memos are to help generate and clarify your thinking as well as to capture the development of your thinking, as a kind of phenomenological note taking that captures the meaning making of the researcher in real time and then provides data to refer back and consider the refinement of your thinking over time (Maxwell, 2013; Nakkula & Ravitch, 1998). While we find writing memos to be a useful and generative exercise, both when we write and share them in our indep.
Critical InfrastructuresThe U.S. Department of Homeland Security h.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security has identified what is determined to be critical infrastructure assets that are designated as potentially being of terrorist interest. Although the final responsibility and mission for protecting those assets and sectors of each remains with the DHS, the initial accountability rests with local ownership and authorities.
The DHS has formulated a National Infrastructure Protection Plan to explain and describe the national responsibility. A very significant majority of the infrastructure elements are under private or corporate ownership and maintenance and must share the bulk of responsibility for protection and security under their own mission plans for security.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
What is the National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP)?
When was it created?
Who created it?
Why was it created? Explain.
How important is the private sector with regard to critical infrastructure protection? Why?
What types of strategies can be used for critical infrastructure protection (CIP)?
What strengths currently exist in the United States with regard to CIP? Explain.
What weaknesses still need to be addressed? Why?
How can federal agencies effectively cooperate with private sector organizations? Explain.
What types of information should be disseminated to private sector organizations that are responsible for key assets? Explain.
What types of information, if any, should be withheld from the private sector? Why?
ASSIGNMENT DUE TONIGHT 10/20/13 BY 12 CLOCK
.
Critical Infrastructure Protection
Discussion Questions: How has the federal government responded to possible terrorist attacks (mitigation) where civil liberties have not been endangered? Considering that so much of the nation’s critical infrastructure is privately owned, how has the government-regulated possible civil liberties issues related to private sector employers/employees? Can a balanced policy be implemented regarding critical infrastructure without eroding privacy, freedom of information or other civil liberties?
Minimum of 350 words
APA Style with quotation and references
.
Critical InfrastructuresIn terms of critical infrastructure and ke.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructures
In terms of critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR), an
asset
is a person, structure, facility, information, material, or a process that has value. For example, in the transportation sector, a bridge would be an asset.
A
network
is a group of related components that interact with each other or share information to perform a function. For example, a light rail system that crosses multiple jurisdictions in a large metropolitan area would be considered a network.
A
system
is any combination of facilities, personnel, equipment, procedures, and communications integrated for a specific purpose. For example, the U.S. interstate highways comprise a system within the transportation sector.
A
sector
consists of a logical collection of interconnected assets, systems, or networks that provide a common function to society, the economy, or the government. For example, the transportation sector consists of vast, open, accessible, interconnected systems, which include the aviation, maritime, pipeline, highway, freight rail, and mass-transit systems.
Address the following in 3–4 pages:
For each of the 18 CIKR sectors, identify 1
–
2 local examples of critical infrastructure.
Briefly describe the examples, and explain how they are operated and utilized.
Provide any information that you feel is unique to each sector.
In your local community, research the infrastructure, and identify one particular element that may be of particular interest to a terrorist or vulnerable to natural or manmade disaster.
Are there any protective measures in place to ensure its safety?
.
Critical Infrastructure Case StudyPower plants are an important .docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructure Case Study
Power plants are an important part of critical infrastructures and local, state, and national economies. Therefore, power plants need deep and multilayered access controls due to concerns over physical security. There are a number of sensitive areas that must be secured, and various employees need different levels of access to these locations. At a plant in the upper Midwest, this access is handled with identity badges that include images of the user and an RFID with their access rights. The RFID handles access through multiple levels. There is a security checkpoint at the entrance to the parking lot, and at the entrance. Both points require a badge to enter. From there the badge allows personnel to enter the facilities they are authorized to enter. It also acts as "something you have" for multipoint authentication onto secure systems. These are all standard functions for an RFID badge system. The badges also have an automatic deactivation feature, which is useful for certain personnel. Maintenance personnel, for example, do not have enhanced access and do not require access to secured areas of the site. However, the maintenance team may need access to any area of the facility regardless of its sensitivity, in the case of a breakdown or special project. To allow for this, the badges can be granted access rights that decay over time. This allows for temporary access to secure areas that is then automatically revoked over a number of hours or days. This lowers administrative time, and reduces the risk of human error in rights assignment.
.
Critical Infrastructure and a CyberattackPresidential Decisi.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Infrastructure and a Cyberattack
Presidential Decision Directive 21 (PDD-21) identifies 16 critical infrastructures. PDD-21 lays out the national policy to maintain secure, functioning and resilient critical infrastructure. Select a critical infrastructure sector from the list below and discuss the impact that a cyberattack could have on that system or service:
Communication Sector (voice communications, digital communications, or navigation)
Energy Sector (electric power grid)
Water and Wastewater Systems Sector (water supply or sewage)
Healthcare and Public Health Sector (hospitals)
Transportation Systems Sector (rail or air)
Financial Services Sector (banking )
It is the third and fourth order effects from the cyberattack on the chosen critical infrastructure that shows the far reaching and devastating effect of a cyberattack. To demonstrate the interconnectedness of critical infrastructure, explain the cascading effects on other critical infrastructure. Then, discuss the measures DHS has taken to ensure resiliency of the selected infrastructure and the measures that need to be implemented in the future.
The Critical Infrastructure and a Cyberattack assignment
Must be three to four pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center (Links to an external site.)
.
