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Sparse Embedded k-Means
Clustering
2018/01/21 マジ卍論文読み会
概要
l 背景
ü K-meansクラスタリングは、高次元データに対して計算コストが高い。
ü 先行研究では、Random ProjectionやSVDなどの線形次元削減による
手法を用いて計算コストの改善を行っているが、それでも、   程度
の計算コストが生じている。
l 本論文の手法
ü Random Projectionで用いる写像行列にスパース行列を採用して、
高速な行列演算を実行することで、計算コストを      に抑える。
l 結論
ü 本論文の手法は、先行研究の手法に比べて、十分なクラスタリング精度
を達成しつつ、計算時間を大幅に短縮している。
1
 
)(ndO
))(( XnnzO
k平均法の計算コスト削減を目的とした先行手法
l SVDやRandom Projectionを使用した、データ行列の次元削減
ü state-of-the-artなRPでも、      の計算量と (2+ε)の精度
2
 






)log(2
d
ndk
O

本手法の概要
l Sparse Embedded k-Means Clustering
ü RPの写像行列にスパース行列を採用することで、RPの計算量を    
     にする。
ü 埋め込み次元が           である場合、信頼度     
で、クラスタリングの最適解への近似精度が(1+ε)となる。
3
 
))
6
,
)/1log(
(max( 22

k
O )(1 O
))(( XnnzO
Sparse Embedding Algorithm
4
 
ランダム直交行列の作成 ))(( XnnzO
ε-Approximation Embedded Matrix
5
 
k-Means Clusteringの目的は
(1)式を満たす計画行列Dを得ること
ε-Approximation Embedded Matrix
6
 
元データXのクラスタリング精度に対して(1±ε)の誤差を持つような、
埋め込み後のデータ行列X^ を扱う
ε-Approximation Embedded Matrix
7
 
γとは、埋め込み後の
データ行列X^に対する
計画行列D^が、最適解D^*に
どの程度近いかを表す指標D^がX^に対する最適解(γ=1)であるならば、
D^はデータ行列Xに対して精度(1+ε)を保証する
ε-Approximation Embedded Matrix
l まとめると
ü ε近似解(2)式を満たすような次元削減後のデータ行列X^があり、
ü D^がX^に対する最適解である(γ=1)ならば、
ü D^はデータ行列Xに対して精度(1+ε)を保証する。
8
 
Sparse Embedding Matrix ≈ ε-Approximation Embedded Matrix
9
 
埋め込み次元の大きさに制約をかけることで、
ランダム直交行列R=(QΦ)'を使った埋め込み行列X^=XR'は、
1-O(δ)の確率で(2)式の条件を満たす。(証明は3章)
実験結果
10
 
・クラスタリング精度
・次元削減の計算時間

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Sparse embedded-k-means-clustering