The document outlines the fundamental elements of storytelling, including setting, characters, plot, theme, exposition, conflict, climax, and resolution. It differentiates between various types of characters, such as heroes, villains, and stock characters, and explains how these elements contribute to the overall narrative. Understanding these components helps readers and writers appreciate and construct engaging stories.

2. Presented To:
Mr. Ahmed Sheikh
Presented By:
No Name Roll No
1 Khadija Maqsood 08
2 H. M. Kaleem 42
3 Fatima Gull 45
4 M. Irfan 55

4. Story Elements
No Name
1 Setting
2 Characters
3 Sequences
4 Theme
5 Exposition
6 Conflict
7 Climax
8 Resolution

6. Setting
The time and location in which a story
takes place is called the setting. Does it
occur in the past, present or future? There
are several aspects of a story's setting to
consider when examining how setting
contributes to a story (some, or all, may
be present in a story)

8. 1.Place: Geographical location. Where is the
action of the story taking place?
2.Time: When is the story taking place?
(historical period, time of day, year, etc)
3.Weather conditions: Is it rainy, sunny, stormy,
etc?
4.Social conditions: What is the daily life of the
characters like?
5.Mood or atmosphere: What feeling is created at
the beginning of the story? Is it bright and
cheerful or dark and frightening?

9. Characters
There are two meanings for the word
character:
1) The person in a work of fiction.
2) The characteristics of a person.
Persons in a work of fiction:
The characters are who the story is about.
Characters can be real or make believe.
They can also be animals or things.

10. All scripts need interesting main and supporting
characters.
A good story includes:
*What the character looks like.
*How the character acts
*How a character changes
Characters include the people and other creatures
like animal and their role/action (negative,
positive or natural) in the story. Characters
have many types with different functions.
Some most common types are given below.

11. Hero
• Beyond the standard definition the Hero is always
bears good character and is considered main
character. It is called of protagonist. Hero is always
cheerful, smart, kind and hardworking. Heroic
characters have strong values, working for higher
ideals and often putting others first.
• We admire heroic characters and wish that we were
more like them. Protagonist- he or she (or they) is
faced with a conflict that must be resolved.

13. Villain
• Villainous characters are those who
deliberately break laws, serving an often-
selfish purpose in which others may well
be harmed or abused in some way
• These characters apply all force to
opposes the protagonist and thus called
antagonist. We feel satisfied when they
are punished. Villain is mean, lazy and
nasty.

15. Stock Characters
Stock characters are those types of characters wo
have become conventional or stereotypical
through repeated use in particular types of
stories. Stock characters are instantly
recognized to readers or audience members.
Stock characters are normally one-dimensional
flat characters, but sometimes stock
personalities are deeply conflicted, rounded
characters. Stock characters remain in the
story till end.

17. Ambiguous Characters
Ambiguous characters keep us on
our toes as we guess whether they
will be good or bad. Heroes can
also be ambiguous as their very
human internal struggles reflect
the outer conflict.

18. Minor Characters
They serve to complement the major
characters and help move the plot
events forward.

19. Dynamic Characters
A dynamic character is a person who
changes over time, usually as a result of
resolving a central conflict or facing a
major crises. Most dynamic characters
tend to be central rather than peripheral
characters because resolving the conflict
is the major role of central characters.

20. Static Characters
A static character is someone who does
not change over time. He or she is
often portrayed as a conflicted and
contradictory person.

21. Round Characters
A rounded character is anyone who has
a complex personality. He or she is
often portrayed as a conflicted and
contradictory person.

22. Flat Characters
A flat character is the opposite of a
round character. This literary
personality is notable for one kind of
personality trait or characteristic.

23. Plot/ Sequence of Events
The plot is the events that help the
character solve the or deal with a
problem. Usually a character has a
problem or conflict.
To identify the plot:
1. Find the problem in the story.
2. Sequence the events that lead to the
character solving their problem.

25. Theme
The theme of a story is a lesson or message
the story is trying to tell us. Some stories
have only one theme or message. Other
stories have many lessons or messages.

26. Exposition
• All the characters in a story have a history
comprise their action about past that are
important to understand their personality and
their present lives. It is important that reader
must know some of its detail to understand the
story. This is called exposition. In fact it is
background information provided by the script
writer to make it uncomplicated for his reader.
• The exposition will have the information about
event that happened before the story began. It
is first part of the plot.

27. Conflict
• This is an other element of the plot. It occurs when
problem arises among the characters and they turned
against each other. Like team in a game or two groups
fighting with each other.
• A common conflict is that Hero wishes to do
something good, whereas Villain tries to stop him.
The conflict is the most important that happens in the
story. It is what makes the story exciting. Usually the
story does not end till the conflict is resolved.

29. Climax
Climax of the story is when conflict of the plot is
resolved. It is one of the exciting part of the
story when the hero save the princess or
discovered buried treasure or kill the dragon or
invent something unmatchable. The climax is
mountain peak. It is something referred as
turning point of the story when plot changes
for better. More often the villain is defeated in
the climax.

31. Resolution
Resolution is the end of story. It occurs
after the climax. It is when you learn
what happen to the characters after
the conflict is resolved.