In the 19th century, amateur astronomers William and Margaret Huggins used the newly-discovered science of spectroscopy to analyze the composition of distant star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies.
The document describes several astronomical objects in the constellation Andromeda, including:
- The spiral galaxy NGC 891 which is 30 million light years away and 120,000 light years in diameter.
- The elliptical galaxy NGC 404 which is 8 million light years away and was discovered by William Herschel in 1784.
- The open star cluster NGC 752 which is around 1000 light years away and 1 billion years old.
- The galaxy cluster Abell 262 which is 220 million light years away and contains several galaxies including NGC 703, 708, 705, and 704.
The document provides information on several astronomical objects including the Crab Nebula, Rich Globular Cluster M3, Velvet Cluster M46, Whirlpool Galaxy M51, Spiral Galaxy M65, Owl Nebula M97, and others. For each object, it gives the classification, location, distance, size, key discoverers and dates of discovery, and some additional details. The objects span a variety of types including supernova remnants, globular clusters, open clusters, spiral galaxies, and planetary nebulae.
Variable stars are stars whose brightness fluctuates over time. Mike Simonsen, a variable star observer, was interviewed on the radio show The Event Horizon to discuss his work observing and monitoring the brightness of variable stars. He explained how amateur astronomers can identify and track variable stars to help professional astronomers study stellar phenomena like pulsations and eclipses that cause stars to periodically brighten and dim.
How to start observations of variable stars with a webcamera. A short review of the characteristic constellations and methods which allow us to find stars suitable for amateur observations in the sky.
Cepheid variables are yellow supergiant stars over three times the mass of the Sun that pulse in brightness over periods of days. This pulsing can be used to measure their distance from Earth. By determining a Cepheid variable's period of brightness change, its absolute magnitude can be calculated. Combined with the observed apparent magnitude, the distance can then be derived using a simple formula. Edwin Hubble used Cepheid variables to show that the Andromeda nebula and other spiral clusters contained stars far beyond the Milky Way, proving they were independent galaxies rather than nebulae within our own.
Variable Star Research with Undergraduates Using Astropy (click images for li...mwcraig
Talk present at Pyhton in Astronomy 2016
Released under Creative Commons 4.0 Attribution International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The document describes several astronomical objects visible in the constellation Andromeda including the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), its satellite galaxy M110, two spiral galaxies (Caldwell 23, NGC 891), an open star cluster (NGC 752), and a galaxy cluster (Abell 262). Additional details are provided on the location, size, and year of discovery for each object.
The document describes several astronomical objects in the constellation Andromeda, including:
- The spiral galaxy NGC 891 which is 30 million light years away and 120,000 light years in diameter.
- The elliptical galaxy NGC 404 which is 8 million light years away and was discovered by William Herschel in 1784.
- The open star cluster NGC 752 which is around 1000 light years away and 1 billion years old.
- The galaxy cluster Abell 262 which is 220 million light years away and contains several galaxies including NGC 703, 708, 705, and 704.
The document provides information on several astronomical objects including the Crab Nebula, Rich Globular Cluster M3, Velvet Cluster M46, Whirlpool Galaxy M51, Spiral Galaxy M65, Owl Nebula M97, and others. For each object, it gives the classification, location, distance, size, key discoverers and dates of discovery, and some additional details. The objects span a variety of types including supernova remnants, globular clusters, open clusters, spiral galaxies, and planetary nebulae.
Variable stars are stars whose brightness fluctuates over time. Mike Simonsen, a variable star observer, was interviewed on the radio show The Event Horizon to discuss his work observing and monitoring the brightness of variable stars. He explained how amateur astronomers can identify and track variable stars to help professional astronomers study stellar phenomena like pulsations and eclipses that cause stars to periodically brighten and dim.
How to start observations of variable stars with a webcamera. A short review of the characteristic constellations and methods which allow us to find stars suitable for amateur observations in the sky.
Cepheid variables are yellow supergiant stars over three times the mass of the Sun that pulse in brightness over periods of days. This pulsing can be used to measure their distance from Earth. By determining a Cepheid variable's period of brightness change, its absolute magnitude can be calculated. Combined with the observed apparent magnitude, the distance can then be derived using a simple formula. Edwin Hubble used Cepheid variables to show that the Andromeda nebula and other spiral clusters contained stars far beyond the Milky Way, proving they were independent galaxies rather than nebulae within our own.
Variable Star Research with Undergraduates Using Astropy (click images for li...mwcraig
Talk present at Pyhton in Astronomy 2016
Released under Creative Commons 4.0 Attribution International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The document describes several astronomical objects visible in the constellation Andromeda including the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), its satellite galaxy M110, two spiral galaxies (Caldwell 23, NGC 891), an open star cluster (NGC 752), and a galaxy cluster (Abell 262). Additional details are provided on the location, size, and year of discovery for each object.
Caroline Herschel was born in Germany in 1750 and received little formal education. In 1772, her brother William brought her to England to work as his housekeeper. William became interested in astronomy and built telescopes, eventually discovering the planet Uranus in 1781. Caroline assisted William by recording his observations and later made her own discoveries, including 8 comets and several nebulae using a telescope he gave her. She created catalogs of deep sky objects to help astronomers and was the first woman to receive a salary for her astronomical work.
