The document outlines 6 shifts for ELA/Literacy and 5 shifts for Mathematics that are important for education. For ELA/Literacy, the shifts include balancing literature and non-fiction, using literacy across subjects, using appropriately complex texts, asking text-dependent questions, writing to inform or argue using evidence, and focusing on academic vocabulary. For Mathematics, the shifts emphasize focusing intently on fewer topics, coherence in logical progression of concepts, fluency in skills, deep conceptual understanding, application of skills and concepts, and intensity of instruction.

1. ELA/ Literacy: 6 Shifts
1. Balance of literature and literary non-fiction (K-5)
2. Literacy as part of science and social studies/
history; informational text as part of ELA (6-12)
3. Appropriately complex text
4. Questions regarding text are text-dependent
5. Writing to inform or argue using evidence
6. Academic Vocabulary

2. Mathematics
• Focus, focus, focus!
• Coherence
• Fluency
• Deep Understanding
• Application
• Intensity!