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政府就能源問題推行的政政府就能源問題推行的政
策策
溫習溫習
1. 跨區域能源調配政策
2. 加強石油儲備
3. 開發中國西部
4. 厲行節約能源
5. 積極開發核能和可再生能源
輪南
西氣東輸的路線
西電東送的路線
北部通道
中部通道
南部通道
1. 跨區域能源調配政策
2. 加強石油儲備
3. 開發中國西部
4. 厲行節約能源
5. 積極開發核能和可再生能源
• 風能
• 興建與運作成本低
• 產生能源少
• 只可建於常有強風的地方
• 太陽能
• 興建成本高 , 但運作成本低
• 產生能源少
• 必須興建於陽光充沛的熱帶地方
• 水力發電
• 興建成本高 , 但運作成本低
• 必須興建於高地和落差大的河谷的熱帶地方
• 需建於流量大和穩定的河流
• 核能
• 能產生巨大能量
• 不可再生能源
• 宜建於沿海地區
• 不能太接近民居
• 不宜太遠離能源市場
中國能源問
題
供不應求 能源產區距離
消耗中心太遠
能源消費者結構失衡
( 過分依賴煤炭 )
影響
依賴進口 , 影響中國經
濟
影響
經濟得不到
充分的發展
影響
• 空氣污染
• 煤礦意外上升
• 交通網路負擔沉重
解決方
法
跨區域能源
調配政策 加強石油儲備
開發中國西部
厲行節約能源
積極開發核能
和可再生能源
中國的水資源問題中國的水資源問題
新聞分析新聞分析
1) 從資料可見 , 中國當前面對甚麼問題
?
2) 為甚麼會出現這個問題 ?
3) 中國政府以甚麼方法解決上述問題 ?
十五吋等雨
線
解決方法解決方法 :: 南水北南水北
調調
•把長江流域豐富的水資源抽調一部分送到華北、西
北,以緩解那些地區的缺水情況。
•南水北調工程有東線、中線和西線三條調水線路。
中國水利部官方南水北調的網站 :
ht t p://www.nsbd.mwr.g o v.c n/
南水北調的好處
• 長江水量豐富,每年有大量的水流入大
海,調一部分到北方缺水地區可解決北
方的缺水問題。
解決人民基本需要
南水北調的問題
1. 對南方的影響
南水北調調水量過多可能會使長江的水量不
足,影響長江河道的航運,長江口的咸潮加
深,更有可能引發生態危機。
2. 成本過高
南水北調成本已經高於現有的海水淡化成本
,目前最低的海水淡化成本為 3 元,而南水
北調目前成本為 10 元,已經高于海水淡化
成本
中國的水資源問題
北部缺水原因
1) 降雨量不足
2) 人民用水量增加
情況
解決方法
1) 黃河乾旱、斷流
2) 出現旱災
南水北調
問題好處
解決北方缺水問題 1) 引發生態危機
2) 成本過高

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中國的水資源問題