The document summarizes the four main types of tissues in the human body - epithelial, muscular, connective, and nervous tissue. It describes the characteristics and functions of each type of tissue, as well as the subclasses within each type. For example, it notes that epithelial tissue forms protective layers and linings, muscular tissue includes skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle, connective tissue includes bone, cartilage and blood, and nervous tissue transmits electrical signals.

1. Tissues! Four types of tissues Connective Muscular Epithelial Nervous

2. Epithelial Tissues A sheet of cells that covers a body's surface Lines a body's cavity The major function of epithelial tissue includes protection, secretion, absorption, and filtration. Cells can be thin, flat to cubic to elongated Simple Stratified

3. Simple Epithelial Three types of simple epithelial tissues Simple squamous Simple cubiodal Simple columnar Squamous Cubiodal Stratified Columnar

4. Simple Squamous Epithelial Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration where protection is important. All Squamous cells are flat cells with an irregular flattened shape and their cytoplasm is sparse Thin and permeable this epithelium is found where filtration or the exchange of substance by rapid diffusion A one-cell layer of simple squamous epithelium forms the alveoli of the respiratory membrane. Simple Stratified

5. Simple Cubiodal Epithelial Consists of a single layer of cells as tall as they are wide Forms the wall of the smallest ducts of glands and many kidney tubules Functions are secretion and absorption Located in the kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands Simple Stratified

6. Simple columnar epithelial Columnar epithelial cells occur in one or more layers Functions are absorption, secretion of mucus enzymes Lines the digestive tract from the stomach through the rectum Displays cilia on their free surfaces, which moves substance or cells through an internal passageway. Simple Stratified

7. Stratified Epithelial Contains two or more cell layers The basal cells divide and push apically to replace the older surface cells More durable than simple epithelial protects Transitional Squamous Cubiodal columnar Pseudostratified

8. Stratified Squamous Epithelial Thick membrane composed if several layers Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion Found in the areas subjected to wear and tear, and its surface cells are being rubbed away and replaced by division of its basal cells Simple Stratified

9. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Single layer of cells of differing heights, some do not reach free surface. The nuclei lie at different levels above the basement membrane Secretes and absorbs substances Simple Stratified

10. Stratified cuboidal epithelial Rare Found in the ducts of some of the larger glands Has two layers of cubiodal cells The cells function in secretion and protection Simple Stratified

11. Stratified columnar epithelium Limited distribution in the body Small amount are found in the pharynx Occurs at transition areas or junctions between two other types of epithelium Simple Stratified

12. Transitional Epithelium Forms the lining of hollow urniary organs The cells of the basal layer are cubiodal or columnar Stretches readily and permits distension of urniary organ by contained urine Resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cubiodal Simple Stratified

13. Muscular Tissues Highly cellular Three types of muscle tissue Skeletal Cardiac smooth Voluntary Involuntary

14. Voluntary muscle Contractile tissue of the body Derived from the mesodermal layer of embyonic germ cells Skeletal

15. Skeletal muscle Tissue is packed by connective tissue organs, they are called skeletal muscles Attached to the bones of the skeleton Form flesh of the body Pull on bones or skin causing body movements Voluntary Involuntary

16. Involuntary muscle Produce movements over which we have no control Made up of bundles of fibers which are composed of elongated cells Smooth Cardiac

17. Cardiac Muscle Found in the wall of the heart Its contractions help propel blood through the blood vessels Located in the walls of the heart Smooth Involuntary

18. Smooth muscle Its cells have no visible striations Spindle shaped cells with central nuclei Cells arranged closely to form sheets Located in the walls of hollow organs Cardiac Involuntary

19. Connective tissue Found everywhere in the body Widely distrubuted of the primary tissues Four main classes of connective tissue Connective tissue proper Cartilage Bone tissue blood Connective tissue Proper Cartilage Blood Bone

20. Connective tissue proper Wraps and cushions organs Holds and conveys issue fluid Located under the epithelia of body Two subclasses Loose connective tissues Areolar Adipose reticular Dense connective tissues Dense regular Dense irregular Elastic Loose Dense

21. Loose Connective Tissue Loose connective tissues Areolar Adipose reticular Areolar Reticular Adipose

22. Dense Connective Tissue Dense connective tissues Dense regular Dense irregular Elastic Regular Irregular

23. Areolar connective Tissue Supports and binds other tissues Holds body fluids Defends against infection Stores nutrients as fat Loose Dense

24. Reticular Connective Tissue A network of reticular fibers in a typical ground substance Located in Lymphoid organs Fibers form a soft internal skeleton that supports other cell types including white blood cells,mast cells and macrophages Loose Dense

25. Adipose connective tissue Provides reserve food fuel Insulates against heart loss Supports and protects organs Located under the skin and around kidneys Has high metabolic activity Loose Dense

26. Dense regular connective tissues Parallel collagen fibers The major cell type is the fibroblast Attaches muscles to bones or to muscles Located in tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses Loose Dense

27. De nse Irre gular Connective Tissue Irregularly arranged collagen fibers Forms sheets in the body areas where tension is exerted from many different directions Found in the skin as the leathery dermis, and forms joint capsules and the fibrous coverings that surround organs Able to with stand tension exerted in many directions Provides structural strength Loose Dense

28. Cartilage Stands up to both tension and compression Lacks nerve fibers and its avascular Receives nutrients by diffusion Three varieties of cartilage Hyaline cartilage Elastic cartilage fibrocartilage Hyaline Elastic Fibro cartilage

29. Hyaline Cartilage Supports and reinforces and resists compressive stress Forms most of the embryonic skeleton, Covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities Cartilage

30. Elastic Cartilage Identical to hyaline cartilage Found where strength and stretchability is needed Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility Supports the external ear Cartilage

31. Fibro cartilage Has tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock Has tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock Located in interverebral discs, pubic symphysis, and disc of knee joint Cartilage

32. Bone (osseous tissue)‏ Hard calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers, lie in lacunae Bone supports and protects Provides levers for the muscles to act on Stores calcium on other minerals and fat Connective

33. Blood Transports of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes Classified as a connective tissue because develops from mesenchyme and consists of blood cells Contained with blood vessels Majority if blood cells are red cells Connective

34. Nervous Tissue Highly specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses Neurons are branching cells Transmits electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors with control activity Located in brain, spinal cord, and nerves

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