Must include a
cover page (Links to an external site.)
with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must include an introductory paragraph with a succinct thesis statement. The thesis must be in both the introduction and the conclusion.
Must use at least three scholarly sources or official government sources in addition to the course text.
Must
document all sources in APA style (Links to an external site.)
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate
references page that is formatted according to APA style (Links to an external site.)
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Carefully review the
Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)
for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
.
Critical Incident Protection (CIP)Plans need to have your name o.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Incident Protection (CIP)
Plans need to have your name on them and need to include at least 2 pages describing:
•The importance of the document
•How it pertains to your residency company
•How your role in the company can help the plan be successful
Note:ASAP FORMAT
references and citations required
.
Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Stud.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Evaluation of Qualitative or Quantitative Research Study
Read:
Stevens, K., (2013)
The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas
.
OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing
,
18
,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
Critically evaluate either Study 3 or Study 4. Evaluate the credibility of professional citation, research design, and procedures in a research article. Include a discussion on how this study contributes to evidence-based practice.
Study 3 -
Patients’ and partners’ health-related quality of life before and 4 months after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Study 4 -
Striving for independence: a qualitative study of women living with vertebral fracture
Suggested Reading
Schreiber, M. L. (2016). Evidence-Based Practice.
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
.
MEDSURG Nursing, 25
(6), 425-428.
Stevens, K., (2013)
The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas
.
OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing
,
18
,(2), Manuscript 4. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol18No02Man04
Wakefield, A. (2014). Searching and critiquing the research literature.
Nursing Standard
,
28
(39), 49-57. doi:10.7748/ns.28.39.49.e8867
Chapter 6 (pp. 131-153), Chapter 7 (pp. 157-185), Chapter 8 (pp. 189-226) Chapter 12 (pp.323-350)& Chapter 13 (pp. 351-380) In Houser, J. (2018).
Nursing research: Readings, using & creating evidence
(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Qualitative Specific Resources
Houser, J. (2018).
Nursing research: Readings, using & creating evidence
(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 9, p. 229-252
Chapter 14, p. 385-416
Chapter 15, p. 419-442
Additional Instructions:
All submissions should have a title page and reference page.
Utilize a minimum of two scholarly resources.
Adhere to grammar, spelling and punctuation criteria.
Adhere to APA compliance guidelines.
Adhere to the chosen Submission Option for Delivery of Activity guidelines.
Submission Options:
Choose One:
Instructions:
Paper
4 to 6-page paper. Include title and reference pages.
.
Critical Analysis of Phillips argument in her essay Zombie Studies.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Analysis of Phillips' argument in her essay "Zombie Studies Gain Ground on College Campuses"
Compose a fully-developed paragraph to critically analyze Phillips' argument. Use the points you learned in the "Reading with a Critical Eye" text for your analysis. (500 words)
What are the main points Erica Phillips uses to support her argument that zombies are gaining ground on college campuses?
Who are the authorities that she presents to provide credibility to her argument.
Does she present you with facts or opinions? Is her information current?
Does her background give her any authority on the subject?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of her argument?
.
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative ResearchAs you cri.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative Research
As you critically appraise studies, follow the steps of the critical appraisal process presented in Box 18-1. These steps occur in sequence, vary in depth, and presume accomplishment of the preceding steps. However, an individual with critical appraisal experience frequently performs multiple steps of this process simultaneously. This section includes the three steps of the research critical appraisal process applied to quantitative studies and provides relevant questions for each step. These questions are not comprehensive but have been selected as a means for stimulating the logical reasoning and analysis necessary for conducting a study review. Persons experienced in the critical appraisal process formulate additional questions as part of their reasoning processes. We cover the identification of the steps or elements of the research process separately because persons who are new to critical appraisal often only conduct this step. The questions for determining the study strengths and weaknesses are covered together because this process occurs simultaneously in the mind of the person conducting the critical appraisal. Evaluation is covered separately because of the increased expertise needed to perform this final step.
Step I: Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process in Studies
Initial attempts to comprehend research articles are often frustrating because the terminology and stylized manner of the report are unfamiliar. Identification of the steps of the research process in a quantitative study is the first step in critical appraisal. It involves understanding the terms and concepts in the report; identifying study elements; and grasping the nature, significance, and meaning of the study elements. The following guidelines are presented to direct
you in the initial critical appraisal of a quantitative study.
Guidelines for Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process
The first step involves reviewing the study title and abstract and reading the study from beginning to end (review the key principles in Box 18-2). As you read, address the following questions about the research report: Was the writing style of the report clear and concise? Were the different parts of the research report plainly identified (APA, 2010)? Were relevant terms defined?
You might underline the terms you do not understand and determine their meaning from the glossary at the end of this textbook. Read the article a second time and highlight or underline each step of the quantitative research process. An overview of these steps is presented in Chapter 3. To write a critical appraisal identifying the study steps, you need to identify each step concisely and respond briefly to the following guidelines and questions:
I. Introduction
A. Describe the qualifications of the authors to conduct the study, such as research expertise, clinical experience, and educational preparation. Doctoral .
Criteria
Excellent
Superior
Good
Work needed
Failing
Introduction
20 points
Engages reader's attenion. Strong, assertive stance. Gives title of story and author. Key points are presented in thesis. Has individual and creative slant
18 points
Clear thesis with key points. Gives title and author. Takes a stance on analysis of story.
16 points
Thesis general but analytical. Reader is aware from first paragraph of the author's perspective of the story.
