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Генетика сексуального
поведения
Дарья Лосева
SEX.Prostir.Kharkiv, 18.12.2016
Может ли генетика определять
сексуальное поведение?
Гены рецепторы к вазопресину, окситоцина,
дофамина – определяют моно или полигамное
поведение у мышей
Полевки степовые (Prairie voles) - моногамные
Полевки луговые или горные (montane voles) -
полигамные
A, b –моногамные
C, d – полигамные полевки
Сексуальное поведение Drosophila
b. Sex pheromones in Drosophila melanogaster. 7-tricosene (7-T) is a male-predominant
hydrocarbon that acts as an aphrodisiac for females and anti-aphrodisiac for males (top). 7,11-
heptacosadiene (7,11-HD) is a female-predominant hydrocarbon that acts as an aphrodisiac for
D. melanogaster males and anti-aphrodisiac for males of other species (middle). Cis-vaccenyl
acetate (cVA) (bottom) is produced in the male accessory gland during copulation and is
transferred to the female, reducing her sexual attractiveness. c | Courtship songs are composed
of pulse songs and sine songs. The inter-pulse interval in pulse songs varies periodically, and
this provides females with a cue for species recognition. Sine songs have a general aphrodisiac
effect on females.
The fruitless gene mutation –
homosexuality behaviour in
Drosophila
Исследования на
близнецах показывают
большую конкордантность
в сексуальной ориентации
между однояйцевыми
близнецами
Исследования гипоталамуса
INAH-3 is the short form for the third interstitial nucleus of
the anterior hypothalamus, and is the sexually dimorphic
nucleus of humans. The INAH-3 is significantly larger in
males than females regardless of age and larger in
heterosexual males than in homosexual males and
heterosexual females.
Хвостатое ядро (caudate nucleus) и шкаралупа (Putamen) – дофаминергические подкорковые участки, что отвечают за позитивное
подкрепление, чувство удовлетворения, эйфорию
Островок (insula) и передняя часть Поясной извилины (anterior cingulate cortex) – отделы, что имеют отношение к сексуальному влечению
A (amygdala) - понижается возбуждение Мигдалины – отвечает за страх, тревожность, беспокойство и задней части pc (posterior cingulate
cortex) - Поясной извилины. Передняя часть поясной извилины отвечает за переживание счастливой любви и сексуального возбуждения,
тогда как задняя часть активизируется при переживании несчастной любви
tp - мезиальная префронтальная извилины; mt – (middle temporal cortex) - средняя височная кора; op – (occipitoparietal junction); tp -
temporal pole
Oxytocin Modulates Social
Distance between Males and
Females
Химия влечения
Тяготение Преданность
Phenethylamine (C8H11N)
Epinephrine (C9H13NO3)
Dopamine (C8H11NO2)
Serotonin (C10H12N2O)
Oxytocin (C43H66N12O12S2)
Vasopressin (C46H65N13O12S2)
Гены и
нейромедиаторы
Мозг и сексуальное влечение
• Лимбическая система
• Гипоталамус
• Нейротрасмитеры: Дофамин усиливает сексуальное возбуждение
• Серотонин угнетает сексуальное возбуждение
Лимбическая система и сексуальное
поведение
Сексуальные гормоны повышающие
влечение:
Тестостерон и для женщин и для мужчин
Количество тестостерона уменьшается с
возрастом
Гормональные контрацептивы, курение –
уменьшают сексуальное влечение
Менструальный
цикл
Генетический подбор
партнера
dariya.loseva@gmail.com
Вопросы и ответы

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SEX.Prostir.Kharkiv, Дарья Лосева, Генетика сексуального поведения