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INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                             1 / 32




                              INFORMATION DESIGN
                                                        情報デザイン論演習
                                         Data                  Visualization


                                 データ ビジュアル化(可視化)
                                            Infographics or Data Visualization?
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                           2 / 32

                              Infographics                                                 Data Visualization


      インフォグラフィック                                                                        データビジュアル化

                                                        Visual Representation of Data


                                             ビジュアル的なデータの表現




                            (史上最大の倒産)                                                     (イギリス政府の支持率)
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                                      3 / 32

                              Infographics                                                     Data Visualization


      インフォグラフィック                                                                         データビジュアル化

                                                         Visual Representation of Data


                                             ビジュアル的なデータの表現


                            Manually Drawn                                                   Algorithmically Drawn

                          手動で描画                                                               算法で描画

                      Specific to the data at hand                                          Universal to all kind of data

                         固有データ                                                                全般データ

                            Aesthetically rich             NOT decorated                       Aesthetically poor

                      美的表現は豊か                           装飾されていない                          美的表現が限れている

                           Relatively data poor                                                Relatively data rich

              比較的限れているデータ                                                                 比較的豊かなデータ
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                4 / 32

                              Infographics                           Data Visualization


      インフォグラフィック                                                  データビジュアル化




                                                                         Mathematics      Computer Science

                                                                            数学            情報科学
                                                         Design
                                                                           Statistics       System Theory

                                                        デザイン                統計            システム理論
                                                                          Psychology          Semantics

                                                                         心理学                 記号学
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                              5 / 32

                                                                            Data Visualization


                                                           データビジュアル化




                                                                    “An image worth a thousand words”


                                                        「一枚の絵は一千語に匹敵する」
                                                                                         Mathematics    Computer Science

                                                                                           数学           情報科学
                                                           Design
                                                                                           Statistics     System Theory

                                                         デザイン                              統計           システム理論
                                                                                         Psychology         Semantics

                                                                                         心理学               記号学
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                                              6 / 32




                                                              “An image worth a thousand words”


                                       「一枚の絵は一千語に匹敵する」



                                                                      Data Visualization


                                                             データビジュアル化
                                                                                                  Mathematics   Computer Science

                VIS makes use of the brain abilities
                                                                                                   数学           情報科学
          VISは、脳の機能を利用しています                                                Design
                                                                                                   Statistics     System Theory
           VIS makes use of the brain natural capabilities

     VISは、脳の自然な能力を利用しています
                                                                   デザイン                             統計          システム理論
                   VIS can inspire new questions                                                  Psychology        Semantics

  VISは、新しい質問を抱かせることができます                                                                          心理学              記号学
                  VIS helps identify sub-problems

           VISは、サブ問題の識別に役立ち
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                            7 / 32

                                                                  Data Visualization


                                                        データビジュアル化

                                                            Visual Representation of Data


                                            ビジュアル的なデータの表現



                                                           Algorithmically Drawn

                                                            算法で描画

                                                         Universal to all kind of data

                                                            全般データ
                                                                                            Data   information


                                                             Aesthetically poor             データ    情報
                                                        美的表現が限れている

                                                            Relatively data poor

                                                        比較的豊かなデータ
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                                                                                     8 / 32



                                                                                        A property which can change and its variations can be measured.
                                                     Variable
                                                                           変化する特徴、この特徴が計る事が出来る。
                                                     変数
                        data                                                           information                                                            knowledge


               データ                                                                   情報                                                                    知識




                                                                   When data is processed, organized, structured or
                                                                presented in a given context so as to make it useful, it is
    Data is raw and unorganized fundamental facts.                                 called Information.
                  “Numerical values”                                                    “Meaning”                                            Our personal map/model of the World

 データとは、未処理あるいは未組織な                                      データが処理、整理、構造化されると、役立つ                                                                 世界の個人的なモデル。
          基礎的事実のことです。                                           データになり、情報と呼ばれています。
                    「数値」                                                              「意味」
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                        9 / 32



                       data                                                                    information


               データ                                                                             情報
                                                                     Variable

                                                                     変数
                                                                                               I love
                                                                                                NGE


                                                              Neon Genesis Evangelion
                                                        人              一年
                                                        Aさん             1
                                                        Bさん             3
                                                        Cさん             2

         NGEを見る                                         Dさん
                                                        Eさん
                                                                        0
                                                                        1
                                                                                        1.4


                                                        Fさん             1
                                                        Gさん             2
                                                        クリス            100.0            98.6
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                                                         10 / 32

            Data                                                                          Audience

         データ                                                                              観客
       Self-referential

      自己参照                                              Designer                          Context

         Theoretical                              デザイナー                                   文脈
        理論的
           Arcane
                                                                      “Design is the intermediary between information and understanding”
        不可知
         Inaccessible
                                                               「デザインは、情報と理解の仲介物」
        難解な