14 points
Thesis too broad or not clear as analysis.
0 points
Needs thesis which will analyze story. Reader not clear about what to expect.
Body
20 points
Key points developed with details and examples from text. Refers to thesis concepts. Reflects authorial stance
18 points
Gives details and examples from text to analyze thesis concept.
16 points
Uses some examples from the story without much plot summary. Focuses on thesis concept.
14 points
Plot summary. Does not tie into thesis concept.
0 points
Plot summary or biography of author. Thesis not developed with details or key points.
Conclusion
15 points
Summarizes key points made in essay. Restates thesis concept in different words. Provides a sense of closure and unification.
13 points
Summarizes points made. Restates thesis concept.
11 points
Summarizes points made in body of essay. Unifies the essay without new topics introduced.
9 points
Ends abruptly. Introduces new topic into conclusion. Does not reflect information in introduction, thesis, and body.
0 points
Lacks summary of points or sense of unity in essay.
Academic tone
10 points
Semi-formal, academic tone with clear sentence structure and phrasing. Third person used throughout. No cliches, slang, or colloquialisms used.
8 points
Semi-formal, academic tone with clear sentence structure and phrasing. Third person used throughout.
6 points
Clear tone but may contain usage of first person, or occasional informal usage.
4 points
Too informal, usage of first person, and language usage does not reflect the academic reader.
0 points
Does not reflect the tone of academic writing.
Citations
25 points
Uses in-text citations accurately after examples from text. Provides Work Cited list with accurate citation(s).
22 points
Accurate in-text and Works Cited citation(s).
19 points
In-text and end citations may have errors, but show patterns given in our textbook.
17 points
Inadequate information to allow reader to find sources. Usage of URL as main citation. In-text citations missing or not accurate.
0 points
Missing or invalid.
Mechanics
10 points
Free of errors in punctuation, spelling, grammar, and sentence structure
8 points
Few errors in spelling, punctuation or grammar. Complete sentences with conventional phrasing.
7 points
Errors are too frequent, but few sentence construction problems--fragments, run on sentences or comma splices.
6 points
Too many errors. Problems with sentence constructions: fragments, fused senten.
Critical analysis of primary literature - PracticePurposeThis.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical analysis of primary literature - Practice
Purpose:
This purpose of this assignment is to critically analyze each section of one research paper, in order to gain experience dissecting, summarizing, and evaluating primary literature.
Skills:
As a result of completing this assignment, you will gain skills required to analyze and evaluate information from any source, and to apply the process of science to analyze and evaluate primary sources, including:
· Identifying and rewording hypotheses and predictions
· Evaluating experimental methods within the context of the hypotheses and predictions
· Analyzing statistical tests and describing their meaning
· Analyzing, interpreting, and summarizing Results and Interpretations, including the meaning and descriptive value of figures and tables
Tasks and Rubric:
· Select and read one of the provided papers that reports on original experimental research.
· Consider watching the Intro To Stats video lecture for help understanding the methods.
· Begin a Collaboration with me through our Canvas site (so that I may access and comment on it at any time), and complete the following analyses of the journal article:
Commentary Part 1
Focus on the Abstract and Introduction of the publication:
1. Explain in your own words why the researchers conducted this study; what is the value in studying their system? What background information is included to inform you of the relevance, importance or potential implications of the study?
2. Restate the researcher’s hypothesis and their predictions in your own words; Identify where they stated their hypothesis and predictions, and whether it was stated explicitly or implied. Did the researchers choose appropriate experiments or observations to test their hypothesis? Explain why you think so.
Commentary Part 2
Focus on the Materials and Methods:
1. In your own words, summarize the experimental methods (if there are multiple, summarize what you believe is the most important experiment).
2. Explainthe statistical method or test used to analyze their most important results: on what dataset is the statistical test applied? What is the test statistic measuring? What are the confidence limits, p-value, or R2 value, etc. and the significance level associated with the test statistic?
Commentary Part 3
Focus on the Results and Discussion:
1. Evaluate two figures or tables that visually explain the most important result: Explain what each one attempts to show. Explainhow the figures and tables do or do not help clarify the written results.
2. Evaluate the Results & Discussion: Do they match the predictions and therefore support the hypothesis, or do the results falsify the hypothesis...or do they suggest a way in which the hypothesis (or predictions) should be modified? Explain.
Additional criteria and tips. To receive 15 points, you must:
· Use no smaller than 11 point font, 0.75 inch borders.
· Use correct grammar and punctuation and adhere to Standard English sentence st.
Critical analysis of one relevant curriculum approach or model..docxwillcoxjanay
Critical analysis of one relevant curriculum approach or model.
Recommended Reading
Arce, E., & Ferguson, S. (2013). Curriculum for young children: An introduction (2n ed.). Wadsworth, CA: Cengage Learning.
Brady, L & Kennedy, K (2013). Curriculum construction (5th ed.). Australia: Pearson.
Cohen, L., & Waite-Stupiansky, S. (2013). Learning across the early childhood curriculum, UK: Emerald.
Curtis, C. (2011). Reflecting children's lives: a handbook for planning your child-centered curriculum (2nd ed.), St Paul, Minnesota: Redleaf Press.
Elias, C., & Jenkins, L. (2011). A practical guide to early childhood curriculum, 9th edn, NJ: Pearson Education.
Eliason, C., & Jenkins, L. (2012). A Practical Guide to Early Childhood Curriculum, 9th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education
File N., Mueller, J., & Wisneski, D. (2012). Curriculum in early childhood education: re-examined, rediscovered, renewed New York: Routledge.
