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T13 public tree management-vaughn
This document discusses the importance of implementing a systematic approach to public tree management. It emphasizes treating trees like infrastructure by following standards, understanding their multiple benefits, conducting tree inventories to understand what trees are present, and using the data to inform long-term management plans and budgets. The systematic approach involves assessing tree risk following ANSI and ISA standards, proper tree planting and maintenance, and ensuring trees receive necessary follow-up care like irrigation, pruning and inventories to maximize their health and benefits over time.
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T13 public tree management-vaughn
- 1. AWARD WINNING PUBLICTREE MANAGEMENT Shirley Vaughn, Davey Resource Group Don Robertson, The City of Jacksonville
- 2. Today’s Objectives • Understandwhat public trees are and should mean to you. • Implement a systematic approach for tree management to: • Improve the overall health of the urban forest • Reduce future problems with trees • Increase their value as green infrastructure
- 3. All trees have potentialto fail Must manage trees within an acceptable level of risk… They should be treated like a piece of equipment and managed like infrastructure. To reduce risk and increase the benefits received, trees should be managed systematically.
- 4. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH To publictree (green infrastructure) management
- 5. First. There arestandards. Follow the national standards. • ANSI A300 (Part 9) – 2011 Tree, Shrub, and Other Woody Plant Management—Standard Practices (Tree Risk Assessment) • International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) BMP for Tree Risk Assessment Third. It is difficult to design for and then manage what you don’t know you have. Second. Trees are more than just plants. Their shade cools pavement; they clean air and intercept stormwater runoff; soften your designs; slow traffic; and generally make people and places better.
- 7. Year Completed i-TreeReference City Number of Trees Studied Annual Stormwater Benefits (dollars) Rainfall Intercepted Annually by Trees (million gallons) 2006 Albuquerque, N.M. 4,586 $55,833 11.1 2005 Berkeley, Calif. 36,485 $215,645 53.9 2004 Bismarck, N.D. 17,821 $496,227 7.1 2007 Boise, Idaho 23,262 $96,238 19.2 2005 Boulder, Colo. 25,281 $357,255 44.9 2006 Charleston, S.C. 15,244 $171,406 28.3 2005 Charlotte, N.C. 85,146 $2,077,393 209.5 2004 Cheyenne, Wyo. 17,010 $55,301 5.7 2003 Fort Collins, Colo. 31,000 $403,597 37.4 2005 Glendale, Ariz. 21,480 $18,198 1.0 2007 Honolulu, Hawaii 235,800 $350,104 35.0 2008 Indianapolis, Ind. 117,525 $1,977,467 318.9 2005 Minneapolis, Minn. 198,633 $9,071,809 334.8 2007 New York City, N.Y. 592,130 $35,628,220 890.6 2009 Orlando, Fla. 68,211 $539,151 283.7 2003 San Francisco, Calif. 2,625 $466,554 99.2 2001 Santa Monica, Calif. 29,229 $110,784 3.2
- 8. PLUS • Improve publicand worker safety • Improve storm preparedness/ triage after storm events • May reduce infrastructure costs Why trees are important to you-- even if you are not an urban forester or arborist Fact: Healthier trees are safer and produce more benefits.
- 9. With systematic, routinepruning trees are healthier. Relationship between average tree condition class and number of years since last pruning (adapted from Miller and Sylvester, 1981).
