2. Confidential 2
Proprietary information statement
• The slides contain confidential and proprietary
information for use in patenting the technology.
• The technology material presented is available for
licensing or joint product development.
3. Confidential 3
Problem Description & Market Need
World needs for fresh water grow.
In the market energy saving, universal
and inexpensive desalination
technologies are necessary.
Throughout the world 26 countries feel
deficiency of fresh water, in 13 countries
it is sharp.1
4. Confidential 4
Distribution of renewable fresh water resources,
m3/(yearperson)
Necessary minimum - 1700 m3/(yearperson)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
K
u
w
a
i
t
U
n
i
t
e
d
A
r
a
b
E
m
i
r
a
t
e
s
S
a
u
d
i
A
r
a
b
i
a
J
o
r
d
a
n
L
i
b
y
a
n
A
r
a
b
J
a
m
a
h
i
r
i
y
a
Y
e
m
e
n
O
m
a
n
T
u
n
i
s
i
a
I
s
r
a
e
l
A
l
g
e
r
i
a
B
u
r
u
n
d
i
R
w
a
n
d
a
K
e
n
y
a
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
E
g
y
p
t
D
e
n
m
a
r
k
Z
i
m
b
a
b
w
e
S
o
u
t
h
A
f
r
i
c
a
L
e
b
a
n
o
n
H
a
i
t
i
K
o
r
e
a
,
R
e
p
C
z
e
c
h
R
e
p
u
b
l
i
c
B
e
l
g
i
u
m
P
o
l
a
n
d
M
a
l
a
w
i
B
u
r
k
i
n
a
F
a
s
o
E
t
h
i
o
p
i
a
6. Confidential 6
Demanded water-desalinating capacities
m3/(yearperson)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
K
u
w
a
i
t
U
n
i
t
e
d
A
r
a
b
E
m
i
r
a
t
e
s
S
a
u
d
i
A
r
a
b
i
a
J
o
r
d
a
n
L
i
b
y
a
n
A
r
a
b
J
a
m
a
h
i
r
i
y
a
Y
e
m
e
n
O
m
a
n
T
u
n
i
s
i
a
I
s
r
a
e
l
A
l
g
e
r
i
a
B
u
r
u
n
d
i
R
w
a
n
d
a
K
e
n
y
a
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
E
g
y
p
t
D
e
n
m
a
r
k
Z
i
m
b
a
b
w
e
S
o
u
t
h
A
f
r
i
c
a
L
e
b
a
n
o
n
H
a
i
t
i
K
o
r
e
a
,
R
e
p
C
z
e
c
h
R
e
p
u
b
l
i
c
B
e
l
g
i
u
m
P
o
l
a
n
d
M
a
l
a
w
i
B
u
r
k
i
n
a
F
a
s
o
7. Confidential 7
Technical Merits
• Expenses of the electric power less than 100 J/kg
per a product.
• Tolerance to the dissolved substance level in
initial sea water or wastewater.
• Cost of the freshened water at level 1.5-3 $/m3.
• High quality of the freshened water.
8. Confidential 8
Technology Description
• Initial sea water moves to a bottom part of the apparatus where it is
agitated with the special agent under action of ultrasound. Thus the
hot ice (clathrate) is formed.
• The formed suspension is moved by a pump in the evaporator of a
freezing machine which is located inside of the apparatus and in
which heat leaves, evolved in reaction.
• Hot ice crystals are separated from suspension on the filter located
above the evaporator, and move upwards for washing.
• Cooled water moves in a crystallizing tank.
• Hot ice crystals are melted in a melter-condenser and fresh water
is separated from special agent and it is transported to consumer.
9. Confidential 9
Advantages
• Conditions for carrying out this process
are approximated to normal ones
(pressure not above 3 atm. and
temperature in the range from 0 to 30С).
• Simple hardware equipment.
• Water with the small contents of heavy
isotopes Н2,H3 and O18.