                                                        Visual Form                      Information                                       User

                                                 ビジュアル系                                   情報                                       ユーザー
                                                                                       User-centered

                                                                                  ユーザー中心
                                                                                         Pragmatic

                                                                                        実際的
                                                                                         Functional

                                                                                        機能的
                                                                                         Accessible

                                                                                      達成可能
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                                         11 / 32




                                                                information


                                                              情報


INFORMATION                UNINFORMATION                NONINFORMATION             MISINFORMATION                DISINFORMATION



  Vitally Important         Probably not important       Probably not important     Vitally Important to avoid       Difficult to avoid

 極めて重要な                   恐らく大事じゃない                     恐らく大事じゃない                 回避するために極めて重要な                  回避するのは難しい


   Definitely true             Probably not untrue         Probably not untrue          Definitely not true          Deliberately not true

  確実に実勢                   恐らく虚偽じゃない                     恐らく虚偽じゃない                   確実に実勢じゃない                    わざと実勢じゃない


                            Possibly not interesting         Possibly true

                        若しかして面白くない                       若しかして実勢


                                                           Possibly confusing

                                                        若しかして紛らわしい
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                            12 / 32

INFORMATION                 UNINFORMATION               NONINFORMATION   MISINFORMATION   DISINFORMATION



  Vitally Important

 極めて重要な


   Definitely true

  確実に実勢
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction   13 / 32

   UNINFORMATION



    Probably not important

  恐らく大事じゃない


      Probably not untrue

  恐らく虚偽じゃない


    Possibly not interesting

若しかして面白くない
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction   14 / 32

        NONINFORMATION



           Probably not important

         恐らく大事じゃない


             Probably not untrue

         恐らく虚偽じゃない


                Possibly true

            若しかして実勢


             Possibly confusing

       若しかして紛らわしい
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction   15 / 32

          MISINFORMATION



            Vitally Important to avoid

     回避するために極めて重要な


                Definitely not true

           確実に実勢じゃない
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction   16 / 32

     DISINFORMATION



            Difficult to avoid

      回避するのは難しい


          Deliberately not true

      わざと実勢じゃない
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                     17 / 32




                                                                     Reader

                                                                   リーダー




                                                    Informative                  Persuasive

                                             情報量の多い                              説得力




                                      Data                          Visual art                 Designer

                                  データ                             ビジュアルアート                    デザイナー
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction   18 / 32

                    Reader




      Informative            Persuasive




  Data          Visual art           Designer
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction   19 / 32

                    Reader




      Informative            Persuasive




  Data          Visual art           Designer
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                20 / 32

                    Reader




      Informative            Persuasive




  Data          Visual art           Designer                   Fiber Optic Tapestry




                                                        http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgaIyrQZ_xo
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                       21 / 32




      Acquire                   Parse               Filter    Mining   Represent    Refine     Interact

   集まる                         解析                  漉す        マイニング     表示          絞り込む     相互作用
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                     22 / 32



      Acquire                     Parse             Filter    Mine   Represent    Refine     Interact

   集まる                         解析                  漉す        マイニング   表示          絞り込む     相互作用




                     Population

                      人口
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                                                                    23 / 32



      Acquire                   Parse                 Filter                  Mining                    Represent                   Refine                  Interact

   集まる                         解析                  漉す                  マイニング                             表示                     絞り込む                     相互作用




                                                                                      Annual                        Latest
                                                                                                   Estimated
                                         Estimated       Estimated    Estimated      Change                                     Estimated   Population
                                                                                                   Population
   Rank         Prefecture   Japanese      Total           Male        Female      (Oct 1, 2007                   Census           Area      Density     Capital
                                                                                                  of Japanese
                                         Population      Population   Population    to Sep 30,                   Population(      (Km2)       (/km2)
                                                                                                   Nationality
                                                                                       2008)                     Oct 1, 2005)
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                       24 / 32



      Acquire                   Parse               Filter    Mining   Represent    Refine     Interact

   集まる                         解析                  漉す        マイニング     表示          絞り込む     相互作用
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                              25 / 32



      Acquire                   Parse               Filter    Mining   Represent            Refine                       Interact

   集まる                         解析                  漉す        マイニング     表示                  絞り込む                   相互作用




                                                                               Ranking                      Median

                                                                               序列                         中央値
                                                                              Percentage               Arithmetic mean

                                                                       パーセンテージ                         相加平均
                                                                              Proportion            Statistical Significance

                                                                               比率                   統計的な有意差
                                                                                   Ratio             Standard Deviation

                                                                               割合                      標準偏差
                                                                                   Range             Normal Distribution

                                                                                   範囲                  正規分布
                                                                                                          Etcetera...