Fleer, M. (2013). Play in the early years, UK: Cambridge University.
Gronlund, G. (2010). Developmentally appropriate play: guiding young children to a higher level. St Paul, MN: Redleaf
Hunter, L., & Sonter, L. (2012). Progressing play: practicalities, intentions and possibilities in emerging co-constructed curriculum. Warner, QLD, Australia: Consultants at play.
Ingles, S. (2015). Developing critical skills: Interactive exercises for pre-service teachers. Kendall Hunt.
Irving, E., & Carter, C. (2018 in Press). The Child in Focus: Learning and Teaching in Early Childhood Education, Melbourne: Oxford University Press (particularly Chapter 4: Play and Play-based learning and Chapter 5: Curriculum and Pedagogy)
Kostelnik, M. J., Soderman, A. K., & Whiren, A. P. (2011). Developmentally appropriate curriculum: Best practices in early childhood education. Boston, MA: Pearson Education
Page, J.,& Taylor, C. (Eds). (2016). Learning & Teaching in the Early Years. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR). (2009).
Belonging, being and becoming: The early years learning framework for Australia
. Australian Capital Territory, Australia: Commonwealth of Australia.
Pugh, G., & Duffy, B. (2014). Contemporary issues in the early years (6th ed.), Sage Publications, London.
Van Hoorn, J., Nourat, P.M., Scales, B., & Alward, K.R. (2015). Play at the center of curriculum (6th ed.). New Jersey, U.S.: Prentice Hall.
Wood, E. (2013). Play, learning and the early childhood curriculum (3rd ed.). London, England: Sage.
.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
1. TUI University
MAT 101 Nov 2012
Module 5 - SLP
Professor: Dr. Karonika
1. The cost of getting new life insurance depends on how old
you are, and how old you are depends on what year you were
born. Provide an example of a composite function using these
2. variables.
2. The amount of time it takes to get to work depends on how
much traffic there is, and the amount of traffic there is depends
on what time of day it is. If we call the amount of traffic C and
the time of day t, then C is a function of t. If we call the time it
takes to get to work W, then W is a function of C. Provide an
example of a composite function using these variables.
3. Make up your own example of a composite function. Be sure
to explain (1) what your variables are, (2) how they are
represented in the function, and (3) which elementary functions
are combined to form the composite function.
4. Submit a one to two page paper describing which savings
instrument you would prefer and why by the end of the module.
What Is Individualism? Page 1 of 4
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What Is Individualism?
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Individualism is an idea that has operated in numerous
countries for several hundred years or more. It is most often
tied
to the United States, when Thomas Jefferson insisted the
government function as an entity that sought to serve the rights
and freedoms of the individual instead of to interfere with them
and provoked the authoring of the Bill of Rights. Jeffersonian
views were only partly individualist, however, since the Bill of
Rights did nothing to protect slaves or Native Americans. True
individualistic doctrine would oppose such a stance today.
Essentially, when a person endorses individualism, they believe
that the person's rights are far more important than the rights of
any collective group (government or society) provided those
4. rights are not exercised in a way that harms others. Exactly
what the definition of "harm" is, is a highly debatable issue. A
businessman who dumps pollutants into a lake might be viewed
as exercising harmful behavior or not, depending on
interpretation. Some individualists may argue against taxes
collected to serve the common good, the necessity of public
schooling, regulatory agencies established by governments, or
any laws that inhibit rights. They would especially oppose the
idea that society was a collective unit (often called
collectivism),
and that people needed legislation to be responsible or to take
care of each other.
Interestingly, individualism is frequently associated with the
extreme right in the US, but this is not an easy marriage. While
the extreme right frequently seeks lower taxes and less
regulation, it also seeks to regulate behavior, especially on
issues of abortion, sex education and gay marriage. These are
attempts to impose moral standards on other individuals, which
is not an individualistic stance. Typically, the true individualist
may be most comfortable associating themselves with the US
Libertarian Party.
On the opposite end of the spectrum to individualism is
totalitarianism. In totalitarianism, government is never limited
and can constantly infringe on the rights of the people, to any
degree it wants. Collectivist governments are often far more
limited, though this is not always the case. They may have set
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5. What Is Individualism? Page 2 of 4
laws, invoke people's participation in the creating or
maintenance of laws, and make determinations of basic rights.
The US would be an example of a collectivist government (with
a number of people holding individualist views). It does view
society's needs over the individual's needs in some cases, but it
additionally sets down laws that dictate basic rights and it
works
to protect those laws. In a collectivist stance, the needs of the
many override the needs of a single person, though that person
can vote with each election and still enjoys significant freedom.
Striking a balance between maintaining individual and
collective
rights is very challenging. More strident collectivism minimizes
freedoms to which individuals are entitled because the whole is
greater than the sum of its parts.
People in the US are often identified as possessing highly
individualistic traits. This doesn't mean they hold consistent
views of individualism. However, US folks may be more
opinionated and have a stronger sense and feeling of
entitlement to what their rights might be, whether at home or
abroad. Such behavior may be contrasted to the behavior and
thinking of those in societies that are more strongly collective
or
totalitarian in nature.
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10. Societies and groups can differ in the extent to which they are
based upon predominantly "self-regarding" (individualistic and
arguably self-interested) rather than "other-regarding" (group-
orientated and group or society minded) behaviour. There is
also a distinction relevant in this context between guilt societies
(internal reference standard) and shame societies (e.g. Japan)
with an external reference standard and where people look to
their peers for feedback as to whether an action is acceptable.
