1) Nanotwinned copper films deposited by pulsed electrodeposition showed better corrosion resistance than those deposited by direct current, due to the formation of coherent twin boundaries which inhibit corrosion.
2) Films co-deposited with benzotriazole displayed higher corrosion resistance than films without the additive. The additive provided a protective effect by incorporating into the film during deposition.
3) Among the films tested, those deposited by pulsed electrodeposition with benzotriazole additive showed the highest corrosion resistance due to having both beneficial effects of coherent twinning and highest amount of incorporated benzotriazole.
1) The document provides guidelines for effective PowerPoint presentations, including considering the audience's perspective, having a clear outline or skeleton, and only including important information.
2) It recommends organizing slides with a consistent layout, color scheme, and alignment of objects. Figures, data plots, and other visuals should be clear and help illustrate concepts.
3) Using animation and movement can help draw attention to key points, but should be kept simple. The most important guidelines are to put the audience's needs first and maintain control during the presentation.
This document discusses ways to strengthen magnets by increasing their energy product. It defines energy product as BH at a certain point, which represents the energy stored per unit volume. There are two main mechanisms that control coercivity - nucleation and domain wall pinning. To increase coercivity through nucleation, methods that reduce grain size are used as coercivity increases with smaller grain sizes. To increase coercivity through pinning, additives are used to pin domain walls. Combining hard and soft magnet phases, such as in titanium-doped iron-neodymium-boron magnets, allows achieving a high energy product through a balance of moderate coercivity and high remanence.
1) Nanotwinned copper films deposited by pulsed electrodeposition showed better corrosion resistance than those deposited by direct current, due to the formation of coherent twin boundaries which inhibit corrosion.
2) Films co-deposited with benzotriazole displayed higher corrosion resistance than films without the additive. The additive provided a protective effect by incorporating into the film during deposition.
3) Among the films tested, those deposited by pulsed electrodeposition with benzotriazole additive showed the highest corrosion resistance due to having both beneficial effects of coherent twinning and highest amount of incorporated benzotriazole.
1) The document provides guidelines for effective PowerPoint presentations, including considering the audience's perspective, having a clear outline or skeleton, and only including important information.
2) It recommends organizing slides with a consistent layout, color scheme, and alignment of objects. Figures, data plots, and other visuals should be clear and help illustrate concepts.
3) Using animation and movement can help draw attention to key points, but should be kept simple. The most important guidelines are to put the audience's needs first and maintain control during the presentation.
This document discusses ways to strengthen magnets by increasing their energy product. It defines energy product as BH at a certain point, which represents the energy stored per unit volume. There are two main mechanisms that control coercivity - nucleation and domain wall pinning. To increase coercivity through nucleation, methods that reduce grain size are used as coercivity increases with smaller grain sizes. To increase coercivity through pinning, additives are used to pin domain walls. Combining hard and soft magnet phases, such as in titanium-doped iron-neodymium-boron magnets, allows achieving a high energy product through a balance of moderate coercivity and high remanence.
The document outlines the basic concepts and applications of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). It discusses the instrument components including cell design and tip fabrication. Various scan modes and applications in biological and electrochemical research are described, such as imaging molecular transport across membranes and studying charge and mass transfer at liquid/liquid interfaces. SECM can be used to observe surface reactions in liquid systems and provide morphological and chemical property information through different scan modes.
- Researchers discovered a new phase of carbon called linear carbon through an explosion at a laboratory, but it caused injuries and was initially unsuccessful.
- Later, scientists were able to make progress on synthesizing linear carbon using polyacetylene and its conductive properties.
- Polydiacetylenes were also studied as an alternative to polyacetylene due to its stability, with potential applications in sensors, optical limiters and waveguides. Precise synthesis remains a challenge due to instability and potential for explosion.