The document provides historical context about Ernest Hemingway's novella "The Old Man and the Sea". It discusses that the novella was published in 1952 and considered Hemingway's greatest work, winning the Pulitzer Prize in 1953. It also influenced Hemingway winning the Nobel Prize in Literature. The novella was part of the Modernist literary period. It then discusses Hemingway's life experiences, including fishing and hunting, that influenced the novella. After years of criticism, "The Old Man and the Sea" was a success that boosted Hemingway's career. Since publication there have been three film adaptations that tried to do justice to Hemingway's story.