The extent to which society or groups are individualistic can
vary from time to time and from country to country. For
example, Japanese society is more group orientated (e.g.
decisions tend to be taken by groups rather than individuals)
and it has been argued that "personalities are less developed"
(than is usual in the West). The USA is usually thought of as
being at the individualistic (it's detractors would say atomistic)
end of the spectrum, whereas European societies are more
inclined to believe in public-spiritedness, state spending, and
public initiatives.
J.K. Galbraith made a classic distinction between private
affluence and public squalor in the USA and private squalor and
public affluence in e.g. Europe and there is a correlation
between individualism and degrees of public sector intervention
and taxation. Such issues tie in with the theory of free markets
as set out e.g. by Adam Smith; they also tie in with theories of
liberty and development where it is generally argued that
excessive state intervention tends to reduce liberty and slow
development (see pluralism).
Individualism is often contrasted with totalitarianism and
collectivism, but in fact there is a spectrum of behaviours
ranging at the societal level from highly individualistic
societies (e.g. the USA) through mixed societies (a term the UK
has used in the post-WW2 period) to totalitarian.
11. Individualism, closely associated with some variants of the
ideals of capitalism, libertarianism and classical liberalism,
typically takes it for granted that individuals know best and that
public authority or society has the right to interfere in the
person's decision-making process only when a very compelling
need to do so arises (and maybe not even in those
circumstances). This type of argument is often observed in
relation to policy debates regarding regulation of industries.
At the time of the formation of the United States, many of its
citizens had fled from state or religious oppression in Europe
and were influenced by the egalitarian and fraternal ideals that
later found expression in the French revolution. Such ideas
influenced the framers of the U.S. Constitution (the Jeffersonian
Democratic-Republicans) who believed that the government
should seek to protect individual rights in the constitution
itself; this idea later led to the Bill of Rights.
Individualism has negative connotations in certain societies and
environments where it is associated with selfishness. For
example, individualism is highly frowned upon in Japan where
self-interested behaviour is traditionally regarded as a kind of
betrayal of those to whom one has obligations e.g. family and
firm. The absence of universal health care in the United States,
which traces back to a belief in individual (rather than societal)
responsibility, is widely criticised in Europe where universal
health care (usually funded in Europe through general taxation)
is seen as protecting individuals from the vagaries of health
problems; health care is seen in Europe as a classic case where
insurance at a societal level is right and sensible.
Capitalism and Individualism
Karl Marx argued that the structure of production (structure of
the economy) determined the structure of society, and there is
12. little doubt that evolving trends in society, many to do with the
evolution of industry and trade, influence society and the way
people interact. For example, the emergence of automobile and
air transportation, together with the speed of economic change,
has tended to fracture families in the West and to erode the
influence of the extended family. The opening of the Japanese
economy to international free markets has tended to erode its
ability to have consensus decision-making at a societal level.
It can be argued that capitalism is not based on individuals but
largely on firms and institutions, and that individuals' roles are
largely determined by institutions. However, compared to
socialist states, many of which have either collapsed or started
to convert to capitalism during the late 1980s and early 1990s,
capitalism is considered still individualistic. In capitalism,
individuals have choices with regard to institutional affiliation
(for which institution s/he works), whereas in many socialist
economies workplaces, as well as place of residence, spending,
and artistic and political expression, are heavily regulated or
determined by the state.
See: self purpose, tragedy of the commons,
References
· The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith
· The Open Society and Its Enemies, Karl Popper
The Importance of Individuality
· Mar 29, 2009
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All humans have a basic need to express themselves, to show
others who we are, what we believe in, and how we are
different. This is what make us individual, special and unique.
We choose to express ourselves differently based on our
personality. Some people express their creativity and
personality through creating art or music, others have special
hobbies that show off their skills and abilities. Choosing not to
make bold statements is also a way of expressing your
personality.
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Most common perhaps, is the way we present ourselves to the
world through clothing and appearance. This is why almost all
subcultures can be identified and recognised by their chosen
way of dressing or why teenagers seem to change fashion ideals
all the time in a period of their lives when personality is being
formed.
Individuality is what makes life and people interesting and
exiting!
It is also what makes people trust you. When we express our
individuality, we show people that we have nothing to hide and
14. that what you see is what you get.
Most people though, do not have the opportunity to express
themselves as freely as they may like to because they have
certain obligations. Generally this means work responsibilities.
After all some jobs do not lend themselves to outrageous
dressing or bold statements of individuality. Customers would
be somewhat concerned if their accountant or bank
representative decided to show up for work in flip flops and
shorts even if they were passionate surfers in their free time. In
many ways society 'pigeon holes', or attempts to, in order to
enable us to not only conform but be instantly recognisable to
others.
But conforming to certain ideals and stereotypes in order to be
taken seriously doesn't have to imply curbing all expressing of
individuality. In businesses there are many leaders whose
personalities often play a big part in the publics perception of a
company such as Donald Trump or Richard Branson.
Small things such as your businesses card can say a lot about
you. What font is your name written in? What colour paper have
you chosen? How big are the letters and where are they placed
on the card?
Classy, hand written fonts show style and sophistication. Big,
bold letters show a healthy ego and drive. Rounded and soft
letters show creativity and an easy going personality. Font is
important!
