The document discusses various print techniques including hand etching, linocut, screenprint, woodcut, lithography, letterpress, gravure, screen process, digital photocopying, laser printing, inkjet printing, and desktop publishing. Each technique is described along with its advantages and disadvantages. Hand etching involves using acid to cut into metal and can create detailed designs but requires chemicals that need regular replacing. Screenprinting allows printing on many surfaces but designs must be simple. Letterpress provides clear images but each color has to dry before adding the next. Laser printing and inkjet printing allow for high quality and color printing but the ink is expensive.

1. The Print Industry
Type Technique What is it? Advantages Disadvantages Example (picture)
Hand Etching Usingstrong
acid/mordant
to cut intoa
metal surface
to create a
designin
intaglio(relief)
inthe metal.
 Simple equipment
 Highetchingrate
 Highselectivity
 Requireslarge
amountsof
etchant
chemicals
 Chemicalshave
to be
consistently
replaced
Linocut A designiscut
intoa linoleum
surface witha
sharp knife,
withthe
uncarved
areas
representinga
mirrorimage
of the parts to
showprinted.
The linoleumis
inkedwitha
brayer(roller),
and then
impressed
ontopaper or
 Tough andsturdy
 Differentsurfaces
 Easy for simple
designs
 Mistakesare
irreversible
 Hard to clean
 Time consuming

2. fabric.
Screenprint Usinga woven
meshto
supportan ink-
blocking
stencil to
receive a
desiredimage.
 Can printon a very
large varietyof
materialsand
objects
 Allowsmanyprints
to be created
before inkneeds
replacing
 Fragile
 Have to be
simple designs
Woodcut A relief
printingartistic
technique in
printmaking.
 Fast and easy
 Cheap
 Durable
 Have to be
simple designs
Lithography A methodof
printing
originally
basedon the
immiscibilityof
oil and water.
Printingis
froma
lithographic
limestoneora
metal plate
witha smooth
surface.
 Fast
 Cheap
 The images
producedare clear
and sharp
 Complicated

3. Mechanical Letterpress A technique of
relief printing
usinga
printingpress.
 Straightforward
 Clearimages
 Slow
 Each colour has
to dry before a
new colourcan
be added
 Time consuming
Gravure A type of
intaglio
printing
process,which
involves
engravingthe
image ontoan
image carrier.
 Highquality
 Brightcolours
 Expensive
 Time consuming
Screenprocess A methodof
printingusing
a fine meshof
silktreated
withan
impermeable
coatingexcept
inthe areas
throughwhich
inkis
subsequently
forcedonto
the paper
behind.
 Fast  Complicated

4. Digital Photocopying The processof
makingpaper
copiesof
documents
and other
visual images.
 Fast
 Cheap
 Large
 Expensive
 Inkneedstobe
replaced
regularly
Laser printing An
electrostatic
digital printing
processthat
veryrapidly
produceshigh-
qualitytext,
graphics&
photographs
by repeatedly
passinga laser
beamback &
forthoveran
electron-
charged,
cylindrical
drum,to
define a
differentially-
charged
image.
 Highquality
 Fast
 Colourprintingis
possible
 Noiseless
 Lightweight
 Expensive
 May needtime
to dry

5. Inkjet A type of
computer
printingthat
recreatesa
digital image
by propelling
dropletsof ink
ontopaper.
 Cheap
 Highquality
 Fast
 Inkis expensive
 Inkneeds
replacing
regularly
 Inkneedstime
to dry
Desktop
publishing
The creationof
documents
usingpage
layoutskillson
a personal
computer.
 Cheap
 Simple touse
 It doesn’thave
as many
featuresas
otherprograms