Herod the Great ruled as King of Judea from 37 BC until his death in 4 BC. He had 11 wives and 43 children. He was extremely paranoid and built many grand projects, including expanding the Second Temple in Jerusalem and building the port city of Caesarea. Herod imposed heavy taxes on the population to fund his massive building projects and lavish lifestyle, taxing as much as 80-90% of peoples' incomes.