Task 9-final project

KKKH 4284
PERANCANGAN BANDAR LESTARI
TASK 9: FINAL PROJECT
GROUP MEMBERS:
AZIZA BINTI ESA A133613
NURUL IMAMAH BINTI TAJRI A132955
NURFAZLIN ERNY BINTI MOHD NORDIN A134243
Lecturers:
Prof. Ir. Dr. RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH BIN O.K. RAHMAT
PUAN NORLIZA BINTI MOHD AKHIR
Dr. MUHAMMAD NAZRI BIN BORHAN

INTRODUCTION
Kajang is a town in the eastern part of Selangor, Malaysia. Kajang is the district capital of Hulu
Langat. It is located 21 kilometers (13 mil) from Malaysia’s capital, Kuala Lumpur. The first
settlement in Kajang was established in 1709. In 1807, Kajang was founded after the Klang war.
Because of its central location, it was made the district capital of Hulu Langat. The current
locational gravity of growth in Kajang would be Sungai Chua.
The total population of Kajang has grown rapidly in the past few years, with estimated
population growth of 9% per annum. The latest population in Kajang is 342,657 which is 60.4%
Malay, 19.3% Chinese, 9.7% Indians and 10.6% other ethnic groups. The employment in Kajang
is coming from the industrial sector, public sector, private sector and also agricultural. The soon-
to-be-realised Klang Valley MRT station in Bandar Kajang will boost the property value in
Sungai Chua.
As of 2004, a few township have been developed in Kajang, such as Taman Prima
Saujana (straight from Jalan Cheras), sungai Chua, Taman Kajang Perdana (Kajang Highlands).
Lately, many high-end developments has mushroomed in Kajang such as Twin Palms, Sri
Banyan, Country Heights, Jade Hills and Prima Paramount. Areas surrounding these new
townships are easily accessible via the SILK Expressway. Kajang is governed by the Majlis
Perbandaran Kajang.
The center of Kajang is the bustling Old Town, where all the roads meet. Most of the
colonial-era buildings were constructed around the 1920s to 1930s. The architecture of these
shophouses is a combination of traditional Chinese and European designs. The ground floor was
used mostly for commercial activities and the upper floor as the family living quarter.
One of Kajang's landmarks is Stadium Kajang which is situated in the heart of the town.
It is near a popular hangout place among the locals named Haji Samuri, which is also home to
the famous dish satay Kajang. People come from all over Malaysia to taste the satay here. The
stadium can accommodate up to 5,000 people and is used throughout the year for the community
soccer competitions.
Another landmark is the Kajang Mosque or Masjid Kajang, which is easily recognisable
by its bright yellow facade. The mosque was painted and decorated by a local wealthy man,

Datuk Ujang bin Bagong, for the benefit of the local Muslims. The mosque is lively at night with
Islamic activities.
For this project, we need to plan a sustainable city to ensure that the development is
natural environment, have a good transportation systems, enhance the living environment and at
the same time conserving the land. Safe and healthy living environment should be considered for
the need of all residence including disabled, disadvantage and the aged.
QUALITY OF DEVELOPMENT
During the review period, the quality of life of all Malaysians further improved in almost all
aspects as the Government continued to implement measures and programmes to increase
income levels and improve the provision of and access to social services. The steady rise in
income was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the incidence of poverty as well as
continued enhancement in health, education, transport and communications, working and family
life as well as public safety. Considerable improvements were also made in the area of working
life with reductions in the unemployment rate, number of industrial accidents as well as the
number of work-days lost due to industrial actions. The decline in the industrial accident rate can
be attributed to the effective enforcement of the
Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 and the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 1994, as
well as the provision of better education and awareness programmes to workers. The fewer
work-days lost was mainly due to intensive conciliatory efforts taken through direct negotiations
and interventions to resolve disputes. Health promotion and disease prevention programmes
continued to be accorded high priority. The programmes took into account the increasing
affluence of society and its sedentary and stress-filled lifestyles and emphasised the promotion of
a healthy lifestyle, better nutrition, immunisation, safe drinking water supply as well as food
quality and safety. As part of the preventive and promotive health programme, the thematic
lifestyle campaign focused on the practice of healthy behaviour and food safety. The coverage
and scope of the childhood immunization programme was further improved. The National Food
Safety Policy and a Plan of Action were formulated to ensure the quality and safety of locally
produced and imported food. The environmental health programme was also strengthened to