                                                                                                           など
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                              26 / 32

                                                                                Helvetica Regular 20 pts
                                                        5 mts




                                                                                                 A

                                                                                         99.7%
                                                                                          95%
                                                                                          68%




                               50%           50%


                                                        0.15%   2.35%   13.5%      34%       34%        13.5%   2.35%   0.15%


                                 5 mts                      -3SD    -2SD        -1SD     M       +1SD       +2SD    +3SD
                        Helvetica regular 20 pts
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                         27 / 32



      Acquire                   Parse                   Filter    Mine   Represent    Refine     Interact

   集まる                         解析                    漉す          マイニング   表示          絞り込む     相互作用

          Ranking                           Median

           序列                              中央値
         Percentage                     Arithmetic mean

   パーセンテージ                               相加平均
         Proportion                 Statistical Significance

           比率                       統計的な有意差
           Ratio                     Standard Deviation

           割合                            標準偏差
           Range                     Normal Distribution

           範囲                            正規分布
                                          Etcetera...

                                            など
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                     28 / 32



      Acquire                   Parse               Filter    Mine   Represent    Refine     Interact

   集まる                         解析                  漉す        マイニング   表示          絞り込む     相互作用
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                        29 / 32



      Acquire                   Parse               Filter    Mine   Represent       Refine     Interact

   集まる                         解析                  漉す        マイニング   表示          絞り込む        相互作用




                                                                                 =
                                                                                 <               ?
                                                                                 >
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                             30 / 32




                    What?                               to Who?    What for?    not EVERYTHING is OK!

                   何?                                   誰に?       何のため?        何でもOKじゃね!
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                  31 / 32




                                                                        Total Brain Power

                                                                   脳の能力




                                                        Understanding

                                                        理解
                                                                                            Decoding


                                                                                            解読
INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction                                                 32 / 32




                                                Information = Power
                                                        with great power comes great responsibility

