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‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
٤١٩٠٠٤٤٥ 
@ŠìnׇÛa@ˆbnþa@Ò‹“¾a@Oæb“îİÈÛa@b–@åi@†ìÈ
‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﳓ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬، ‫ﻤﺪﻩ‬، ‫ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬‫ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻌﻮﺫ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ‬،‫ﻭﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬،‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻳﻬﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺇﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ض‬.
}٪>‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬D
Z١٠٢{)١(.
}٪>‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬
‫א‬٪?‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬٪D‫א‬‫؟‬?
‫א‬‫؟‬Z١{)٢(.
}٪>‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬Z٧٠
>E‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬
Z٧١{)٣(.
‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬:)٤(
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﳑﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍﻝ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻬﻤ‬‫ﻭﺣﻴـﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻭﻓﻌﺎ‬
)١(‫ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬،‫ﺁﻳﺔ‬‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬)١٠٢(.
)٢(‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬،‫ﺁﻳﺔ‬‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬)١(.
)٣(‫ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬،‫ﺍﻵﻳﺘﺎﻥ‬‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬)٧٠-٧١(.
)٤(‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ج‬‫ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ، ‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬)٢/٥٩١. (
‫ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺴﺘﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﰊ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻦ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬ ، ‫ﲪﺺ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬،١٣٨٩‫ﻫـ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻢ‬.‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬
، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺸﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲰﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳍﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﺜﻞ‬‫ﺳـﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺎﻓﺆ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺔ‬
، ‫ﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﻘـﺬﳘﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑﻜﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻨﻴﺒﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﳓﻄﺎﻁ‬.
‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜـﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄـﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﲤﺸﻴ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﻧﻈﺮ‬
، ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﲝﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬
‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜـﻢ‬ ‫ﻳـﺒﲔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺪﺓ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺪﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟـﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﳛﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﱃ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻠﻔﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺄﻗﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬:‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬‫ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻭﳑﻴﺰﺍﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﺣﻴـﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰒ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘـﻪ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻴﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬.
‫ﻄ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻘﻬﺎﺋﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻼﻓﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬،، ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻴﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬-‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺟﻪ‬-‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﻴﺴﲑ‬ ‫؛‬
، ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺠﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﻬﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺪﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻘـﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻷ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻼﻥ‬)٥(.
)٥(‫ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬)٣/٤٢٤،٤٢٥(،‫ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬،‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬:
‫א‬W 
١-‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬‫ﺇﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬‫ﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤ‬‫ﻮ‬-‫ﲝﺴﺐ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬-.
٢-‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿـﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺋﺔ‬.
٣-‫ﺍﳌـﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﺮﺓ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺧﺎﺻـــــــ‬‫ـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـــــــ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺪ‬
‫ـﲔ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌـــــ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬‫ﻣـــــ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺃﻛﺜـــــ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻗ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﺭﻳـﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻻﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﻝ‬
)٦(.
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺖ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬
.
‫א‬‫א‬W 
١-‫ﳍـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺯﻝ‬.
٢-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﺘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻊ‬
‫ﻣ‬‫ﻈﺎ‬‫ﻧﻪ‬‫ﻣﺘ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺧﺬ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ، ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬.
٣-‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐـﺎﺭﻗﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬.
)٦(‫ﻣﻘﺎﻝ‬:‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﳎﻠﺔ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﶈﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬)١٦٤(‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬١٩٩٩‫ﻡ‬.
‫ﺑﻴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺷﺮﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻞ‬.
٤-‫ﻳﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﳌﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬
‫ـﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳـ‬ ‫ـﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌـ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ـﻖ‬‫ﺍﳊـ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓـ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬.
٥-‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺑـﺼﲔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺸﻜﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫؛‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪﺭﻬﺗﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺲ‬.
٦-‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌـﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻠـﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻘـﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻃـ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﻬﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺎﺭ‬
‫ـﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬‫ﺍﻟــ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻬﺗــ‬ ‫ـﺮﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈــ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬.
