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‫الموضوع‬
‫للتكنولوحيا‬ ‫والبيئية‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫“المخاطر‬“
‫إعداد‬
‫المنعم‬ ‫عبد‬ ‫عصام‬ ‫إيمان‬
‫إشراف‬ ‫تحت‬
‫أبوزيد‬ ‫فاروق‬ ‫دينا‬ /‫د‬
‫ماجستير‬ ‫تمهيدى‬2014
‫التقليدية‬ ‫الصحافة‬‫التكنولوجية‬ ‫الصحافة‬
•‫بواسطة‬ ‫التحريرية‬ ‫المواد‬ ‫جمع‬
‫الكمبيوتر‬
•‫بواسطة‬ ‫التحريرية‬ ‫المواد‬ ‫جمع‬
‫عمال‬
‫المرئى‬ ‫العرض‬ ‫شاشات‬ ‫إستخدام‬ ‫مخاطر‬
VDU Screen
‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬RSI
‫والامان‬ ‫للصحة‬ ‫التنفيذية‬ ‫اللجنة‬ ‫عليه‬ ‫تطلق‬Health &
Safety Executive: ‫بريطانيا‬ ‫فى‬
‫العليا‬ ‫الرطراف‬ ‫خلل‬Upper limb disorder
: ‫الخر‬ ‫البعض‬ ‫عليه‬ ‫أرطلق‬ ‫حين‬ ‫فى‬
‫المتزايد‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫الستخدام‬ ‫أعراض‬Occupational
over use syndrome
‫لحصاء‬ ‫وفقا‬1991‫يهدد‬ ‫الخطر‬ ‫فهذا‬100‫ألف‬
.‫المرئى‬ ‫العرض‬ ‫وحدات‬ ‫المتعااملين‬ ‫امن‬ ‫صحفى‬
‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬
1.‫الوروبية‬ ‫الجماعة‬ ‫تعليمات‬ ‫تتبع‬ ‫الصحفية‬ ‫المؤسسة‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫أن‬
‫يناير‬ ‫امن‬1993European Community
‫الشاشات‬ ‫لتحريك‬ ‫حواامل‬ ‫المقاعد‬ ‫تحريك‬ ‫إامكانية‬
‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬
2‫الكتابة‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫المفاتيح‬ ‫للوحة‬ ‫موازية‬ ‫الصحفى‬ ‫يد‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫أن‬ .
.‫الشاشة‬ ‫على‬ ‫والقراءة‬
‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬
3‫من‬ ‫منتظمة‬ ‫راحة‬ ‫فترات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الصحفى‬ ‫يحصل‬ ‫أن‬ .
.‫الكمبيوتر‬ ‫شاشة‬ ‫مع‬ ‫التعامل‬
‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬
4.‫لمدة‬ ‫التمرينات‬ ‫من‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫مزاولة‬2‫فى‬ ‫للمساعدة‬ ‫ق‬
.‫للمرض‬ ‫بالاصابة‬ ‫للمعرضين‬ ‫العراض‬ ‫كمون‬
‫أول‬
‫العمل‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫اللم‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫فى‬
‫المفاتيح‬ ‫لوحة‬ ‫على‬
‫للكتابة‬ ‫المقعد‬ ‫ارتفاع‬ ‫تعديل‬
‫راحة‬ ‫أحسن‬ ‫بطريقة‬
‫الكتابة‬ ‫سرعة‬ ‫تقليل‬
‫فترات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحصول‬
‫منتظمة‬ ‫راحة‬
‫ثانيا‬
‫أثناء‬ ‫الال م‬ ‫تكرار‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫فى‬
‫الرخرى‬ ‫اليد‬ ‫إستخدا م‬
‫متخصص‬ ‫الطبيب‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫الطبيب‬ ‫استشارة‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫اللجوء‬
‫ثالثا‬
‫يؤثر‬ ‫الذى‬ ‫للفراد‬ ‫بالنسبة‬
‫وظائفهم‬ ‫على‬
‫وظائف‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫نقلهم‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫أن‬
‫أخرى‬
‫مداومة‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يتوقفوا‬ ‫أن‬
‫الشاشات‬ ‫أمام‬ ‫العمل‬
•‫للمرسوم‬ ‫طبقا‬ ‫المعمال‬ ‫أصحاب‬ ‫معلى‬ ‫يجب‬
:‫بالىتى‬ ‫القيام‬ ‫الوروبى‬
.‫عليها‬ ‫العمال‬ ‫وإطل ع‬ ‫متطورة‬ ‫الغير‬ ‫المستقبلية‬ ‫المخاطر‬ ‫تحديد‬
‫للعاملين‬ ‫والمان‬ ‫بالصحة‬ ‫يتعلف‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫تدريب‬ ‫تقديم‬.