              大いなる力には、大いなる責任が伴う

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データ可視化の概要

  • 1. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 1 / 32 INFORMATION DESIGN 情報デザイン論演習 Data Visualization データ ビジュアル化(可視化) Infographics or Data Visualization?
  • 2. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 2 / 32 Infographics Data Visualization インフォグラフィック データビジュアル化 Visual Representation of Data ビジュアル的なデータの表現 (史上最大の倒産) (イギリス政府の支持率)
  • 3. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 3 / 32 Infographics Data Visualization インフォグラフィック データビジュアル化 Visual Representation of Data ビジュアル的なデータの表現 Manually Drawn Algorithmically Drawn 手動で描画 算法で描画 Specific to the data at hand Universal to all kind of data 固有データ 全般データ Aesthetically rich NOT decorated Aesthetically poor 美的表現は豊か 装飾されていない 美的表現が限れている Relatively data poor Relatively data rich 比較的限れているデータ 比較的豊かなデータ
  • 4. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 4 / 32 Infographics Data Visualization インフォグラフィック データビジュアル化 Mathematics Computer Science 数学 情報科学 Design Statistics System Theory デザイン 統計 システム理論 Psychology Semantics 心理学 記号学
  • 5. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 5 / 32 Data Visualization データビジュアル化 “An image worth a thousand words” 「一枚の絵は一千語に匹敵する」 Mathematics Computer Science 数学 情報科学 Design Statistics System Theory デザイン 統計 システム理論 Psychology Semantics 心理学 記号学
  • 6. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 6 / 32 “An image worth a thousand words” 「一枚の絵は一千語に匹敵する」 Data Visualization データビジュアル化 Mathematics Computer Science VIS makes use of the brain abilities 数学 情報科学 VISは、脳の機能を利用しています Design Statistics System Theory VIS makes use of the brain natural capabilities VISは、脳の自然な能力を利用しています デザイン 統計 システム理論 VIS can inspire new questions Psychology Semantics VISは、新しい質問を抱かせることができます 心理学 記号学 VIS helps identify sub-problems VISは、サブ問題の識別に役立ち
  • 7. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 7 / 32 Data Visualization データビジュアル化 Visual Representation of Data ビジュアル的なデータの表現 Algorithmically Drawn 算法で描画 Universal to all kind of data 全般データ Data information Aesthetically poor データ 情報 美的表現が限れている Relatively data poor 比較的豊かなデータ
  • 8. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 8 / 32 A property which can change and its variations can be measured. Variable 変化する特徴、この特徴が計る事が出来る。 変数 data information knowledge データ 情報 知識 When data is processed, organized, structured or presented in a given context so as to make it useful, it is Data is raw and unorganized fundamental facts. called Information. “Numerical values” “Meaning” Our personal map/model of the World データとは、未処理あるいは未組織な データが処理、整理、構造化されると、役立つ 世界の個人的なモデル。 基礎的事実のことです。 データになり、情報と呼ばれています。 「数値」 「意味」
  • 9. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 9 / 32 data information データ 情報 Variable 変数 I love NGE Neon Genesis Evangelion 人 一年 Aさん 1 Bさん 3 Cさん 2 NGEを見る Dさん Eさん 0 1 1.4 Fさん 1 Gさん 2 クリス 100.0 98.6
  • 10. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 10 / 32 Data Audience データ 観客 Self-referential 自己参照 Designer Context Theoretical デザイナー 文脈 理論的 Arcane “Design is the intermediary between information and understanding” 不可知 Inaccessible 「デザインは、情報と理解の仲介物」 難解な Visual Form Information User ビジュアル系 情報 ユーザー User-centered ユーザー中心 Pragmatic 実際的 Functional 機能的 Accessible 達成可能
  • 11. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 11 / 32 information 情報 INFORMATION UNINFORMATION NONINFORMATION MISINFORMATION DISINFORMATION Vitally Important Probably not important Probably not important Vitally Important to avoid Difficult to avoid 極めて重要な 恐らく大事じゃない 恐らく大事じゃない 回避するために極めて重要な 回避するのは難しい Definitely true Probably not untrue Probably not untrue Definitely not true Deliberately not true 確実に実勢 恐らく虚偽じゃない 恐らく虚偽じゃない 確実に実勢じゃない わざと実勢じゃない Possibly not interesting Possibly true 若しかして面白くない 若しかして実勢 Possibly confusing 若しかして紛らわしい
  • 12. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 12 / 32 INFORMATION UNINFORMATION NONINFORMATION MISINFORMATION DISINFORMATION Vitally Important 極めて重要な Definitely true 確実に実勢
  • 13. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 13 / 32 UNINFORMATION Probably not important 恐らく大事じゃない Probably not untrue 恐らく虚偽じゃない Possibly not interesting 若しかして面白くない
  • 14. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 14 / 32 NONINFORMATION Probably not important 恐らく大事じゃない Probably not untrue 恐らく虚偽じゃない Possibly true 若しかして実勢 Possibly confusing 若しかして紛らわしい
  • 15. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 15 / 32 MISINFORMATION Vitally Important to avoid 回避するために極めて重要な Definitely not true 確実に実勢じゃない
  • 16. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 16 / 32 DISINFORMATION Difficult to avoid 回避するのは難しい Deliberately not true わざと実勢じゃない
  • 17. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 17 / 32 Reader リーダー Informative Persuasive 情報量の多い 説得力 Data Visual art Designer データ ビジュアルアート デザイナー
  • 18. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 18 / 32 Reader Informative Persuasive Data Visual art Designer
  • 19. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 19 / 32 Reader Informative Persuasive Data Visual art Designer
  • 20. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 20 / 32 Reader Informative Persuasive Data Visual art Designer Fiber Optic Tapestry http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgaIyrQZ_xo
  • 21. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 21 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mining Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用
  • 22. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 22 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mine Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用 Population 人口
  • 23. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 23 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mining Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用 Annual Latest Estimated Estimated Estimated Estimated Change Estimated Population Population Rank Prefecture Japanese Total Male Female (Oct 1, 2007 Census Area Density Capital of Japanese Population Population Population to Sep 30, Population( (Km2) (/km2) Nationality 2008) Oct 1, 2005)
  • 24. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 24 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mining Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用
  • 25. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 25 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mining Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用 Ranking Median 序列 中央値 Percentage Arithmetic mean パーセンテージ 相加平均 Proportion Statistical Significance 比率 統計的な有意差 Ratio Standard Deviation 割合 標準偏差 Range Normal Distribution 範囲 正規分布 Etcetera... など
  • 26. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 26 / 32 Helvetica Regular 20 pts 5 mts A 99.7% 95% 68% 50% 50% 0.15% 2.35% 13.5% 34% 34% 13.5% 2.35% 0.15% 5 mts -3SD -2SD -1SD M +1SD +2SD +3SD Helvetica regular 20 pts
  • 27. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 27 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mine Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用 Ranking Median 序列 中央値 Percentage Arithmetic mean パーセンテージ 相加平均 Proportion Statistical Significance 比率 統計的な有意差 Ratio Standard Deviation 割合 標準偏差 Range Normal Distribution 範囲 正規分布 Etcetera... など
  • 28. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 28 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mine Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用
  • 29. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 29 / 32 Acquire Parse Filter Mine Represent Refine Interact 集まる 解析 漉す マイニング 表示 絞り込む 相互作用 = < ? >
  • 30. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 30 / 32 What? to Who? What for? not EVERYTHING is OK! 何? 誰に? 何のため? 何でもOKじゃね!
  • 31. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 31 / 32 Total Brain Power 脳の能力 Understanding 理解 Decoding 解読
  • 32. INFORMATION DESIGN: DATA VISUALIZATION - Introduction 32 / 32 Information = Power with great power comes great responsibility 大いなる力には、大いなる責任が伴う