microbiology toxoplasma gondii

4.  Brief introduction
 Disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii
 Life cycle
 Cellular stages of Toxoplasma gondii during
its life cycle
 Laboratory diagnosis
 Treatment
 Prevention

5. 1920 Pasteur institute in Tunis ,
Charles Nicolle and Louis
manteaux
Human’s most common parasite
More in developed countries
30-50% global population is
chronically effected by T.gondii

6. It causes toxoplasmosis
TOXOPLASMOSIS
About 10-20% of people infected with
toxoplasmosis will develop symptoms similar to flu
or glandular fever, such as:
• a high temperature (fever) of 38C (100.4F) or
over.
• aching muscles.
• tiredness.
• feeling sick.
• sore throat.
• swollen glands

7. Infants with severe congenital toxoplasmosis
usually have symptoms at birth or develop
symptoms within the first six months of life.
Symptoms may include:
 premature birth — as many as half of infants
with congenital toxoplasmosis are born
prematurely
 abnormally low birth weight
 eye damage
 jaundice, yellowing of the skin and whites of
the eyes

8.  diarrhea
 vomiting
 anemia
 swollen lymph nodes
 enlarged liver and spleen
 macrocephaly, an abnormally large head
 microcephaly, an abnormally small head
 hydrocephalus, a buildup of fluid in the
skull
 intracranial calcifications,
 mild to severe mental retardation

9. LIFE CYCLE

11. Cat’s intestinal enterocytes
Bradyzoites infect
cells and become
trophozoites.
Cats Ingest of asexual stage
tachyzoites & bradyzoites
Multiplication
Merozoites
Gametocytes
Zygote
Oocyst
Encapsulation of zygote
within a rigid wall

12. Bradyzoites
Tissue cyst
Oocytes
Tachyzoites
STAGES OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII

13. • Immunofluorescence assay for IgM
antibody
• Significance rise in antibody titer in
paired sera is observed
• Organisms can be grown on culture
media and inoculated in mice for the
confirmation of diagnosis

14. CONGENITAL
TOXOPLASMOSIS ( either
symptomatic or asymptomatic )
: combinations of sulfadiazine
and pyrimethamine

15.  Cook the meat properly thoroughly to kill the cysts
 Especially pregnant women should :
 avoid uncooked food
 contact with cat feces
 Refrain from emptying litter bottles
 Cats should not be fed raw meat
 Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to patients infected
with HIV

16. ANY
QUESTIONS?