Как устроена MySQL-репликация / Андрей Аксенов (Sphinx)Ontico
Какая вообще в природе бывает репликация (sync vs. async vs. semisync, master-master vs. master-slave), как оно устроено конкретно в MySQL, в каких версиях что добавили. Про binary/relay log, про SBR/RBR/mixed форматы, про глупости с позициями и про GTID, про то, как из-за всяких бед возникают дополнительные продукты типа Tungsten и Galera. Несколько занятных фактов и парочка фокусов, которые можно учинять конкретно с MySQL-репликацией.
Доклад вчистую про внутреннее устройство, по результатам должно появляться общее понимание того, как оно работает внутри и почему именно так. Конкретные SQL-операторы подробно рассматривать НЕ будем, эти скучные мелочи необходимо будет затем самостоятельно смотреть в документации (или не смотреть).
Как устроена MySQL-репликация / Андрей Аксенов (Sphinx)Ontico
Какая вообще в природе бывает репликация (sync vs. async vs. semisync, master-master vs. master-slave), как оно устроено конкретно в MySQL, в каких версиях что добавили. Про binary/relay log, про SBR/RBR/mixed форматы, про глупости с позициями и про GTID, про то, как из-за всяких бед возникают дополнительные продукты типа Tungsten и Galera. Несколько занятных фактов и парочка фокусов, которые можно учинять конкретно с MySQL-репликацией.
Доклад вчистую про внутреннее устройство, по результатам должно появляться общее понимание того, как оно работает внутри и почему именно так. Конкретные SQL-операторы подробно рассматривать НЕ будем, эти скучные мелочи необходимо будет затем самостоятельно смотреть в документации (или не смотреть).
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
8. Другие примеры
Предоставить пользователю соцсети персонифицированный
контент (статьи, статусы, музыка, видео), интересный ему.
Предложить пользователю товары и услуги (или
рекламу), в которых он м.б. заинтересован.
Предотвратить снятие денег с кредитной карты в случае
ее кражи путем анализа поведения держателя карты
Определить зависимость между образом жизни (питание,
двигательная активность, сон) и показателями здоровья
Учесть поведение пользователя в соцсетях при принятии
решения о выдаче кредита
12. Data Mining
• Data mining - методы обнаружения в данных ранее
неизвестных, нетривиальных, практически
полезных и доступных интерпретации знаний,
необходимых для принятия решений в различных
сферах человеческой деятельности [Пятецкий-
Шапиро, 1989]
Математиче
ская
статистика
Линейная
алгебра
Методы
оптимизации
Теория
вероятностей
13. Разновидности Data Mining
Data Mining
Knowledge Discovery Decision Support
Обнаружение в данных
заведомо неизвестных и
полезных знаний
Автоматизированное
построение точной модели
явления по данным с целью
ее последующего
автоматизированного
использования
Machine Learning
Цель: Автоматизация
построения и применения
модели
Цель: Найти новые знания
14. Базовая терминология Data Mining
скорость,
м/сек
max
ускорение,
м/сек2
Max
вертикальная
скорость, м/сек
min высота,
м
710 20 110 2000
1100 100 300 500
820 25 150 2500
720 20 115 2400
740 22 120 2000
Прецедент
Атрибуты
Набор
данных
• Непрерывные: все из примера
• Категориальные: погодные условия
(нормальные, осадки, шторм)
15. скорость,
м/сек
max
ускорение,
м/сек2
Max
вертикальная
скорость, м/сек
min высота,
м
Тип
летательно
го средства
710 20 110 2000 С1
1100 100 300 1100 С2
820 25 180 2500 С2
скорость,
м/сек
max
ускорение,
м/сек2
Max
вертикальная
скорость, м/сек
min высота,
м
Тип
летательно
го средства
710 20 110 2000 С1
1100 100 300 1100 С2
820 25 180 2500 С2
720 20 115 1000
740 22 120 2000
С1 С2
обучающая
выборка
обучение
Модель
y=f(X)
применение
С1
С1
Классификация
19. Классификация и прогнозирование
y = f(X)
Задача X y
Персонификация контента
пользователя соцсети
«Лайки» и контент Рекомендованный
контент
Рекомендация товаров и услуг История покупок
пользователя, «лайки»
Набор
рекомендованных
товаров и услуг
Карточный анти-фрод Последние транзакции Решение: фрод /
норма
Кредитный скоринг с использованием
данных соцсетей
Анкетные данные,
поведение и контент,
связанный с
пользователем в соцсетях
Решение по кредиту
Поиск взаимосвязей между
физической активностью, питанием и
заболеваемостью
Общая информация о
пациенте, данные
диетологических
дневников, показатели
датчиков
Набор вероятных
диагнозов
25. Время чтения 25 TB данных
Sequential read speed : 70-120 MB/sec ~ 0,342 TB/hour
73 ЧАСА!!!
