Diphtheria is an acute bacterial infection that can affect the throat (respiratory diphtheria) or skin (cutaneous diphtheria). The diphtheria bacterium enters through the nose, mouth or breaks in the skin and has an incubation period of 2-5 days. Symptoms of respiratory diphtheria include sore throat, fever and difficulty breathing while cutaneous diphtheria presents as skin sores. Treatment involves antitoxin injections to neutralize toxins, antibiotics to kill the bacteria and potentially removing throat coverings if obstructing breathing. Vaccination and antibiotic treatment after exposure can help prevent the disease.
Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease as it offers better quality of life and longevity than long-term dialysis. Diabetic nephropathy accounts for 40% of diseases resulting in renal transplantation and patients with this condition are more prone to post-transplant complications. The transplantation process involves coordinating with transplant teams early, evaluating potential donors for conditions like HIV or malignancy, and managing physiological changes after brain death to preserve organ perfusion until transplantation. After transplantation, the kidney is placed in the lower abdomen and connected to blood vessels and the bladder, with acute rejection potentially occurring within the first three post-transplant months.
This document outlines 12 key functions of the kidneys including urine formation, excretion of waste products, regulation of electrolyte, acid, and water excretion, auto regulation of blood pressure, regulation of red blood cell production, renal clearance, vitamin D synthesis, secretions of prostaglandins, urine storage, and bladder emptying.
Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease that causes abnormal enlargement of the air sacs in the lungs, resulting in shortness of breath. It is often caused by smoking or long-term exposure to chemical fumes or air pollution. The lungs become damaged over time, reducing their ability to extract oxygen from inhaled air. Treatment involves quitting smoking, oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, anti-inflammatories, and sometimes surgery to remove damaged parts of the lungs or perform a lung transplant in severe cases. The document provides details on the causes, mechanisms, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for pulmonary emphysema.
Презентація на тему "Невідкладні хірургічні стани", в ній описується як проводити реанімаційні заходи згідно правил "ABC", термінальні стани та їхні прояви та ознаки.
Diphtheria is an acute bacterial infection that can affect the throat (respiratory diphtheria) or skin (cutaneous diphtheria). The diphtheria bacterium enters through the nose, mouth or breaks in the skin and has an incubation period of 2-5 days. Symptoms of respiratory diphtheria include sore throat, fever and difficulty breathing while cutaneous diphtheria presents as skin sores. Treatment involves antitoxin injections to neutralize toxins, antibiotics to kill the bacteria and potentially removing throat coverings if obstructing breathing. Vaccination and antibiotic treatment after exposure can help prevent the disease.
Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease as it offers better quality of life and longevity than long-term dialysis. Diabetic nephropathy accounts for 40% of diseases resulting in renal transplantation and patients with this condition are more prone to post-transplant complications. The transplantation process involves coordinating with transplant teams early, evaluating potential donors for conditions like HIV or malignancy, and managing physiological changes after brain death to preserve organ perfusion until transplantation. After transplantation, the kidney is placed in the lower abdomen and connected to blood vessels and the bladder, with acute rejection potentially occurring within the first three post-transplant months.
This document outlines 12 key functions of the kidneys including urine formation, excretion of waste products, regulation of electrolyte, acid, and water excretion, auto regulation of blood pressure, regulation of red blood cell production, renal clearance, vitamin D synthesis, secretions of prostaglandins, urine storage, and bladder emptying.
Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease that causes abnormal enlargement of the air sacs in the lungs, resulting in shortness of breath. It is often caused by smoking or long-term exposure to chemical fumes or air pollution. The lungs become damaged over time, reducing their ability to extract oxygen from inhaled air. Treatment involves quitting smoking, oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, anti-inflammatories, and sometimes surgery to remove damaged parts of the lungs or perform a lung transplant in severe cases. The document provides details on the causes, mechanisms, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for pulmonary emphysema.
Презентація на тему "Невідкладні хірургічні стани", в ній описується як проводити реанімаційні заходи згідно правил "ABC", термінальні стани та їхні прояви та ознаки.
3. — особливий клас інфекційних агентів, чисто
білкових (тобто таких, що не містять нуклеїнових
кислот), що викликають важкі захворювання
центральної нервової системи у людей і ряду вищих.
Пріонний білок, що володіє аномальною
тривимірною структурою, здатний прямо каталізувати
структурне
перетворення
гомологічного
йому
нормального клітинного білка в собі подібний
(пріонний), приєднуючись до білка-мішені і змінюючи
його конформацію. Як правило, пріонний стан білка
характеризується переходом α-спіралей білка в βскладчастість.
9. Пріони – це особливий склад інфекційних агентів, що
складаються:
з білків та вуглеводів і містять нуклеїнові кислоти
з білків і не містять нуклеїнових кислот
з білків і містять нуклеїнові кислоти
з ліпідів і містять нуклеїнові кислоти
Симптоми, хворої на пріонні хвороби людини:
підвищення температури
кашель
втрата пам’яті
безсоння