٧-‫ﺃﻗـﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺟﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺪﳝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ٍ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺃﺛ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬.
٨-‫ـﺎﺀ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬـ‬ ‫ـﻮﺍﻝ‬‫ﺃﻗـ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓـ‬
‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻧـﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬
‫ﰲ‬ ٍ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺃﺛ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳـﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬.
‫א‬W 
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﲝﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ـ‬:
)‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‬(
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ‬‫ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﳋﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻼﺋﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﳊﻮﺍﻟﺔ‬‫ﻮﺩﺍﺋﻊ‬‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬.‫ﻭﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﱃ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬.
‫ﻛﺎﻟﻮﺩﻳﻌﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬،‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺘﺢ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﲝﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬.
‫ﺃﻧ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﲨﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺻﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻮﺍﻉ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬‫ﺍﳋﻄﺔ‬.‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﺭﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬،‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﻓﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬١٩٩١‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﰒ‬ ، ‫ﻡ‬١٩٩٥‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﹸﻧﺸﺄ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻡ‬،
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﰒ‬١٩٩٩‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺸﺄﺕ‬ ‫ﻡ‬)٧(.‫ﺗﺘﺎﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﰒ‬‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬‫ﺎ‬.
‫ﺖ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻓﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬‫ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﲜﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺣﺎﻃﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺟﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻴ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻨﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨـﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻜـﻮﻳﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
، ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﰊ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻨـﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﻣـﻊ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﻴﺎﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬.
)٧(‫ﻳﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬.
‫א‬W 
‫ﻓﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬:‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬.
‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺻﻨ‬‫ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺿﻮﺍﺑﻄﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻴﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬.
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ‬:
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬:‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬.‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﻭﻧﺸﺄﻬﺗﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬، ‫ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬‫ﻭﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻫﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﻫﻢ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻻ‬‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬)‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺏ‬. (
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬)‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﲡﺰﺋﺔ‬. (
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻋﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬-‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.
‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺩﻓﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬)‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺠﻴﻢ‬. (
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬)‫ﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﲢﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬. (
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻭﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻭﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﻄﺎﻉ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﺍﳋﺴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬.
‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬:‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻘ‬‫ﻭﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬.
‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬.
‫ﻣﺒﺤﺜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷ‬‫ﺩﻟﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺟ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ‬، ‫ﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻳﺆﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﲝﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻎ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬.
‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬‫ﻭﺍﳋﺴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ،،، ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎ‬‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻬﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻥ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻘﺪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬،‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﺷﺮ‬ ،‫ﻭﻃﻬﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟـﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳـﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳـﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺳﻨﺪﺍﻬﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬.
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬، ‫ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎﻧﻪ‬‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬، ‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬، ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻪ‬‫ﻭﺃ‬‫ﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬.
‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬.
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬،‫ﺻﺤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻟﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬.
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻜﻢ‬:
‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺒﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﲣﻔﻴﺾ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‬.
‫ﻫﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬:
١-‫ﺗﻠﱯ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ، ‫ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬.
٢-‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻓﻖ‬.
٣-‫ﺍﻟﺼﲑﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﺒﺖ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﻬﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬.
٤-‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬.
٥-‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬:‫ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳕﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﳚﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬.
٦-‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺷﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺷﺮﻋ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻏﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.
٧-‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬:‫ﻣﺪﺧﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﺀ‬
، ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺇﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳊﺎﺟﺎﻬﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﲟﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬-‫ﻭﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬-‫ﺃﺗﻌﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻛﺘﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺸﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬.
٨-‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﳜﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬.
٩-‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬-‫ﻣﻘﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬.
١٠-‫ﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺑﺄﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻌﻘﺒﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬.
١١-‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﳉﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬
‫ﻭﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﻬﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬‫ﻘﻮﺩ‬.
١٢-‫ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﲣﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬.
‫ﺃﲨﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ‬.