ensure a safe and healthy environment. Education also improved with increases in the literacy
rate, participation rates at pre-school and tertiary levels and the teacher-student ratio. The
participation rate in secondary schools registered a mixed performance while the tertiary level
showed an improvement.
These improvements were made possible with the construction of additional classrooms,
which improved the class-classroom ratio; implementation of educational support programmes
such as scholarships, textbook-on-loans and financial assistance; implementation of the
centralised school system, which facilitated the provision of adequate teaching and learning
facilities. The expansion of existing universities, the setting up of new universities and the
provision of financial assistance through the National Higher Education Fund, enabled a larger
number of qualified students from low-income families to gain access to higher education, and
further increased student intake and enrolment in the public universities. Also, save living
environment, provide a clean, pleasant to access to high quality will be included in the quality of
development. Different types of public transport also can be considered to have a better
development such as BRT system and cycling.
INTEGRATING TRANSPORT AND DEVELOPMENT
The increase in the number of vehicles contributed to traffic congestion, particularly in highly
urbanized areas. Integrated transport planning is concerned with the development of broad plans
that address all aspects of the transportation system including benefits and impacts from
transport and impacts within the community. This plan sets the broad policy agenda required to
establish continuous improvement towards a sustainable transport system.
To address the congestion, measures were taken to continuously improve the transport
system, with an emphasis on making the system more integrated, efficient and reliable.
Commuter is the main modes of transportation to the Kuala Lumpur city, so the station should be
located nearer to the city so that the user would not have the problems to go to the station.
Besides, the school authorities should provide a traffic guard in front of the school during peak
hour to make sure the safety of the school children.

If possible, the town council of Kajang should provide a bus station in the city so that the
bus would have a proper bus station and the level of services would be increased. Proper bus
station should be constructed along the way from out of Kajang to the city especially from Bangi
because there are a lot of potential visitors from here due to existing of educational institution
such as UKM. Furthermore, we have planned to provide the exclusive lanes for public transport
which the buses or taxi will be separate with private cars. Then, we will give the better
information for all transport users, the pedestrians in public or private transportation, to allow
them to make the better judgements. Traffic flows can be smooth and congestion will be reduced
with better information.
Proper bus station along the way Bicycle lane
MINIMUM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Kajang already exhibit many problems associated with unmanaged urbanization such as
pollution, inadequate water supply, weak sewerage infrastructure, waste disposal, high crime
rates, foreigners and traffic congestion. Even though development of city can increase the
economy and bring many benefits to us in facilities way but if we ignore about the negative
impacts, it will affect on our health. We have to balance the development and environment when
we develop our city to make it sustain and healthy.

In order to enhance the problems, the feasibility of constructing gross suspended solid traps
upstream and at other strategic locations to collect waste and reduced clogging should be
investigated to provide more effective long-term measures to prevent flooding. Other than that,
we have to do the maintenance of the sewerage system to prevent flood problems and
maintaining the flow capacity of the rivers and ensuring there is no clogging. To make sure the
waste is well organized, recycle centre will be provided at the city so that more people tend to
recycle and this situation will be win-win situation.
Recycle Centre
DEVELOPMENT ACCESS
Walking and bicycling are two most environmental friendly modes of transportation that enhance
both personal and social well being. They are also very important travel modes that provide a
seamless transportation system that includes other modes of transportation such as buses and
commuter rail. In addition to transportation, these two modes of travel provide many public
access, health and economics. Effective pedestrian and bicycle network depends on several
factors such as accommodating pedestrian and bicyclist on arterial and collectors streets,
selecting appropriate facilities, creating and maintaining a system of closely-spaced
interconnected local streets and lastly overcoming barriers such as highways crossing,
intersection, railroads and rivers. Accessibility for people with disabilities means many things
raging from physical access to services and the built environment. The main