Colours are important. Simple white paper with black letters,
shows unpretentiousness and seriousness. Bright colours and
coloured text shows something else entirely. Is the letters
written in all capitals? Is the company logo big and dominant or
subtle?
15. There are many ways of expressing you own or your companies
individuality on your businesses card. As such, it is a good idea
to think about what you are trying to communicate to your
target audience. After all, when your clients or people you meet
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Vol. 7, No. 1
This article is from TOS Vol. 7, No. 1. The full contents of the
issue are listed here.
Individualism vs. Collectivism: Our Future, Our Choice
Craig Biddle
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The fundamental political conflict in America today is, as it has
been for a century, individualism vs. collectivism. Does the
individual’s life belong to him—or does it belong to the group,
the community, society, or the state? With government
expanding ever more rapidly—seizing and spending more and
more of our money on “entitlement” programs and corporate
bailouts, and intruding on our businesses and lives in
increasingly onerous ways—the need for clarity on this issue
has never been greater. Let us begin by defining the terms at
hand.
Individualism is the idea that the individual’s life belongs to
him and that he has an inalienable right to live it as he sees fit,
to act on his own judgment, to keep and use the product of his
effort, and to pursue the values of his choosing. It’s the idea
that the individual is sovereign, an end in himself, and the
fundamental unit of moral concern. This is the ideal that the
American Founders set forth and sought to establish when they
drafted the Declaration and the Constitution and created a
18. country in which the individual’s rights to life, liberty,
property, and the pursuit of happiness were to be recognized
and protected.
Collectivism is the idea that the individual’s life belongs not to
him but to the group or society of which he is merely a part,
that he has no rights, and that he must sacrifice his values and
goals for the group’s “greater good.” According to collectivism,
the group or society is the basic unit of moral concern, and the
individual is of value only insofar as he serves the group. As
one advocate of this idea puts it: “Man has no rights except
those which society permits him to enjoy. From the day of his
birth until the day of his death society allows him to enjoy
certain so-called rights and deprives him of others; not . . .
because society desires especially to favor or oppress the
individual, but because its own preservation, welfare, and
happiness are the prime considerations.”1
Individualism or collectivism—which of these ideas is correct?
Which has the facts on its side?
Individualism does, and we can see this at every level of
philosophic inquiry: from metaphysics, the branch of
philosophy concerned with the fundamental nature of reality; to
epistemology, the branch concerned with the nature and means
of knowledge; to ethics, the branch concerned with the nature of
value and proper human action; to politics, the branch
concerned with a proper social system.
We’ll take them in turn.
Metaphysics, Individualism, and Collectivism
When we look out at the world and see people, we see separate,
distinct individuals. The individuals may be in groups (say, on a
soccer team or in a business venture), but the indivisible beings
we see are individual people. Each has his own body, his own
mind, his own life. Groups, insofar as they exist, are nothing
19. more than individuals who have come together to interact for
some purpose. This is an observable fact about the way the
world is. It is not a matter of personal opinion or social
convention, and it is not rationally debatable. It is a perceptual-
level, metaphysically given fact. Things are what they are;
human beings are individuals.
A beautiful statement of the metaphysical fact of individualism
was provided by former slave Frederick Douglass in a letter he
wrote to his ex-“master” Thomas Auld after escaping bondage
in Maryland and fleeing to New York. “I have often thought I
should like to explain to you the grounds upon which I have
justified myself in running away from you,” wrote Douglass. “I
am almost ashamed to do so now, for by this time you may have
discovered them yourself. I will, however, glance at them.” You
see, said Douglass, . . .
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BUSI 340
Discussion Board Instructions
The learning theories, upon which this course is based, are
actualized in the Discussion Board Forums. At the beginning of
each module/week, you will choose a key term to research. You
will be required to write a thread of at least 400 words on the
topic, complete with page references and specifics to document
20. the response, and post it to the corresponding Discussion Board
Forum. Correct use of English and grammar are required.
Additionally, you will be required to post a substantive written
reply of a minimum of 200 words to at least 3 classmates’
Discussion Board threads.
To complete your thread:
1. Select a key term from assigned chapters.
2. Terms cannot be duplicated; therefore, reserve it as a topic on
the Discussion Board Forum by posting a thread with only the
term in the subject line. Topics can be reserved beginning at
12:01 a.m. (ET) on Monday of Modules/Weeks 1, 3, 5, and 7.
Topic reservations posted earlier will be deleted.
3. Conduct an Internet search to find and read 3 recent articles
that relate to the term.
4. Select the 1 article that you wish to discuss.
5. Post a new thread that contains the following information in
the following format, using the headers so that you ensure that
all aspects of the assignment are completed as required. Failure
to follow these instructions will result in a 1-point deduction.
a. Definition: Give a brief definition of the key term followed
by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the
400-word requirement.
b. Summary: Give a brief summary of the selected article, in
your own words.
c. Discussion:
i. Give a brief discussion of how the article relates to the
selected chapter key term. This gives you the opportunity to add
value to the discussion by sharing your experiences, thoughts,
and opinions. Draw your peers into discussion of topics by
21. asking questions. This is the most important part of the posting!
ii. Include the complete URL of each article (use a persistent
link for articles from the Liberty University Online Library) in
APA-reference format of each article read. These do not count
toward the 400-word requirement.
6. Threads are due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the
assigned module/week.