This document contains summaries of various astronomical objects in the constellation Lyra, including:
- Open star clusters NGC 6791 and Stephenson 1, their distances, diameters, and notable stars
- Individual stars like Vega, Epsilon Lyrae, T Lyrae, and Beta Lyrae
- Variable stars like RR Lyrae
- Globular cluster M56
- Galaxies NGC 6702 and NGC 6703
- Planetary nebulae NGC 6765 and PNG 064.9+15.5
- The Ring Nebula M57 and its distance, size, and composition.
This document lists the names and descriptions of various astronomical objects that were featured in missions showcased on Diva's Slooh Show. It includes nebulae like the Trifid Nebula, Rosette Nebula, Great Orion Nebula, and Lagoon Nebula. It also lists galaxies such as the Sombrero Galaxy, Face-on Spiral Galaxy M101, and Intergalactic Wanderer NGC 2419. Additionally, it mentions star clusters like M2 and M13, along with planets like Jupiter, Saturn, and the Moon. Many of the objects are rated on a difficulty scale of 1 to 2 HMs (High Magnifications).
The document provides descriptions of several astronomical objects visible in tonight's night sky tour, including star clusters M36, M38, and M35, the spiral galaxy IC 342, the open clusters NGC 2232 and M47, and the nebulae NGC 2264, NGC 2261, and NGC 3521. Brief details are given for each object's age, composition, and notable visual features.
The document discusses the sun and the solar cycle. It covers topics like sunspots, solar activity, magnetic fields, flares, coronal mass ejections, and how the sun's cycle impacts Earth. Images and links are provided on topics like the solar dynamo, meridional flow, sunspot numbers, the butterfly diagram, and predictions for solar cycle 24. The most recent solar cycle news is also summarized, including an unexpected return of the old cycle in 2008 and a coronal mass ejection from March 25th of that year.
Radio astronomy uses radio telescopes and receivers to capture radio waves emitted by astronomical objects like stars, galaxies, and nebulae. Radio telescopes work similarly to optical telescopes but detect radio waves rather than visible light. They capture radio emissions that can reveal information about phenomena like cold molecular clouds, strong magnetic fields, and relativistic electrons. Radio astronomy allows observation of regions that are obscured at optical wavelengths. Interferometry combines signals from multiple telescopes to achieve higher resolution. Common radio sources observed include galaxies, nebulae, stars, and active regions in our own and other galaxies.
The document discusses various deep sky objects including the Whirlpool Galaxy, Pinwheel Galaxy, Box Galaxy NGC4449, Butterfly Galaxies NGC4568, Edge-On Spiral Galaxy NGC4565, Ring Nebula M57, Gold Dust Cluster M37, Whale Galaxy NGC4631, Wild Duck Cluster M11, and provides tips for taking the best pictures with a Slooh telescope such as choosing the best scope, positioning the object higher in the sky, and understanding concepts like local sidereal time and the meridian line.
The document lists various astronomical objects in the constellation Cancer that were imaged by Ricky Ford and David Lee Donnell, including the open cluster M67, the galaxies NGC 2775 and NGC 2608, the planetary nebulae Abell 31 and EGB 5, the variable star V Cancri, and the Beehive Cluster M44. It provides images of these objects taken with different filters and cameras to showcase details.
David Levy is a name. No other information is provided about this person in the given document. The document consists of only the two words "David Levy" and does not provide any context about who this person is or what they have done.
Caroline Herschel was born in Germany in 1750 and received little formal education. In 1772, her brother William brought her to England to work as his housekeeper. William became interested in astronomy and built telescopes, eventually discovering the planet Uranus in 1781. Caroline assisted William by recording his observations and later made her own discoveries, including 8 comets and several nebulae using a telescope he gave her. She created catalogs of deep sky objects to help astronomers and was the first woman to receive a salary for her astronomical work.
This document contains summaries of various astronomical objects in the constellation Lyra, including:
- Open star clusters NGC 6791 and Stephenson 1, their distances, diameters, and notable stars
- Individual stars like Vega, Epsilon Lyrae, T Lyrae, and Beta Lyrae
- Variable stars like RR Lyrae
- Globular cluster M56
- Galaxies NGC 6702 and NGC 6703
- Planetary nebulae NGC 6765 and PNG 064.9+15.5
- The Ring Nebula M57 and its distance, size, and composition.
This document lists the names and descriptions of various astronomical objects that were featured in missions showcased on Diva's Slooh Show. It includes nebulae like the Trifid Nebula, Rosette Nebula, Great Orion Nebula, and Lagoon Nebula. It also lists galaxies such as the Sombrero Galaxy, Face-on Spiral Galaxy M101, and Intergalactic Wanderer NGC 2419. Additionally, it mentions star clusters like M2 and M13, along with planets like Jupiter, Saturn, and the Moon. Many of the objects are rated on a difficulty scale of 1 to 2 HMs (High Magnifications).
