3. Characteristic of labial surface
1-cervical line convex
appically
2-2labial grooves
3-right mesio-incisal angle
4-round disto-incisal angle
5-3mammelons
6-crest of curvature is in
the cervical third the other
2/3flat
7-mesial out line straight
distal out line more or less
rounded
4. LINGUAL SURFACE
• Lingual fossa
• Cingulum
• Marginal ridges
• Cervical line covex apically
• Narrower than the labiaL
• + OF THE LABIAL
12/27/174
5. Proximal ( mesial& distal
• 1- triangular in shape
• 2- apex incisally
• 3- base at cevical line
• 4- labial out line curved
5- lingual out line is S shaped
• 6- cervical line concave
appically
19. 12/27/1719
•Occlusal: There are four well developed
cusps with developmental grooves that
meet at a right angle to form the
distinctive "+4" pattern characteristic of this
tooth.
20. (2(A 16 years old girl presented with this small
tooth between her maxillary central incisors
and dificulty in cutting with her anterior teeth
44. 12/27/1744
Palmer notation
system •Each tooth in a quadrant takes a letter (A
– E for deciduous) or a number (1 – 8 for
permanent) indicating its order when
counting from the midline
87654321
87654321
12345678
12345678
E D C B A
E D C B A A B C D E
A B C D E
46. 12/27/1746
FDI numbering system
•Proposed by FDI & adopted by WHO
•Each tooth is allocated a two-digit number;
the left designates the quadrant and the
right designates the tooth order
•Examples
–Mandibular right permanent canine 43
–Maxillary left deciduous lateral incisor 62
DECIDUOUS PERMANEMT5554535251
8584838281 7172737475
6162636465 1817161514131211
4847464544434241
2122232425262728
3132333435363738
47. 12/27/1747
Universal numbering system
•Palmer – difficulty in keyboard typing
•ADA adopted the universal system in 1968
•Letters for deciduous teeth
–Consecutive from A to T
–Following a clockwise order from maxillary right second molar to
mandibular right second molar
•Numbers for permanent teeth
–Consecutive from 1 to 32
–Following a clockwise order from maxillary right third molar to
mandibular right third molar
A B C D E
T S R Q P O N M L
K
F G H I J 12345678
3231302928272625 2423222120191817
910111213141516