. ‫راحة‬ ‫فترات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحصول‬ ‫يتيح‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫تنظيم‬
. ‫العيون‬ ‫إختبارات‬ ‫إجراء‬ ‫تكاليف‬ ‫دفع‬
‫لشاشات‬ ‫الرخرى‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫المتاعب‬
‫المرئى‬ ‫العرض‬
‫العين‬ ‫إرهاق‬Eye Strain.
‫العشعا ع‬ ‫مخاطر‬Radiation.
.(‫البشرة‬ ‫تهيج‬ – ‫العين‬ ‫جفاف‬ – ‫المسام‬ ‫)إنسداد‬ ‫تسبب‬ ‫التربة‬
.(‫الوزون‬ ‫)تنتج‬ ‫الليزر‬ ‫وطابعات‬ ‫الضوئى‬ ‫النسخ‬ ‫آلت‬
.‫نفسية‬ ‫أضرار‬
‫اللى‬ ‫الحاسب‬ ‫ىتكنولوجيا‬
‫استهلك‬ ‫و‬ ‫التلوث‬ ‫من‬ ‫والحد‬
‫الطاقة‬
: ‫خلل‬ ‫من‬ ‫الطاقة‬ ‫ىتوفير‬ ‫يتم‬
‫الطاقة‬ ‫نوم‬ ‫نظام‬power sleep mode.
‫الطاقة‬ ‫نجم‬ ‫عشعار‬EPA’s Energy Star logo.
: ‫الطاقة‬ ‫ىتوفر‬ ‫التى‬ ‫الجهزة‬
‫جهاز‬Austin‫جهاز‬ -IBM‫جهاز‬ -AST.
. ‫بالبيئة‬ ‫رفيقة‬ ‫أجهزة‬ ‫خلق‬
‫القامعدة‬ ‫مائية‬ ‫البحبار‬
‫التلوث‬ ‫مشكلة‬ ‫ومواجهة‬
‫القامعدة‬ ‫مائية‬ ‫البحبار‬‫القامعدة‬ ‫زيتية‬ ‫البحبار‬
•.‫الهواء‬ ‫وتتخلل‬ ‫جزيئاتها‬ ‫تتطاير‬
•.‫جاذبية‬ ‫أقل‬ ‫باهتا‬ ‫اللون‬ ‫تجعل‬
•‫الورق‬ ‫جودة‬ ‫من‬ ‫ينقص‬
.‫الورق‬ ‫الزيت‬ ‫ويتشرب‬
•‫بيئة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫جزيئاتها‬ ‫تتطاير‬ ‫ل‬
. ‫المطبعة‬
•‫وضوحا‬ ‫اللون‬ ‫طباعة‬ ‫تزيد‬
.‫جاذبية‬ ‫وأكثر‬
•‫الورق‬ ‫جودة‬ ‫من‬ ‫تنقص‬ ‫ل‬
.‫الورق‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫على‬ ‫ويبقى‬
‫للتطبيق‬ ‫والقابلية‬ ‫المائية‬ ‫البحبار‬
‫فى‬ ‫للتطبيق‬ ‫قابلة‬ ‫غير‬ ‫إنها‬ ‫إل‬ ‫المائية‬ ‫البحبار‬ ‫مزايا‬ ‫رغم‬
.‫الفوفست‬ ‫طباعة‬ ‫مجال‬
‫فى‬ ‫القاعدة‬ ‫مائية‬ ‫الجرافيور‬ ‫أبحبار‬ ‫تطبيق‬ ‫يصعب‬
: ‫ل‬ ‫نظرا‬ ‫الصحفية‬ ‫التستخدامات‬
. ‫البحبار‬ ‫تلك‬ ‫جفاف‬ ‫بطئ‬
‫تعطيها‬ ‫كالتى‬ ‫طباعية‬ ‫جودة‬ ‫إعطاء‬ ‫على‬ ‫قدرتها‬ ‫عدم‬
. ‫القاعدة‬ ‫عضوية‬ ‫البحبار‬
‫البحوث‬ ‫ومراكز‬ ‫والبحبار‬ ‫الطباعة‬ ‫شركات‬ ‫زالت‬ ‫ول‬
‫المشكلت‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫على‬ ‫للتغلب‬ ‫المزيد‬ ‫تبذل‬
‫البيئة‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحفاظ‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫من‬
المخاطر الصحية والبيئية للتكنولوجيا

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المخاطر الصحية والبيئية للتكنولوجيا

  • 1. ‫الموضوع‬ ‫للتكنولوحيا‬ ‫والبيئية‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫“المخاطر‬“ ‫إعداد‬ ‫المنعم‬ ‫عبد‬ ‫عصام‬ ‫إيمان‬ ‫إشراف‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫أبوزيد‬ ‫فاروق‬ ‫دينا‬ /‫د‬ ‫ماجستير‬ ‫تمهيدى‬2014
  • 2. ‫التقليدية‬ ‫الصحافة‬‫التكنولوجية‬ ‫الصحافة‬ •‫بواسطة‬ ‫التحريرية‬ ‫المواد‬ ‫جمع‬ ‫الكمبيوتر‬ •‫بواسطة‬ ‫التحريرية‬ ‫المواد‬ ‫جمع‬ ‫عمال‬
