The document discusses conflict diamonds, also known as blood diamonds. Conflict diamonds are rough diamonds mined in war zones and used by rebel groups to fund violence in countries like Sierra Leone, Angola, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. These rebel groups force local men, women, and children to work in dangerous mining conditions where they face violence, torture, and even dismemberment. By checking if diamonds are conflict-free, consumers can help curb this illicit trade that funds human rights abuses.