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觀其眸子 人焉廋哉
-- 透視眼動背後的認知與情緒
Open your mind through your eyes!




報告人:Daren Da-Lun, Tang, Associate Professor,
 Department of Mass Communication, TKU
兩個主題


   眼球運動有哪些重要特徵?
   如何詮釋眼球運動的資料?
眼球運動有哪些重要特徵?
   凝視(fixation):
       眼球較長時間的短距離慢速運動
   跳視(saccade):
       眼球產生極短時間內的快速運動,
       約 300/s, 80000/s2 以上,
   眨眼(blink):
   為了讓凝視與跳視的區分戶斥,高速眼動儀只定義跳
    視,剩下的就歸為凝視!
       眼動儀設備的跳視偵測閾值越低,越能偵測到眼球的微小
        跳視狀態(microsaccade), 也會增加捕捉到短時間凝視
        (short fixation<100ms )的機率
“看圖” 與 “看文字” 視線特徵大不
     同

   閱讀文字有方向性, 平均凝視時間約為200-
    250ms, 視線跳躍幅度約2-4度, 有視覺(字形),
    聽覺(字音), 與記憶(字義)的特化神經活動

   瀏覽圖片無方向性,平均凝視時間約為250-
    300ms,視線跳躍幅度約4-6度, 有關於物體辨
    認的特化神經活動
為什麼需要高速抽樣的眼動儀?

   為了補捉快速跳視狀態
   跳視產生的持續時間約10-30ms
   Nyquist rate 原則:In order to pick up
    saccadic information, sampling rate must be
    larger than 200Hz
眼球運動資料的分析有…?

   視線資料分析是一種藝術
   定量的分析
       統計檢定推論:需要嚴謹的實驗設計控制&度量
           凝視時間 跳視幅度 凝視次數 …
       機率模型建構:需要建立前、後凝視之間的機率資料與假
        設
   定性的分析
       時間序列資料的解讀
           凝視狀態:
           跳視狀態:
           空間分佈狀態:熱區圖
究竟受試者如何看?
   個別受試者的凝視 與 跳視兩種狀態的時間序列資料可能彰
    顯:該受試者在何處?看了多久?接下來又看了何處?但是
    無法得知有無共識!
     individualscanpath.wmv:先看商標文字,再看手與袖子;先看
      人臉再看大字的文案,最後再看小字文案;!
   加總所有受試者之凝視與跳視的時間序列資料可能彰顯:在
    什麼時候?大家共同看到了特定位置,但是可能因為共識很少
    引入許多雜訊!
     t2avi.wmv:除了商標文字之外,約1秒之後,視線無明顯群聚
     t6avi.wmv:維持高度集中的三群視線
     t21avi.wmv:約1秒之後,視線幾乎沒有重點集中群聚現象
究竟受試者如何看?
   計算每一次凝視與每一次跳視的平均特徵狀態可能彰顯:受試
    者有共同觀看模式
     以下三種情境中,藍色情境的平均每一次凝視時間逐漸上升
      達穩定態, 跳視幅度逐漸下降達穩定態受試者大約在一
      開始就已經掌握整體訊息結構,所以眼睛可以很快跑到結構
      中的局部重要部位仔細觀察
     紅色曲線與綠色曲線則無此明顯模式!
為什麼受試者會這樣看…?

   影響凝視 與 跳視兩種狀態的因素可能相互獨立,因
    此可分開思考, 獨立檢驗

   凝視時間拉長意味著越喜歡?縮短表示訊息處理越簡
    單?
   跳視幅度拉大表示正在攫取整體訊息?縮小表示正在
    攫取局部訊息?
Thanks for paying
attention

有任何建議,意見或疑問,請不吝賜教

tdl@faculty.pccu.edu.tw

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觀其眸子人焉廋哉

  • 1. 觀其眸子 人焉廋哉 -- 透視眼動背後的認知與情緒 Open your mind through your eyes! 報告人:Daren Da-Lun, Tang, Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, TKU
  • 2. 兩個主題  眼球運動有哪些重要特徵?  如何詮釋眼球運動的資料?
  • 3. 眼球運動有哪些重要特徵?  凝視(fixation):  眼球較長時間的短距離慢速運動  跳視(saccade):  眼球產生極短時間內的快速運動,  約 300/s, 80000/s2 以上,  眨眼(blink):  為了讓凝視與跳視的區分戶斥,高速眼動儀只定義跳 視,剩下的就歸為凝視!  眼動儀設備的跳視偵測閾值越低,越能偵測到眼球的微小 跳視狀態(microsaccade), 也會增加捕捉到短時間凝視 (short fixation<100ms )的機率
  • 4. “看圖” 與 “看文字” 視線特徵大不 同  閱讀文字有方向性, 平均凝視時間約為200- 250ms, 視線跳躍幅度約2-4度, 有視覺(字形), 聽覺(字音), 與記憶(字義)的特化神經活動  瀏覽圖片無方向性,平均凝視時間約為250- 300ms,視線跳躍幅度約4-6度, 有關於物體辨 認的特化神經活動
  • 5. 為什麼需要高速抽樣的眼動儀?  為了補捉快速跳視狀態  跳視產生的持續時間約10-30ms  Nyquist rate 原則:In order to pick up saccadic information, sampling rate must be larger than 200Hz
  • 6. 眼球運動資料的分析有…?  視線資料分析是一種藝術  定量的分析  統計檢定推論:需要嚴謹的實驗設計控制&度量  凝視時間 跳視幅度 凝視次數 …  機率模型建構:需要建立前、後凝視之間的機率資料與假 設  定性的分析  時間序列資料的解讀  凝視狀態:  跳視狀態:  空間分佈狀態:熱區圖
  • 7. 究竟受試者如何看?  個別受試者的凝視 與 跳視兩種狀態的時間序列資料可能彰 顯:該受試者在何處?看了多久?接下來又看了何處?但是 無法得知有無共識!  individualscanpath.wmv:先看商標文字,再看手與袖子;先看 人臉再看大字的文案,最後再看小字文案;!  加總所有受試者之凝視與跳視的時間序列資料可能彰顯:在 什麼時候?大家共同看到了特定位置,但是可能因為共識很少 引入許多雜訊!  t2avi.wmv:除了商標文字之外,約1秒之後,視線無明顯群聚  t6avi.wmv:維持高度集中的三群視線  t21avi.wmv:約1秒之後,視線幾乎沒有重點集中群聚現象
  • 8. 究竟受試者如何看?  計算每一次凝視與每一次跳視的平均特徵狀態可能彰顯:受試 者有共同觀看模式  以下三種情境中,藍色情境的平均每一次凝視時間逐漸上升 達穩定態, 跳視幅度逐漸下降達穩定態受試者大約在一 開始就已經掌握整體訊息結構,所以眼睛可以很快跑到結構 中的局部重要部位仔細觀察  紅色曲線與綠色曲線則無此明顯模式!
  • 9. 為什麼受試者會這樣看…?  影響凝視 與 跳視兩種狀態的因素可能相互獨立,因 此可分開思考, 獨立檢驗  凝視時間拉長意味著越喜歡?縮短表示訊息處理越簡 單?  跳視幅度拉大表示正在攫取整體訊息?縮小表示正在 攫取局部訊息?