provision measure is to adapt rail, bus and taxis for easy access and adaptation of toilet and
waiting room.
We have plan some strategies to fulfill the needs of Kajang residents. Below are some
strategies that we plan to develop in Kajang town.
 Redirecting the movement pattern of using the private transport to the public transport.
 Improving the quality and as well as extending the services for public transport especially
commuter trains and local buses.
 Improve the traffic management system by implementing the smart system.
 Lower the traffic speed limits.
 Smaller corner turning radii.
 Cultivation of green strips and green trees.
 Improve the existing transportation infrastructure for shared use of streets and roads by
bicycle and motor vehicle.
 Integrating local streets, shared use path and rail-trails into the bicycle network.
 Putting ramp instead of steps.
 Provides layers, well defined signs for people with a visual impairment.
 Improving the access to toilet or washing facilities.
 Ticker gate at commuter station for the disabled.
 Wide doors for lifts.
 Elevators control buttons positioned at heights that are accessible to wheelchair users.
 Increase the parking charges in town.
 Reduce the number of parking in the Kajang town.
 Increase the price of vehicles sold in Malaysia and also decreases the number of imported
cars and motorcycles.
 Cashing out subsidies and unbundling pricing.

Landscape and Biodiversity at Kajang city
In Kajang city, there are places that do not have any landscape and also have some
landscape only. Even there have some landscape at certain place, it still not enough to sustain our
Earth. The landscape at city also not protected. Ecological diversity in Kajang has a small of
species of plants means less variety of crops and small species of animals not ensure that the
ecosystem is naturally sustained. These flora and fauna have no place to go and most of the place
was replaced with building and roads or other facilities.
Development Strategies:
a) Do not disturb the reserved forest
b) Do more landscape garden in the town.

c) Do the garden in every home
d) Place tree and plants along the road.
Renewable energy at Kajang
There is no renewable energy or a few station for renewable energy in the city of Kajang but we
produce energy that convert to the electricity from landfill. We reuse methane gas that produces
from the landfill the process then continued by convert them to energy then make it be as
electricity sources.

Issue at Kajang
Kajang have a very high density of people and the capacity was exceeding the limit of the area
that should be occupied by the residential. Kajang city is a very crowded with people and
vehicles. Thus, it will cause to environmental and social issues. Here are some of the issues that
we figured out at Kajang.
These include :
1) Higher population the population in Kajang increases rapidly and it’s also due to the
higher employment such as in commercial sector and public sector. All the residential
will be converged at Kajang city. Thus, the area will be filled with many people.
2) Environmental issue the increase in population and rapidly drive the development of
Kajang city and it contribute pollution. The critical pollution that occur in Kajang due to
the air pollution coming from transportation and for water pollution coming from
industrial and residential development along Sungai Langat. This situation make among
residential uncomfortable with the environment.

3) Lack of awareness in environmental issue among the people in the high density of
population. By that way, solid waste that generated by themincrease. A proper waste
management by people in that population should be done to reduce the transportation of
waste.
Development Strategies:
a) Every new building will have solar thermal power include at parking lot
b) Methane from biogas is an excellent alternative energy source
c) Use fluorescent light bulb to replace lamp.
d) Windmill is suitable in wide place that have wind

Environmental quality ( Air quality )
Sustainable urban development should be carried out taking into account the ability cope
that are consumption of resources, distribution of waste and pollution that is triggered on the city
and surrounding areas. The environmental activity ensure the continuity of supply of natural
resources in the present and future through effective land use, reduction of non-renewable
resources, conversation of biological resources.
Development Strategies
a) Maintain the judicious between economy, culture and ecology.
Environmental resources are those that have intrinsic value of their own or are of value for the
longer term sustainability and use by humans. In strictly economic terms, environmental
resources to a large extent are „non-tangible”. Social and human resources are defined in terms
of density of population groups, their occupational activities, their land rights, their source of
income, their standard of livings, gender aspects.

b) Make a town divide in resident place and industrial.
Housing into industrial areas may present risk of exposure of residents to potential
hazardous conditions or other incompatible industrial/commercial activities. Increases in
risk of adverse health effects (low birth weight, birth defects, certain types of cancers)
have been reported near industrial area and in some multisite studies, and although biases
and confounding factors cannot be excluded as explanations for these findings, they may
indicate real risks associated with residence near certain industrial area. So resident area
must place not to near industrial area to give good air quality to residential.
c) Always place the green in environment
Plants have been proven to remove airborne harmful contaminants. Most people spend the
majority of time indoors at home or work. Air conditioning, improved insulation, and energy-saving
all reduce air exchange in buildings, so we breathe the same air again and again.
d) Respect for land
If we protect and preserved our environment on a global scale, we all must do our part as
nations, as families and as individuals. If we practice and teach the right kind of care and
commitment in environment, it will give natural gifts to us.