The document provides descriptions of several astronomical objects visible in tonight's night sky tour, including star clusters M36, M38, and M35, the spiral galaxy IC 342, the open clusters NGC 2232 and M47, and the nebulae NGC 2264, NGC 2261, and NGC 3521. Brief details are given for each object's age, composition, and notable visual features.
The document discusses the sun and the solar cycle. It covers topics like sunspots, solar activity, magnetic fields, flares, coronal mass ejections, and how the sun's cycle impacts Earth. Images and links are provided on topics like the solar dynamo, meridional flow, sunspot numbers, the butterfly diagram, and predictions for solar cycle 24. The most recent solar cycle news is also summarized, including an unexpected return of the old cycle in 2008 and a coronal mass ejection from March 25th of that year.
Radio astronomy uses radio telescopes and receivers to capture radio waves emitted by astronomical objects like stars, galaxies, and nebulae. Radio telescopes work similarly to optical telescopes but detect radio waves rather than visible light. They capture radio emissions that can reveal information about phenomena like cold molecular clouds, strong magnetic fields, and relativistic electrons. Radio astronomy allows observation of regions that are obscured at optical wavelengths. Interferometry combines signals from multiple telescopes to achieve higher resolution. Common radio sources observed include galaxies, nebulae, stars, and active regions in our own and other galaxies.
The document discusses various deep sky objects including the Whirlpool Galaxy, Pinwheel Galaxy, Box Galaxy NGC4449, Butterfly Galaxies NGC4568, Edge-On Spiral Galaxy NGC4565, Ring Nebula M57, Gold Dust Cluster M37, Whale Galaxy NGC4631, Wild Duck Cluster M11, and provides tips for taking the best pictures with a Slooh telescope such as choosing the best scope, positioning the object higher in the sky, and understanding concepts like local sidereal time and the meridian line.
The document lists various astronomical objects in the constellation Cancer that were imaged by Ricky Ford and David Lee Donnell, including the open cluster M67, the galaxies NGC 2775 and NGC 2608, the planetary nebulae Abell 31 and EGB 5, the variable star V Cancri, and the Beehive Cluster M44. It provides images of these objects taken with different filters and cameras to showcase details.
David Levy is a name. No other information is provided about this person in the given document. The document consists of only the two words "David Levy" and does not provide any context about who this person is or what they have done.
4. Sky Safari: Andromeda by Kochava Yerushalmit
Great Hercules Cluster (M13) – T1 hm
Globular cluster in
constellation Hercules
Distance: 25,000 LY
Size: about 120 LY
Age: about 12-14 billion
years
Contains about 600,000 solar
masses (probably around
100,000 very large stars)
Discovered by Edmond
Halley in 1714, and later
added to Messier’s list
5. Sky Safari: Andromeda by Kochava Yerushalmit
Sunflower Galaxy (M63) – T1 hm
Spiral galaxy in constellation
Canes Venatici
Distance: 30 million LY
Size: 100,000 LY
Contains about 140 billion
solar masses
Included by Lord Rosse in his
1850 list of 14 “nebulae” with
spiral structure
Discovered by Pierre
Mechain in 1779 - the first
object added by Mechain to
Messier’s list
6. Sky Safari: Andromeda by Kochava Yerushalmit
Cat’s Eye Nebula (NGC 6543) – T2 hm
Planetary nebula in
constellation Draco
Distance: 3000 LY
Central star is a Wolf-Rayet
star – a very hot star
(temperature around 100,000
K) in last stages of life,
ejecting mass at high speeds
(several thousand km/sec)
Complex structure includes
two expanding bubbles that
are perpendicular to each
other, surrounded by 9
spherical shells
Discovered by William
Herschel in 1786
7. Sky Safari: Andromeda by Kochava Yerushalmit
Mechain’s Galaxy (M106) – T2 hm
Barred spiral galaxy in
constellation Canes Venatici
Distance: 25 million LY
Size: 130,000 LY
“Active” galaxy with a central
black hole of 40 million solar
masses
Between the two visible arms
are two additional arms of hot
ionized gas, with no stars,
visible in x-rays
Discovered by Pierre
Mechain in 1781
8. Sky Safari: Andromeda by Kochava Yerushalmit
Spindle Galaxy (M102) – T2 hm
Lenticular galaxy in
constellation Draco
Distance: 50 million LY
Size: 90,000 LY
Lenticular galaxies have a
disk and central bulge like a
spiral, but no spiral arms; they
contain mostly old stars, with
little gas or dust
This galaxy was apparently
discovered by Pierre Mechain
in 1781; independently
discovered by William
Herschel in 1788
9. Sky Safari: Andromeda by Kochava Yerushalmit
Ghost of Jupiter (NGC 3242) – T2 hm
Planetary nebula in
constellation Hydra
Distance: around 2000 LY
Size: around 0.4 LY
Central star has a temperature
around 60,000 K and a mass
less than half of the sun
Discovered by William
Herschel in 1785
10. Sky Safari: Andromeda by Kochava Yerushalmit
Sky Safari – A Slooh Production by Kochava Yerushalmit