  • 3. ‫المرئى‬ ‫العرض‬ ‫شاشات‬ ‫إستخدام‬ ‫مخاطر‬ VDU Screen
  • 4. ‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬RSI ‫والامان‬ ‫للصحة‬ ‫التنفيذية‬ ‫اللجنة‬ ‫عليه‬ ‫تطلق‬Health & Safety Executive: ‫بريطانيا‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العليا‬ ‫الرطراف‬ ‫خلل‬Upper limb disorder : ‫الخر‬ ‫البعض‬ ‫عليه‬ ‫أرطلق‬ ‫حين‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المتزايد‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫الستخدام‬ ‫أعراض‬Occupational over use syndrome ‫لحصاء‬ ‫وفقا‬1991‫يهدد‬ ‫الخطر‬ ‫فهذا‬100‫ألف‬ .‫المرئى‬ ‫العرض‬ ‫وحدات‬ ‫المتعااملين‬ ‫امن‬ ‫صحفى‬
  • 5.
  • 6. ‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬ 1.‫الوروبية‬ ‫الجماعة‬ ‫تعليمات‬ ‫تتبع‬ ‫الصحفية‬ ‫المؤسسة‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يناير‬ ‫امن‬1993European Community ‫الشاشات‬ ‫لتحريك‬ ‫حواامل‬ ‫المقاعد‬ ‫تحريك‬ ‫إامكانية‬
  • 7. ‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬ 2‫الكتابة‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫المفاتيح‬ ‫للوحة‬ ‫موازية‬ ‫الصحفى‬ ‫يد‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫أن‬ . .‫الشاشة‬ ‫على‬ ‫والقراءة‬
  • 8. ‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬ 3‫من‬ ‫منتظمة‬ ‫راحة‬ ‫فترات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الصحفى‬ ‫يحصل‬ ‫أن‬ . .‫الكمبيوتر‬ ‫شاشة‬ ‫مع‬ ‫التعامل‬
  • 9. ‫المتكرر‬ ‫بالتعب‬ ‫الاصابة‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫كيفية‬ 4.‫لمدة‬ ‫التمرينات‬ ‫من‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫مزاولة‬2‫فى‬ ‫للمساعدة‬ ‫ق‬ .‫للمرض‬ ‫بالاصابة‬ ‫للمعرضين‬ ‫العراض‬ ‫كمون‬
  • 10. ‫أول‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫اللم‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المفاتيح‬ ‫لوحة‬ ‫على‬ ‫للكتابة‬ ‫المقعد‬ ‫ارتفاع‬ ‫تعديل‬ ‫راحة‬ ‫أحسن‬ ‫بطريقة‬ ‫الكتابة‬ ‫سرعة‬ ‫تقليل‬ ‫فترات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحصول‬ ‫منتظمة‬ ‫راحة‬
  • 11. ‫ثانيا‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫الال م‬ ‫تكرار‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الرخرى‬ ‫اليد‬ ‫إستخدا م‬ ‫متخصص‬ ‫الطبيب‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫الطبيب‬ ‫استشارة‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫اللجوء‬