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أساليب الاستثمار-بالصناديق-الاستثمارية-في-المصارف-الإسلامية-–-رسالة-ماجستير-–-عبد-الله-بن-محمد-بن-سعد-الثويقب

  • 1. ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٤١٩٠٠٤٤٥  @ŠìnׇÛa@ˆbnþa@Ò‹“¾a@Oæb“îİÈÛa@b–@åi@†ìÈ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
  • 2. ‫ﳓ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬، ‫ﻤﺪﻩ‬، ‫ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬‫ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻌﻮﺫ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ‬،‫ﻭﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬،‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻳﻬﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺇﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ض‬. }٪>‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬D Z١٠٢{)١(. }٪>‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬ ‫א‬٪?‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫؟‬٪D‫א‬‫؟‬? ‫א‬‫؟‬Z١{)٢(. }٪>‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬Z٧٠ >E‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬ Z٧١{)٣(. ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬:)٤( ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬. ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﳑﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍﻝ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻬﻤ‬‫ﻭﺣﻴـﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻭﻓﻌﺎ‬ )١(‫ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬،‫ﺁﻳﺔ‬‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬)١٠٢(. )٢(‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬،‫ﺁﻳﺔ‬‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬)١(. )٣(‫ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬،‫ﺍﻵﻳﺘﺎﻥ‬‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬)٧٠-٧١(. )٤(‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ج‬‫ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ، ‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬)٢/٥٩١. ( ‫ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺴﺘﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﰊ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻦ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬ ، ‫ﲪﺺ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬،١٣٨٩‫ﻫـ‬.
  • 3. ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻢ‬.‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺸﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲰﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳍﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﺜﻞ‬‫ﺳـﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺎﻓﺆ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﻘـﺬﳘﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺑﻜﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻨﻴﺒﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﳓﻄﺎﻁ‬. ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜـﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄـﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﲤﺸﻴ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﻧﻈﺮ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﲝﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬. ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜـﻢ‬ ‫ﻳـﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺪﺓ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺪﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟـﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﳛﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﱃ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻠﻔﺎﺀ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺄﻗﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬:‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬‫ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻭﳑﻴﺰﺍﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﺣﻴـﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰒ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘـﻪ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻴﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬. ‫ﻄ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻘﻬﺎﺋﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻼﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬،، ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻴﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬. ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬-‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺟﻪ‬-‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﻴﺴﲑ‬ ‫؛‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺠﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﳌﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﻬﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺪﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻘـﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻼﻥ‬)٥(. )٥(‫ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬)٣/٤٢٤،٤٢٥(،‫ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬،‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬:
  • 4. ‫א‬W  ١-‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬‫ﺇﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬‫ﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤ‬‫ﻮ‬-‫ﲝﺴﺐ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬-. ٢-‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿـﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺋﺔ‬. ٣-‫ﺍﳌـﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺧﺎﺻـــــــ‬‫ـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـــــــ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺪ‬ ‫ـﲔ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌـــــ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬‫ﻣـــــ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ﺃﻛﺜـــــ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻗ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﺭﻳـﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻻﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﻝ‬ )٦(. ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺖ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ . ‫א‬‫א‬W  ١-‫ﳍـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺯﻝ‬. ٢-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﺘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻊ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ﻈﺎ‬‫ﻧﻪ‬‫ﻣﺘ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺧﺬ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ، ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬. ٣-‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐـﺎﺭﻗﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬. )٦(‫ﻣﻘﺎﻝ‬:‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﳎﻠﺔ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﶈﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬)١٦٤(‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬١٩٩٩‫ﻡ‬.