26. Сортировка
N∙logN ∙speed=540 часов !!!
Пусть 25 TB = 25 млн. документов
по ~ 1MB каждый
QuickSort O(N∙logN)
N=25∙106
1MB читается за speed=2,92∙10-6 час.
28. Направления больших данных
Инфраструктура
Параллельные версии
алгоритмов
• прикладная математика,
• графы,
• обработка изображений и т.д.
Моделирование скрытых
зависимостей (data mining) в
условиях
• неструктурированные данные (например, текст)
• пропущенные значения
• зашумленность
• разреженные векторы атрибутов
• наличие связей между прецедентов
• большое число прецедентов
• большое число атрибутов
• обработка в онлайн
• изменчивость данных
Фреймворки
параллельного
исполнения
Хранение: ФС,
БД
29.
30. MapReduce
Things don’t have to change the world to be important.
Details matter, it’s worth waiting to get it right.
You’ve baked a really lovely cake, but then you’ve used
dog shit for frosting.
Sometimes life is going to hit you in the head with a
brick. Don’t lose faith.
Deciding what not to do is as important as deciding
what to do.
If you really look closely, most overnight successes took
a long time.
….
0
2
4
6
8
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Число вхождений
в текст
Длина слова
2 узла
31. Шаг Map
Things don’t have to change the world to be
important.
Details matter, it’s worth waiting to get it
right.
You’ve baked a really lovely cake, but then
you’ve used dog shit for frosting.
Sometimes life is going to hit you in the head
with a brick. Don’t lose faith.
Deciding what not to do is as important as
deciding what to do.
If you really look closely, most overnight
successes took a long time.
Things don’t have to change the
world to be important.
Details matter, it’s worth waiting to
get it right.
You’ve baked a really lovely cake,
but then you’ve used dog shit for
frosting.
Sometimes life is going to hit you in
the head with a brick. Don’t lose
faith.
Deciding what not to do is as
important as deciding what to do.
If you really look closely, most
overnight successes took a long
time.
map
map
map
map
map
map
def map(line):
words=line.lower().replace(“.”, “ “) .replace(“,”, “ “).split()
stat=[]
for w in words:
stat.append((len(w), 1))
return stat
Inputsplit [(6, 1), (5, 1), (4, 1), (2, 1), (6, 1), (3,
1), (5, 1), (2, 1), (2, 1), (9, 1)]
[(7, 1), (6, 1), (4, 1), (5, 1), (7, 1), (2,
1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (5, 1)]
[(6, 1), (5, 1), (1, 1), (6, 1), (6, 1), (4,
1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (6, 1), (4, 1), (3, 1),
(4, 1), (3, 1), (8, 1)]
[(9, 1), (4, 1), (2, 1), (5, 1), (2, 1),
(3, 1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (4,
1), (1, 1), (5, 1), (5, 1), (4, 1), (5, 1)]
[(8, 1), (4, 1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (2, 1),
(2, 1), (2, 1), (9, 1), (2, 1), (8, 1), (4,
1), (2, 1), (2, 1)]
[(2, 1), (3, 1), (6, 1), (4, 1), (7, 1),
(4, 1), (9, 1), (9, 1), (4, 1), (1, 1), (4,
1), (4, 1)]
32. Шаг Reduce
Things don’t have to change
the world to be important.
Details matter, it’s worth
waiting to get it right.
You’ve baked a really lovely
cake, but then you’ve used
dog shit for frosting.
Sometimes life is going to hit
you in the head with a brick.
Don’t lose faith.
Deciding what not to do is as
important as deciding what
to do.