  • 12. ‫ثالثا‬ ‫يؤثر‬ ‫الذى‬ ‫للفراد‬ ‫بالنسبة‬ ‫وظائفهم‬ ‫على‬ ‫وظائف‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫نقلهم‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أخرى‬ ‫مداومة‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يتوقفوا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫الشاشات‬ ‫أمام‬ ‫العمل‬
  • 13. •‫للمرسوم‬ ‫طبقا‬ ‫المعمال‬ ‫أصحاب‬ ‫معلى‬ ‫يجب‬ :‫بالىتى‬ ‫القيام‬ ‫الوروبى‬ .‫عليها‬ ‫العمال‬ ‫وإطل ع‬ ‫متطورة‬ ‫الغير‬ ‫المستقبلية‬ ‫المخاطر‬ ‫تحديد‬ ‫للعاملين‬ ‫والمان‬ ‫بالصحة‬ ‫يتعلف‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫تدريب‬ ‫تقديم‬. . ‫راحة‬ ‫فترات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحصول‬ ‫يتيح‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫تنظيم‬ . ‫العيون‬ ‫إختبارات‬ ‫إجراء‬ ‫تكاليف‬ ‫دفع‬
  • 14. ‫لشاشات‬ ‫الرخرى‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫المتاعب‬ ‫المرئى‬ ‫العرض‬ ‫العين‬ ‫إرهاق‬Eye Strain. ‫العشعا ع‬ ‫مخاطر‬Radiation. .(‫البشرة‬ ‫تهيج‬ – ‫العين‬ ‫جفاف‬ – ‫المسام‬ ‫)إنسداد‬ ‫تسبب‬ ‫التربة‬ .(‫الوزون‬ ‫)تنتج‬ ‫الليزر‬ ‫وطابعات‬ ‫الضوئى‬ ‫النسخ‬ ‫آلت‬ .‫نفسية‬ ‫أضرار‬
  • 15. ‫اللى‬ ‫الحاسب‬ ‫ىتكنولوجيا‬ ‫استهلك‬ ‫و‬ ‫التلوث‬ ‫من‬ ‫والحد‬ ‫الطاقة‬
  • 16. : ‫خلل‬ ‫من‬ ‫الطاقة‬ ‫ىتوفير‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫الطاقة‬ ‫نوم‬ ‫نظام‬power sleep mode. ‫الطاقة‬ ‫نجم‬ ‫عشعار‬EPA’s Energy Star logo. : ‫الطاقة‬ ‫ىتوفر‬ ‫التى‬ ‫الجهزة‬ ‫جهاز‬Austin‫جهاز‬ -IBM‫جهاز‬ -AST. . ‫بالبيئة‬ ‫رفيقة‬ ‫أجهزة‬ ‫خلق‬
  • 18. ‫القامعدة‬ ‫مائية‬ ‫البحبار‬‫القامعدة‬ ‫زيتية‬ ‫البحبار‬ •.‫الهواء‬ ‫وتتخلل‬ ‫جزيئاتها‬ ‫تتطاير‬ •.‫جاذبية‬ ‫أقل‬ ‫باهتا‬ ‫اللون‬ ‫تجعل‬ •‫الورق‬ ‫جودة‬ ‫من‬ ‫ينقص‬ .‫الورق‬ ‫الزيت‬ ‫ويتشرب‬ •‫بيئة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫جزيئاتها‬ ‫تتطاير‬ ‫ل‬ . ‫المطبعة‬ •‫وضوحا‬ ‫اللون‬ ‫طباعة‬ ‫تزيد‬ .‫جاذبية‬ ‫وأكثر‬ •‫الورق‬ ‫جودة‬ ‫من‬ ‫تنقص‬ ‫ل‬ .‫الورق‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫على‬ ‫ويبقى‬
  • 19. ‫للتطبيق‬ ‫والقابلية‬ ‫المائية‬ ‫البحبار‬ ‫فى‬ ‫للتطبيق‬ ‫قابلة‬ ‫غير‬ ‫إنها‬ ‫إل‬ ‫المائية‬ ‫البحبار‬ ‫مزايا‬ ‫رغم‬ .‫الفوفست‬ ‫طباعة‬ ‫مجال‬ ‫فى‬ ‫القاعدة‬ ‫مائية‬ ‫الجرافيور‬ ‫أبحبار‬ ‫تطبيق‬ ‫يصعب‬ : ‫ل‬ ‫نظرا‬ ‫الصحفية‬ ‫التستخدامات‬ . ‫البحبار‬ ‫تلك‬ ‫جفاف‬ ‫بطئ‬ ‫تعطيها‬ ‫كالتى‬ ‫طباعية‬ ‫جودة‬ ‫إعطاء‬ ‫على‬ ‫قدرتها‬ ‫عدم‬ . ‫القاعدة‬ ‫عضوية‬ ‫البحبار‬
  • 20. ‫البحوث‬ ‫ومراكز‬ ‫والبحبار‬ ‫الطباعة‬ ‫شركات‬ ‫زالت‬ ‫ول‬ ‫المشكلت‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫على‬ ‫للتغلب‬ ‫المزيد‬ ‫تبذل‬ ‫البيئة‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحفاظ‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫من‬