  • 5. ‫ﺑﻴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺷﺮﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻞ‬. ٤-‫ﻳﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﳌﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ـﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳـ‬ ‫ـﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌـ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ـﻖ‬‫ﺍﳊـ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓـ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬. ٥-‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺑـﺼﲔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺸﻜﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫؛‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪﺭﻬﺗﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺲ‬. ٦-‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌـﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠـﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻘـﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃـ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﻬﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺎﺭ‬ ‫ـﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬‫ﺍﻟــ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻬﺗــ‬ ‫ـﺮﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈــ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬. ٧-‫ﺃﻗـﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺟﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺪﳝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ٍ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺃﺛ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬. ٨-‫ـﺎﺀ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬـ‬ ‫ـﻮﺍﻝ‬‫ﺃﻗـ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓـ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻧـﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ٍ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺃﺛ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳـﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
  • 6. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬. ‫א‬W  ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﲝﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ـ‬: )‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‬( ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ‬‫ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﳋﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻼﺋﻬ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﳊﻮﺍﻟﺔ‬‫ﻮﺩﺍﺋﻊ‬‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬.‫ﻭﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﱃ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬. ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻮﺩﻳﻌﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬،‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺘﺢ‬. ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﲝﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬. ‫ﺃﻧ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﲨﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺻﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻮﺍﻉ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬‫ﺍﳋﻄﺔ‬.‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﲑﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﺭﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬،‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﻓﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬١٩٩١‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﰒ‬ ، ‫ﻡ‬١٩٩٥‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﹸﻧﺸﺄ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻡ‬، ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﰒ‬١٩٩٩‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺸﺄﺕ‬ ‫ﻡ‬)٧(.‫ﺗﺘﺎﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﰒ‬‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬‫ﺎ‬. ‫ﺖ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻓﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬‫ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲜﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺣﺎﻃﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺟﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻨﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨـﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻜـﻮﻳﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﰊ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻨـﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻤﻴﺎﻬﺗﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬. )٧(‫ﻳﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬.
  • 7. ‫א‬W  ‫ﻓﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ‬. ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬:‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬. ‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺻﻨ‬‫ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺿﻮﺍﺑﻄﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻴﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬. ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ‬: ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬:‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬. ‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬.‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﻭﻧﺸﺄﻬﺗﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬، ‫ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬‫ﻭﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻫﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﻫﻢ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻ‬‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬.
  • 8. ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬. ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬)‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺏ‬. ( ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬)‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﲡﺰﺋﺔ‬. ( ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻋﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬-‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬. ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺩﻓﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬)‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺠﻴﻢ‬. ( ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬)‫ﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﲢﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬. ( ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻭﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻭﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﻄﺎﻉ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﺍﳋﺴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬. ‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬:‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻘ‬‫ﻭﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬. ‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬. ‫ﻣﺒﺤﺜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬.
  • 9. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷ‬‫ﺩﻟﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺟ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ‬، ‫ﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻳﺆﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﲝﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬. ‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬‫ﻭﺍﳋﺴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ،،، ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎ‬‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻬﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻥ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻘﺪ‬.
  • 10. ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬،‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﺷﺮ‬ ،‫ﻭﻃﻬﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟـﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳـﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳـﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺳﻨﺪﺍﻬﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬:
  • 11. ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬، ‫ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎﻧﻪ‬‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻪ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬، ‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬، ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻪ‬‫ﻭﺃ‬‫ﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺼﻨﺎﻉ‬. ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:، ‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻪ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬. ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬: ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬،‫ﺻﺤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻟﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬.
  • 12. ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬. ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻜﻢ‬: ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬. ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬. ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺒﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﲣﻔﻴﺾ‬. ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﲝﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‬. ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬: ١-‫ﺗﻠﱯ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ، ‫ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬. ٢-‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻓﻖ‬. ٣-‫ﺍﻟﺼﲑﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﻬﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬. ٤-‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬. ٥-‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬:‫ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳕﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﳚﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬.
  • 13. ٦-‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺷﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺷﺮﻋ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻏﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬. ٧-‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬:‫ﻣﺪﺧﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﺀ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳊﺎﺟﺎﻬﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﲟﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬-‫ﻭﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬-‫ﺃﺗﻌﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻛﺘﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺸﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬. ٨-‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﳜﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬. ٩-‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬-‫ﻣﻘﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬. ١٠-‫ﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻌﻘﺒﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺭﻑ‬. ١١-‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﳉﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﻬﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬‫ﻘﻮﺩ‬. ١٢-‫ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﲣﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬. ‫ﺃﲨﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ‬.