7. Click here for assistance with APA formatting.
To complete your replies:
1. Read the postings of your peers and the articles which are
referenced (This is why it is imperative that the articles be
accessible via working URL links). Expect to spend some time
each day reviewing all threads and replies, even those in which
you are not involved.
2. Write at least 200 words to 3 or more classmates’ threads.
You should expect to answer questions posed within each
discussion thread. Student interaction is key to success in this
course.
3. Replies are due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) Monday of every assigned
module/week, except Module/Week 8, in which assignments
must be completed by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Friday.
Grading
Consult the accompanying document to see a rubric for how
your instructor will grade this assignment. Note that late
postings will receive zero credit. Also, any form of plagiarism,
including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the
entire assignment, plus a required 500-word written paper on
the topic of plagiarism in order to receive credit for this
22. assignment.
Tips
Articles may be found in the Wall Street Journal, Financial
Times, the Economist, or any other reputable website that deals
with business. You will be performing academic research, which
utilizes reliable sources of information from reputable
magazines or newspapers that are available in electronic format
or hard copy.
Sites that are absolutely not acceptable are:
· Wikipedia
· About.com
· Commercial sites (usually a consultant's web page, but may
take other forms)
· Blogs (be careful, some look very convincing)
· Education sites (these usually do not contain articles, but
rather lecture notes or student papers)
You can utilize the Liberty University Online Library portal for
research, but note that some articles may not offer persistent
links. If you utilize articles found in LexisNexis or other sites
that are behind security walls, you will need to make the
articles available to classmates by copying and pasting into a
Word document and attaching the document to the thread. If this
is done, be sure that you include the APA-formatted references
included at the bottom of the Discussion Board posting. This is
easily accomplished by saving all articles to a folder and then
making the folder a zip file. The zip file can then be attached to
the Discussion Board submission. Here is a link to the Liberty
University Online Library.
23. The availability of the articles that you research regarding the
topic is important because classmates must be able to read the
articles to form their own opinions and gain further insight into
the topic. Students need to understand not merely the key terms
but also how to research reliable sources. This is not only to
further their education, but also for their professional use.
Discussion Board Example
Groupthink
Definition: Organizational Behavior notes, “Groupthink is the
tendency of highly cohesive groups to value consensus at the
price of decision quality” (McShane & Von Glinow, 2008, p.
257).
Summary: The article entitled “The Turn to Online Research is
Narrowing the Range of Modern Scholarship, a New Study
Suggests” written by Rebecca Tuhus-Dubrow discusses how the
internet has made accessing research and other things on the
internet extremely easy. By using search engines this has caused
groupthink for many students conducting research. (Instructor
Note: This is a shorter summary. Do not feel like you have to
limit yourself to this length in the summary section.)
Discussion: The internet has made performing research for
students a matter of seconds. Students used to have to go to the
library and conduct research out of textbooks and other
publications but now by simply typing your subject in a search
engine a variety of choices are at your fingertips. “Millions of
journal articles are available online, enabling scholars to find
material they never would have encountered at their university
libraries” (Tuhus-Dubrow). A recent study by James Evans, a
sociologist at the University of Chicago, has “determined that
as more journal issues came online news papers referenced a
relatively smaller pool of articles which tended to be more
recent, at the expense of older and more obscure work” (Tuhus-
Dubrow).
24. The internet just like everything else has it costs as well as
benefits. Just like the article states the internet has started to
dominate people’s lives. People rely on the internet for
everything for both work and personal use. “Our daily
experience- what we watch, listen to, and read; the people we
date and the friendships we maintain—is increasingly shaped by
the vast information landscape of the internet, and how it is
filtered for personal use” (Tuhus-Dubrow).
The internet is considered to be a new form of groupthink
because when searching for articles students are not highly
selective in the choices they make and they tend to pick one of
the few search choices that comes up. Also, the other
alternatives of research are now not used due to the convenience
of the internet. “Search engines must present results in some
kind of order and most sites rely on tools that rank results
primarily in two ways: in reverse chronological order and by
popularity” (Tuhus-Dubrow). If a search engine filters results
by popularity then this is groupthink because others are
succumbing to the will of the group by choosing the same
articles that show up first as results.
Do you feel that internet search engines cause groupthink? If so,
elaborate on why you think this. Do you feel that this is why
many professors at Liberty University want students to not
choose the same discussion board topics? I personally feel that
the reason professors want us to chose different topics is so that
we will not reflect the same views and chose the same articles
which would therefore be groupthink.
References
Adler, S. (2009). At davos, beware the tide of groupthink.
Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved from:
http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/content/feb2009/
db2009021_878209.htm
McShane, S., & Von Glinow, M.A. (2013). Organizational
25. behavior (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Mulrine, A. (2008). The army trains a skeptics corps to battle
groupthink. US News. Retrieved from:
http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/world/2008/05/15/the-
army-trains-a-skeptics-corps-to-battle-groupthink.html
Tuhus-Dubrow, R. (2008). Group think: The turn to online
research is narrowing the range of modern scholarship, a new
study suggests. Boston.com. Retrieved from:
http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/11/23/g
roup_think/
The below definition is from our book.
INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM
Of the many values studied across cultures, the five summarized
in Exhibit 2.7 are by far the most popular. This exhibit also lists
countries that have high, medium, or low emphasis on these
values. Two seemingly inseparable cross-cultural values are
individualism and collectivism. Individualism is the extent to
which we value independence and personal uniqueness. Highly
individualist people value personal freedom, self-sufficiency,
control over their own lives, and appreciation of the unique
qualities that distinguish them from others. Americans,
Chileans, Canadians, and South Africans generally exhibit high
individualism, whereas Taiwan and Venezuela are countries
with low individualism. 9°
Collectivism is the extent to which we value our duty to groups
to which we belong and to group harmony. Highly collectivist
people define themselves by their group memberships,
emphasize their personal connection to others in their in-groups,
and value the goals
LO6
26. individualism
A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which
people in a culture emphasize independence and personal
uniqueness. Chapter Two Individual Behavior, Personality, and
Values
• connections 2.1
55
Infosys Bridges the Cross-Cultural Divide 89 Infosys
Technologies, a technology outsourcing firm in India, was
prepared for cross-cultural differences when it acquired an
Australian company. Sean Fernando, Infosys general manager
of human resources in Australia, provides a vivid example of
one of these cultural differences: When asked to travel on
business, Infosys employees in India would pack their bags
without hesitation and be ready to go even though they lacked
details about the trip. Australian staff, on the other hand,
wanted to know about the accommodation, allowances, and
project specifics before they felt at ease. In other words,
employees
from India had noticeably lower levels of uncertainty
avoidance. Another difference was that staff in India expect the
boss
27. to give them instructions on what to do, whereas Australian
employees expect to be consulted. In other words, Australian
employees have much lower power distance. Fernando recalls an
incident where an Australian project manager met
with a project team from India. He described the project and
then suggested that they share ideas about how to successfully
complete the project. "They didn't know what he meant," says
Fernando. "Then one of the people just said:
'We were wondering when you are going to tell us what the plan
was. —
To minimize cross-cultural conflict, Infosys Australia holds
three-hour sessions in which employees from both countries
learn about their cultures and discuss how they can manage
employees with these different values. Infosys is training its
managers to be aware of cross-cultural differences when
working with employees from other countries. and well-being of
people within those groups. 9' Low collectivism countries
include the United States, Japan, and Germany, whereas Israelis
and Taiwanese have relatively high collectivism. Contrary to
popular belief, individualism is not the opposite of collectivism.
In fact, an analysis of most previous studies reported that the
two concepts are unrelated. 92 For example, cultures that highly
value duty to one's group do not necessarily give a low priority
to personal freedom and uniqueness. Generally, people across
all cultures define themselves by both their uniqueness and their
relationship to others. It is an inherent characteristic of
everyone's self-concept, which we discuss in the next chapter.
Some cultures clearly emphasize uniqueness or group
obligations more than the other, but both have a place in a
person's values and self-concept. Also note that people in Japan
have relatively low collectivism. This is contrary to many cross-
cultural books, which claim that Japan is one of the most
28. collectivist
countries on the planet! There are several explanations for the
historical misinterpretation, ranging from problems defining and
measuring collectivism to erroneous reporting of early cross-
cultural research. Whatever the reasons, studies consistently
report that people in Japan tend to have relatively low
collectivism and moderate individualism (as indicated in
Exhibit 2.7)." a connect
How much do you value individualism and collectivism? Go to
www.mcgrawhillconnect. corn to assess your individualism and
collectivism, as well as assist your learning about the topic of
cross-cultural values. collectivism
A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in
a culture emphasize duty to groups to which they belong and to
group harmony.
High: United States, Chile, Canada, South Africa Medium:
Japan, Denmark
Low: Taiwan, Venezuela Defines self more by one's uniqueness;
personal goals have priority; decisions have low consideration
of effect on others; relationships are viewed as more
instrumental and fluid. Individualism
VALUE REPRESENTATIVE BELIEFS/BEHAVIORS IN
"HIGH" CULTURES SAMPLE COUNTRIES
Uncertainty Avoidance High: Belgium, Greece Medium: United
States, Norway
Low: Denmark, Singapore Prefer predictable situations; value
stable employment,
29. s rict laws, and low conflict; dislike deviations from normal
behavior.
High: Austria, Japan Medium: United States, Brazil Low:
Sweden, Netherlands
Focus on outcomes (versus relationships); decisions based on
contribution (equity versus equality); low empathy or showing
emotions (versus strong empathy and caring). Achievement
Orientation Collectivism High: Israel, Taiwan
Medium: India, Denmark Low: United States, Germany, Japan
Defines self more by one's in-group membership; goals of
selfsacrifice and harmony have priority; behavior regulated by
in-group norms; in-group memberships are viewed as stable
with a strong differentiation with out-groups. Power Distance
High: India, Malaysia Medium: United States, Japan Low:
Denmark, Israel Reluctant to disagree with or contradict the
boss; managers are expected and preferred decision makers;
perception of dependence (versus interdependence) with the
boss. EXHIBIT 2.7 Five Cross-Cultural Values uncertainty
avoidance A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which
people in a culture tolerate
ambiguity (low uncertainty avoidance) or feel threatened by
ambiguity and uncertainty (high uncertainty avoidance).
achievement—nurturing orientation
A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in
a culture emphasize competitive versus cooperative relations
with other people.
56 Part Two Individual Behavior and Processes Sources:
Individualism and collectivism descriptions and results are from
the meta-analysis reported by D. Oyserman, H. M. Coon, and M.
Kemmelmeier,
30. "Rethinking Individualism and Collectivism: Evaluation of
Theoretical Assumptions and Meta-Analyses:' Psychological
Bulletin 128 (2002), pp. 3-72. The
other information is from G. Hofstede, Culture's Consequences,
2d ed. (Thousand Oaks, CA:
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