- 10. First. There arestandards. Follow the national standards. Third. It is difficult to design for and then manage what you don’t know you have. Back to the first and third points… Why did we group these points together? They go together. • ANSI A300 (Part 9) – 2011 Tree, Shrub, and Other Woody Plant Management—Standard Practices (Tree Risk Assessment) • International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) BMP for Tree Risk Assessment
- 11. ANSIA300 Standards -Part 9: Tree Risk Assessment • Level 1 = LIMITED VISUAL = a rapid assessment of a population of trees looking for trees with serious defects. • Level 2 = BASIC = visual inspection of the crown, trunk, and exposed roots from all sides. May include: binoculars, mallet, probe, shovel • Level 3 = ADVANCED = a close look for root rot, trunk decay, problems in the crown or other factors that require specialized training or equipment
- 12. ISA BMP forTree Risk Assessment • Companion publication to ANSI A300 (Part 9) – 2011 Tree, Shrub, and Other Woody Plant Management— Standard Practices (Tree Risk Assessment) • This Best Management Practices (BMP) publication is intended to serve as a guide for arborists to: • Assess tree risk as accurately and consistently as possible • Evaluate that risk • Recommend measures that achieve an acceptable level of risk
- 13. ISA BMP forTree Risk Assessment Has two matrices: 1) Matrix to estimate the likelihood of tree failure impacting a specified target 2) Matrix which builds upon the likelihood matrix which assigns a risk rating by incorporating consequences to the failure Based on the assessment, trees are assigned risk that comes with recommendations for action: • Extreme - recommend that mitigation be done as soon as possible • High risk - recommend mitigation measures be taken • Moderate risk - recommend mitigation and/or retaining and monitoring • Low risk - recommend retaining and monitoring as well as mitigation that does not include removal of the tree Likelihood of Failure and Impact Consequences Negligible Minor Significant Severe Very Likely Low Moderate High Extreme Likely Low Moderate High High Somewhat Likely Low Low Moderate Moderate Unlikely Low Low Low Low
- 14. Quick and tothe point, what you look for during the assessment: • Large dead branches • Cavities in trunk and main branches • Mushrooms • Cracks and splits • Lean • Changes in grade • Targets
- 15. Level 1: WindshieldSurvey • Two people—one drives and one collects data • This type of inventory is mainly for small areas; neighborhoods • Need map of the area • Know what you are looking for • Have to take notes
- 16. Level 2: TreeInventory • Address/Location—know where the tree is for hazard abatement and maintenance cycles • Species—know what the tree is to predict equipment and maintenance needs • Condition—understand what can be done to elevate tree health or increase public safety • Size—how big the tree is affects equipment needs and production time and debris load • Defects—can it be ―fixed‖? • Maintenance Recommendations—work planning and risk reduction • Further Inspection—to determine defects not visible from the ground, IPM, or PHC
- 17. What do youget from the inventory—DATA. It is a database. You find out what you have so you can manage it better. ID AREA COMMON BOTANICAL DBH STEMS 1 Urban/Business Callery pear Pyrus calleryana 3 1 2 Urban/Business Callery pear Pyrus calleryana 7 1 3 Urban/Business Red maple Acer rubrum 8 1 4 Urban/Business Live oak Quercus virginiana 8 1 ID COND. MAINT. INSPECT NOTES DATE X Y 1 Fair Training Prune No girdling roots 1/30/2013 2193297.256122 669694.297696 2 Good Routine Prune No codominant leaders 1/30/2013 2193297.256122 669672.717317 3 Poor Removal 1 No included bark 1/30/2013 2193296.057212 669653.135121 4 Good Routine Prune No 1/30/2013 2193296.057212 669635.950745
- 18. When do youdo tree inventories/assessments? • When you need to better estimate: • Work loads • Equipment needs • Budgets • Schedules • Before you plant trees • Before/after storms • Before construction • To understand the benefits trees provide
- 19. 11% 8% 17% 13% 7% 38% 6% Ilex Magnolia Lagerstroemia Acer Pinus Quercus Other Inventory DATAcan helpdeterminetree planting and maintenance needs and schedules. 29.10% 21.10% 25.17% 13.90% 5.90% 2.70% 1.52% 0.30% 0.34% 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 1" - 3" 4" - 6" 7" - 12" 13" - 18" 19" - 24" 25" - 30" 31" - 36" 37" - 42" 43"+ Size class distribution Condition Species diversity
- 20. Inventory DATAprovides information neededfor long – term budgeting $146,000 for 340 tasksFY 2008 • Priority Removals • Priority Prunes • Tree Planting $198,000 for 580 tasksFY 2009 • Priority Removals • Priority Prunes • Tree Planting $167,000 for 1,430 tasksFY 2010 • Routine Pruning Cycle • Structural Pruning Cycle • Tree Planting • Some Lower Priority Removals and Prunes $100,000 for 1,040 tasksFY 2011 • Routine Pruning Cycle • Structural Pruning Cycle • Tree Planting $100,000 for 1,040 tasksFY2012 • Routine Pruning Cycle • Structural Pruning Cycle • Tree Planting
- 21. Inventory DATAtells youand others how much trees work for you and them. Trees provide real monetary savings. Rememberthey are not just plants. • JAX Stratum here
- 22. Inventory DATAtells youwhat you have to work aroundor with…Helpsmake your designsmore successful.