Drainage by Langat River Basin
The Langat River Basin provides water for its population for domestic as well as
industrial and agriculture uses. However, population growth, rapid industrialization, urbanization
and infrastructure development are changing the socioeconomic patterns of development and
affecting the water quality and ecosystem health of the Langat Basin. Tropical ecosystems are
among the most complex in the world. Defining their health is a difficult task but concepts,
approaches and methods emerging from the literature on ecosystem health increasingly provide
insights in how this complexity can be properly examined and understood.
The Langat River Basin is situated south and adjacent to the Klang Valley Malaysia’s
highly developed urban conurbation where the nation’s capital Kuala Lumpur is located. The
Langat River Basin covers three main districts or 20 ‘Mukim’. Several large federal government
projects are located within the Basin. These development projects have spurred and influx of
commerce and industry into the Basin, affecting not only the price of land but also the pattern of
human settlements, landscapes and ecology of the basin.
The development in the Langat Basin typifies in general the pattern of urban and
industrial development on other parts of Malaysia and Southeast Asia. When new infrastructures,

the most important being roads, highways and bridge, are put in place urban sprawl spreads
fromexisting urban center, in this case Kuala Lumpur, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam and Puchong to
the north of the Basin, into areas that are less developed. This leads to the conversion of
agricultural land, and in some instances forest and other natural areas, into housing and industrial
estates as well as business and commercial center. Such development leads to the establishment
of new growth from existing towns and villages.
These areas form new urban center that replace natural and agricultural landscapes.
Langat River Basin – Project River Of Life Part II. We suggest continuing project river of life
part II at Langat River. The objective of this project is to transform the Langat River into a
vibrant and livable waterfront with high economic value. This transformation is divided into
three components that are river cleaning, beautification and river development.
River cleaning. The objective of the River Cleaning is to clean and improve the water quality
from its current Class III until Class V water quality that not suitable for body contact transform
to Class IIb that suitable for body contact recreational usage.
Beautification. The objective of the River Beautification is to beautify the river to increase the
economic viability of the area.
River development. The beautification works will spur economic investments into the areas
immediately surrounding the river corridor. To catalyst development along the corridor, potential
government land will be identified and tendered out to private developers through competitive
Kajang River (Before Redevelopment)

bidding.
This project may increase the monthly income for this city cause of the beautification and the
development. The beautification of the river and the development beside the river can be as
tourist attraction for this city.
 Use a wide place such as football field as drainage.
PARKING
Interlock concrete paver parking
Kajang River (After Redevelopment)

An interlocking concrete paver is a type of paver. This special type of paver, also known as a
segmental paver, has emerged over the last couple of decades in the United States as a very
popular alternative to brick, clay or concrete.
Superior physical properties of pavers provide longer pavement life, reduced maintenance costs
and extend the replacement cycle while conserving the use of raw materials. Concrete pavers
improve the quality of life for an environment and its users and it provide sustainable ecological
solutions proven to last.
It also provides to effectively store and treat storm water runoff. The structure of a permeable
pavement system provides a base and sub base to store runoff. They effectively trap suspended
solids, process nutrients and oils and can immobilize heavy metals.
Poured concrete is not an option because it will crack. Individual units not set in concrete placed
in sand perform far better than concrete. Before the paver was made from concrete either real
stone or a clay product had to be employed.

