Gateway is arouter or a proxy server that routes between
networks
Gateway Rule = Gateway should belong to same subnet to which
your PC belongs In a communications network, a
network node equipped for interfacing with another network that
uses different protocols. A gateway may contain devices such as
protocol translators , impedance matching devices, rate
converters, fault isolators, or signal translators as necessary to
provide system interoperability
Modem is adevice that modulates an analog carrier
signal to encode digital information and demodulates the signal to
decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that
can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital
data. Modems can be used with any means of transmitting analog
signals, from light emitting diodes to radio. A common type of modem
is one that turns the digital data of a computer into modulated electrical
signal for transmission over telephone lines and demodulated by another
modem at the receiver side to recover the digital data.
A common connectionpoint for devices in
a network. Hubs are commonly used to
connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains
multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port,
it is copied to the other ports so that all segments
of the LAN can see all packets.