- 23. DATA IS KNOWLEDGE Forbetter or worse
- 24. You know whatneeds to be done; and not be done. Budget and Schedule $146,000FY 2008 • 60 Priority Removals • 200 Priority Prunes • 80 Tree Planting $198,000FY 2009 • 30 Priority Removals • 400 Priority Prunes • 100 Tree Planting Tree Planting 11% 8% 17% 13% 7% 38% 6% Ilex Magnolia Lagerstroemia Acer Pinus Quercus Other Species Diversity
- 25. What to doand what not to do when planting green infrastructure. • JAX Stratum here
- 26. What to doand what not to do when planting green infrastructure. • JAX Stratum here
- 27. AWARD WINNING TREECARE = TREAT THE TREE LIKE INFRASTRUCTURE Knowledge Site Species Drawing/Site Plan Follow Up Care/Routine Pruning
- 28. What happenswhen youdon’t treat a tree like infrastructure? The tree may become a liability instead of an asset.
- 29. 1. Does ithave adequate planting space? 2. What are the soil conditions? 3. What about natural light? 4. Will it get water or need irrigation? SITE When looking at a site to plant a tree to become a long lived piece of infrastructure, instead of a problem, ask these questionsbefore placing it on a plan:
- 30. SPECIES After selecting theright place for a tree, then purchasing the best stock becomes paramount. • Endless varieties of trees to fit a site’s space requirement • Try to buy trees grown in your hardiness zone Buy high-quality stock. Use the Florida Grades and Standards
- 31. DRAWING/ SITE PLAN When planningfor a tree,think what you are trying to achieve through the tree? Trees can provide functions that can decrease infrastructure costs • Cooling effect • Screening/buffer • Shade • Stormwater absorption and diversion • Energy savings • Flowers/fall color • Wildlife habitat
- 32. • Place itproperly • Plant it correctly • Irrigate • Provide PHC • Provide IPM • Prune on cycle • Inventory every five years • Manage the tree as infrastructure • Reap the benefits… FOLLOW UP CARE After planting the right tree in the right place, budget and care for it. Really make the tree an integral piece of the drawing/site plan.
- 33. • Beautify yourlife • Provide oxygen and cooling shade • Filter out pollutants • Deflect noise and wind • Reduce runoff • Habitat for wildlife • Reduce stress Why trees are important to you-- even if you are not an urban forester or arborist What benefits?
- 34. AWARD WINNING TREECARE ROUTINE PRUNING—IMPROVES CONDITION Miller and Sylvester, 1981
- 35. Why prune smalltrees? • Best time to correct any problems • Remove dead, dying, broken, and damaged limbs • Create strong scaffold branch structure • Develop good branch spacing • Establish a central leader • Small wounds close quickly To make them better trees when they are mature in age!
- 36.
- 37. Why prune maturetrees? • Remove dead, broken, dying branches • Improve tree structure • Enhance vigor • Safety • Light penetration • View • Clearance To increase public safety and benefits.
- 38. Mature Tree Pruning •Mature trees are less tolerant of pruning than young trees. • Never remove more than 25% of canopy. • Try to keep wounds small. Mature trees have less energy to close wounds and defend against decay.
- 39. RECAP The best defenseis a good offense • Know what you have and what you are playing against. • Treat trees like infrastructure. Because they are infrastructure. • Maintain trees systematically. You know what preventative maintenance can do…
- 40. QUESTIONS Shirley Vaughn, DaveyResource Group (904) 803-0557 Don Robertson, The City of Jacksonville (904) 472- 2854