Advantages of interlock parking
• A large variety of paving styles
• Multitude of color possibilities
• Create your own design
• Low cost, low maintenance
• 30 year + life expectancy
• No cracking
• 3 times stronger than poured concrete
• Pavers move with soil conditions
BIKE PARKING
Bicycle parking involves the infrastructure and equipment (bike racks, bicycle locks etc.) to

enable secure and convenient parking of bicycles. Arrangements for this include lockers, racks,
manned or unmanned bicycle parking stations including automated facilities, roofs for
weatherproofing, as well as specific legal arrangements for ad hoc parking alongside railings and
other street furniture.
Bicycle parking is an important part of cycling infrastructure and as such is studied in the
discipline of Bicycle transportation engineering. In most of the United States, bicycle parking
facilities are scarce, or are so inadequate that nearby trees or parking meters are used. The
hitching post type of bicycle rack is an improvement over the old type that had a slot for the front
wheel, not the frame, but only allow for two bicycles per post. The Netherlands, where bicycles
are much in use, has two-tiered bicycle racks giving high density (the handlebars overlap, often
causing damage) and security (the bicycle is held well and is easy to lock).
Sections of existing car parks can often be retrofitted as cycle parking, offering advantages of
location, cover and security and parking for more people.
Town planning policies and regulations are increasingly requiring provision for bicycle parking
in new developments, in addition to car parking. Many mass transit stations include bicycle
parking in the form of bike racks or purpose-built bicycle parking stations to facilitate mixed-
mode commuting.
Secure bicycle parking is argued to be a key factor influencing the decision to cycle. To be
considered secure, the parking must be of a suitable design: allowing the bicycle to be locked via
the frame (see bicycle parking rack). A readily observable location can also permit so-called
passive security from passers-by. Weather protection is also desirable. As a rule, where cycling
is encouraged as an alternative to motoring, efforts are made to make bicycle parking more
convenient and attractive to use than nearby car parking arrangements. This usually means
providing a wide distribution of visible, clearly designated parking spots, close to the entrances
of destinations being served.
Storage rooms or bicycle lockers may also be provided. In some cases large concentrations of
bike parking may be more appropriate, sometimes being supervised and sometimes charging a
fee - examples include bicycle parking stations at public transport interchanges such as railway,
subway, tram, bus stations or ferry ports where they may be useful in mixed-mode commuting.

Conversely, where cycling is seen as an unwelcome or inappropriate activity, or due to lack of
knowledge about best practices, bicycle parking may simply not be provided or else placed at
awkward, distant, and out-of-sight locations. Cyclists may be expressly forbidden from parking
their bicycles at the most convenient locations. In April 2007, the authorities at the University of
California's Santa Barbara campus started confiscating bicycles parked at other than (allegedly
inconvenient) official bike racks. Some property owners or municipal authorities display signage
on fencing to discourage bicyclists from locking their bicycles.

Solar Parking
Solar parking canopies are setting the standard for elevated solar power systems. Ideal for
parking lots or open areas adjacent to facilities, these solar PV parking structures generate on-site
solar electric power, reduce energy costs and provide premium shading with protection from the
weather.
This product is adaptable by design, accommodating unique property lines and differing
topography contours. Each system is individually engineered to optimize energy output in
available space, thereby maximizing your return on investment.

Automated multi level parking
A multi-storey car park (also called a parking garage, parking structure, parking ramp, parkade,
parking building, parking deck or indoor parking) is a building designed for car parking and
where there are a number of floors or levels on which parking takes place. It is essentially a
stacked car park.
Advantages of multi level parking
• Optimal utilization of space
• Minimal land use
• Lower maintenance and operational cost
• Lower construction cost
• Secure and environmental-friendly nature

URBAN DESIGN PRINCIPLE
Urban design occurs across all parts of a city, from the inner city to the suburbs and outer
metropolitan fringe. Urban design is relevant to developments, whatever their nature and size.
City-wide transport and infrastructure networks, urban infill projects, regional towns, new
suburban developments, shopping malls, streets, office blocks, university campuses and hospitals
are all the result of urban design.
High quality urban design becomes even more important as we increase the density of our cities
and cater for a growing and changing population. It requires excellent planning, design and
management of our built environment and the supporting social and economic infrastructure.
Car-Free Street
Pedestrian zones (also known as auto-free zones and car-free zones, and as pedestrian precincts
in British English) are areas of a city or town reserved for pedestrian-only use and in which some
or all automobile traffic may be prohibited. They are instituted by communities who feel that it is
desirable to have pedestrian-only areas. Converting a street or an area to pedestrian-only use is
called pedestrianisation.
Pedestrian zones have a great variety of attitudes or rules towards human-powered vehicles such
as bicycles, inline skates, skateboards and kick scooters. Some have a total ban on anything with
wheels, others ban certain categories, others segregate the human-powered wheels from foot
traffic, and others still have no rules at all. Many of Middle Eastern casbas have no wheeled
traffic, but use donkey-driven or hand-driven carts for freight transport.
The above section describes places which are mainly car-free for historical reasons. The term
car-free development implies a physical change - either new building or changes to an existing
built area.
Car-free developments are residential or mixed use developments which:
 Normally provide a traffic free immediate environment, and:
 Offer no parking or limited parking separated from the residence, and:

 Are designed to enable residents to live without owning a car.

Context: compatible with existing landforms and natural features, retain, and where
possible enhance important existing urban spaces, townscape, parkland, natural or
historical features; respect the existing layout of buildings within the street space, integrate
into the local community

SAFETY AND SECURITY
Safety is the state of being "safe" the condition of being protected against physical, social,
spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types
or consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be
considered non-desirable. Safety can also be defined to be the control of recognized hazards to
achieve an acceptable level of risk. This can take the form of being protected from the event or
from exposure to something that causes health or economical losses. It can include protection of
people or of possessions.
Security is the degree of resistance to, or protection from, harm. It applies to any vulnerable and
valuable asset, such as a person, dwelling, community, nation, or organization.
As noted by the Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM) in the OSSTMM 3,
security provides "a form of protection where a separation is created between the assets and the
threat." These separations are generically called "controls," and sometimes include changes to
the asset or the threat.
Natural surveillance and CCTV
Where the chances of detection are low, the risks perceived by potential offenders are also low
and the chances of crimes being committed will be higher. Surveillance increases the likelihood
of detection, but at the cost of reducing privacy.
Direct surveillance

Direct manned surveillance, involving for example police patrols, security staff, and wardening
falls outside the scope of this guidance.
CCTV
The increasing use of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) surveillance in urban centres which is
being actively promoted by central government raises important issues, which are relevant to this
guidance but also extend well beyond the influence of the planning authority. In most cases, the
installation of CCTV will not require planning permission, but the installation of such equipment
on or affecting the setting of a listed building would require consent. In our town centres,
especially in Lymington where the majority of the buildings in the High Street are listed, this
therefore provides a reasonable level of control. In practice, a balance has to be struck between
the need to protect historic buildings and the need for security. PPG15, “Planning and the
Historic Environment”, Annex C advises that only undamaging and visually unobtrusive
positions should be agreed where CCTV equipment is to be attached to a listed building.
Home Office guidance emphasises that CCTV is by no means a universal solution, that it will
only be effective as part of an integrated package of crime prevention measures, and that
sensitive and professional management is essential for success. CCTV can be perceived as
intrusive and a restriction on personal freedom; there is a need for wider public debate on the
impact of CCTV on privacy and civil liberty. It is anticipated that the use of CCTV in the public
domain will only be appropriate within New Forest District in exceptional circumstances.
Natural surveillance
Natural surveillance, on the other hand, is a cornerstone in the achievement of community safety.
Ensuring that spaces around buildings, footpath routes and open spaces are open to view from
adjoining occupied properties and/ or well-trafficked routes can assist in discouraging criminal
activity, by increasing the risk of detection, reducing opportunities for crime and making
potential offenders feel more vulnerable. The greater the level of use of public spaces by
responsible citizens, the greater will be the degree of natural surveillance. This is one of the key
mechanisms by which attracting more people to use communal spaces through investing in a
high quality environment pays dividends in a reduced incidence of crime.

Good housing layout promotes natural surveillance
Because Kajang towns are small, volumes of people using communal spaces tend to be fairly low
and this therefore limits to some degree the contribution that natural surveillance will make.
Nonetheless, this remains an extremely valuable approach, and is strongly encouraged.
The use of appropriate lighting can on occasion assist in enabling surveillance, although on its
own does not appear to reduce crime.
In designing any scheme, particularly housing proposals, care must be taken not to infringe
privacy to an unacceptable degree.

Task 9-final project

More Related Content

Similar to Task 9-final project

More from Azie Esa

Recently uploaded

Task 9-final project