If you really look closely, most
overnight successes took a
long time.
map
map
map
[(6, 1), (5, 1), (4, 1), (2, 1), (6, 1), (3,
1), (5, 1), (2, 1), (2, 1), (9, 1)]
[(7, 1), (6, 1), (4, 1), (5, 1), (7, 1), (2,
1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (5, 1)]
[(6, 1), (5, 1), (1, 1), (6, 1), (6, 1), (4,
1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (6, 1), (4, 1), (3, 1),
(4, 1), (3, 1), (8, 1)]
[(9, 1), (4, 1), (2, 1), (5, 1), (2, 1),
(3, 1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (4,
1), (1, 1), (5, 1), (5, 1), (4, 1), (5, 1)]
[(8, 1), (4, 1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (2, 1),
(2, 1), (2, 1), (9, 1), (2, 1), (8, 1), (4,
1), (2, 1), (2, 1)]
[(2, 1), (3, 1), (6, 1), (4, 1), (7, 1),
(4, 1), (9, 1), (9, 1), (4, 1), (1, 1), (4,
1), (4, 1)]
(1, [1, 1, 1])
(2, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
(3, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1])
(4, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
(5, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
(6, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
(7, [1, 1, 1])
(8, [1, 1, 1])
(9, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
map
map
map
reduce
reduce
reduce
reduce
reduce
reduce
reduce
reduce
reduce
Shuffle
(1, 3)
(2, 16)
(3, 10)
(4, 17)
(5, 9)
(6, 8)
(7, 3)
(8, 3)
(9, 5)
def reduce(key,values):
s=0
for v in values:
s+=v
return (key,s)
0
5
10
15
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Число вхождений в
текст
Длина слова
35. Apache Spark
Hadoop
• Hadoop MapReduce: обращение к данным = чтение из HDFS. При этом многие алгоритмы
итеративны (по многу раз обращаются к одним и тем же данным)
• Разработка Hadoop MapReduce программ тяжеловесна (требуется писать Java-классы)
• Hadoop не предполагает использование для обработки запросов в реальном времени
кеш
HDFS
Узел
кеш
HDFS
Узел
кеш
HDFS
Узел
Spark
• Кеширование обрабатываемых коллекций (resilient distributed data set, RDD) данных в ОЗУ узлов
кластера
• Интерактивное программирование логики обработки в функциональном стиле (Scala, Python)
• Возможность обработка запросов, поступающих в реальном времени
37. Параллельная обработка и распределенное
хранение: резюме
• Hadoop=MapReduce+HDFS
– Принцип локальности данных
• Spark
– Кеширование наборов данных в ОЗУ
– Наглядный код
– Spark+HDFS
40. Реляционные СУБД
Id Name Age
1 Иванов 20
2 Петров 25
3 Сидоров 40
Customers
Id CustomerId Date
1 1 2014-06-17
2 1 2014-06-18
3 2 2014-06-18
Orders
Id OrderId GoodId Price Count
1 1 1 500 1
2 1 2 600 1
3 2 1 500 2
4 2 2 600 1
5 3 1 500 3
OrderLines
Id Name
1 Футболка
2 Шорты
Goods
select c.Name, sum(ol.Price*ol.Count) from Customers c left join Orders o on
c.Id=o.CustomeriId left join OrderLines ol on o.Id=ol.OrderId group by c.Name
begin;
delete from OrderLines where OrderId=2;
delete from Orders where Id=2;
commit;
SQL
Транзакции
кортежи
отношение
Реляционная модель данных
Create table Customers
(
Id integer primary key,
Name char(20) not null,
Age integer
);
41. Реляционные СУБД
• Реляционная модель данных
– Фиксированная схема
– Нормализованность данных
– Поддержка транзакций
• Использование SQL
– Возможность произвольного соединения отношений в
запросах
– SQL – стандарт на «общение» приложений с БД. БД как
способ интеграции приложений
• «Проблема несоответствия» реляционной и ОО
моделей
• Плохая горизонтальная масштабируемость
• Коммерческое лицензирование
42. Тенденции развития
информационных систем
• Рост объемов данных
• Горизонтальное масштабирование,
использование кластеров
• Уход от БД как средства интеграции систем
(SOA)
• Бурное развитие Веб-приложений, частая
модификация их логики и структуры
хранения данных
43. NoSQL
• No SQL
• Not Only SQL = NOSQL
Разновидности NoSQL БД
• Ключ-значение
• Документные
• Семейство столбцов
• Графовые
52. NoSQL
• Масштабируемость на кластере
• Отсутствие схемы данных
(неструктурированность данных)
• Концепция агрегатов
• Open-source
• Уход от SQL
• Уход от транзакционности
54. С чего начать?
Готовые виртуальные машины, user-friendly инсталляция и управление
кластером (например, для развертывания на школьном кластере):
Trial-лицензии, доступ для research и обучения big data:
Литература:
Data mining keywords: интеллектуальный анализ данных, ассоциативные правила,
кластеризация K-means, метод Байеса, TF-IDF, text mining
www.basegroup.ru
(статьи)