11. Confidential 11
Experimental Results
• Energy consumption on producing of 1 kg of
desalinated water depending on the degree of
extraction of fresh water from an initial brine and its
salinity
12. Confidential 12
Stage of Development
The pilot unit is developed.
Properties of the clathrate are investigated.
13. Confidential 13
Next Steps for Development
Development of the commercial plant concept
and patenting in the USA by the results of
works performed (STCU project 3515).
Search of the partner in the USA together
with the collaborator.
Development of the commercial plant (for
example, IPP project).
14. Confidential 14
Development Costs 2
• Demonstration plant at any
location to produce 36,000
gallons/day [136 m3/day] or 40
acre-feet/year [49300 m3/year] if
operated continuously
• Commercial plant at unspecified
location to produce 3.6 million
gallons/day [13600 m3/day] or
4,000 acre-feet/year [4.93 million
m3/year]
• Commercial .plant at unspecified
location to produce 7.2 million
gallons/day [27300 m3/day] or
8,000 acre-feet/year [9.87 million
m3 /year]
$60,000
$1,432,000
$2,303,000
15. Confidential 15
Commercial Potential
The general world market of
fresh water makes
500 billion $ per year.
Nearby 1 billion persons in the world require
potable water.
17. Confidential 17
Targeted Market Segment
Commercial product is a potable water.
Potable water now in the countries without
deficiency of fresh water is on sale at the
price of from 50 up to 200 $ per 1m3.
The commercial price of the water produced
by our technology is no more 5 $ per 1m3.
18. Confidential 18
Competitors
Company Headquarters
• American Engineering Services USA
• Anglian Water PLC United Kingdom
• Ansaldo SPA Italy
• Aqua Chem, Inc. USA
• Aqua Design (Ionics) USA
• ASI USA
• Cayman Water Company, Ltd. British West Indies
• Culligan Water Technologies, Inc. USA
• Degremont SA (now Suez) France
• Dow Chemical Company (FilmTec) USA
• E.I. Dupont De Nemours and Company USA
• Fluid Systems USA
• Ham RO Systems, Inc. USA
• Hydranautics, Inc. USA
• Hydropure, Inc. USA
• Ionics, Inc. USA
• Israel Desalination Engineers USA
19. Confidential 19
Competitors
Company Headquarters
• Lyonnaise Des Eaux-Dumez (now Suez) France
• Mechanical Equipment Co. USA
• Memtec America USA
• Osmonics USA
• Polymetrics Seawater Systems USA
• Source, Inc. USA
• Suez (Ondeo) France
• Trisep Corp. USA
• United Water Resources (Suez) USA (France)
• US Filter (now owned by Vivendi) USA (France)
• US Water (Suez) USA (France)
• Vivendi Environnement France
• Water Equipment Technology USA
• The Weir Group PLC Scotland
20. Confidential 20
The technological competitor
• Richard A. McCormack. (Ramco, Inc., San
Diego, Calif.).
• Michael D. Max. (Marine Desalination
Systems, L.L.C., Washington, DC). 3
21. Confidential 21
Competitive Matrix
Important product or technology
characteristics
Clathrate Reverse
Osmosis
Distillation
Energy consumption, kJ/kg fresh
water
(initial water – 2 % NaCl)
<100 <100 >300
Energy consumption on producing of
desalinated water depending on initial
brine salinity
depends
weakly
depends
strongly
depends
weakly
Preliminary water treatment not required required not required
Salt content in water produced, g/liter 1 — 3 <1 0
Content of heavy isotopes Н2, H3 and
O18
reduced without
changes
reduced
22. Confidential 22
References
1. James E. Miller. Review of Water Resources and Desalination
Technologies. SAND REPORT 2003-0800. Unlimited Release.
Printed March 2003
2. Richard A. McCormack. Clathrate desalination plant preliminary
research study. Water Treatment Technology Program Report No. 5
June 1995
3. Patent 6,158,239 USA. Desalination through gas hydrate/ Michael
D. Max, Dec. 12, 2000
