Seunsmith networks innovation computer training guide

Computer Training Guide For Beginners

Computer Training Guide
For Beginners
Microsoft XP

©Seunsmith Networks Innovation 2011

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This Computer Training Guide was written and complied by SEUN-SMITH
RICHARD ELIJAH.
And this copyright remains the property of Seunsmith Networks
Innovation.
Any alteration, editing, amending is prohibited without the permission of
the Author.

SEUNSMITH NETWORKS INNOVATION
In partnership with
Charisma ICT College
33, Olanrewaju Ariyibi Crescent, Opposite Odo-Eran (Governor Road)
Near Hotel Bus-Stop, KM 2 Lasu-Isheri Exp. Way, Lagos
+234(0)8031941024, +2348056769445, +2348095828440
seunsmithinnovation@yahoo.com
www.seunsmithnetworksinnovation.com
www.charisamictcollege.com

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PROFILE
My name is Seunsmith Richard Elijah, the CEO/Coordinator of Seunsmith Networks
Innovation, is an online business expert, trainer on computer related to desktop
publishing, computer networking. He is also a websites trainer, designer and
developer. It is my pleasures to congratulate you for being part of our potential
friends, clients, who have purchased our training guide.

Welcome to our Networks Innovation Center, in partnership with Charisma ICT
College. We engage in so many online businesses, coaching and training on
different level. Our aims and missions are to create and build successful individuals,
who will be financially independent and completely free from poor salary.

As we can see in our world today, there were lots of chaos and deception around
the globe: imagine the scandal of our government, yet nothing is been done to put
a halt to all their clandestine.

That is why we need to stand and fend for our need, with lots of initiatives
programmes and activities we can participate on. The step we take after reading
this newsletter will really determine how far our conviction will take us in life.
Remember, any decision we take now, will affect the reality of where we are going
in life. Don’t be deceived by unseen mirage, let take a bold step today and secure
our future.

Our beautiful future begins now, don’t delay another second. This information is
designed just for us at this time to recreate and build magnificent life we desire.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Glory be to Almighty God for His power of impaction and out pouring unction for
making this Computer Training Guide possible and reality.

Appreciation also goes to the Seunsmith Networks Innovation and Charisma ICT
College, for their supports.

To my beloved friends from Tanzania Miss. Ngasa Glory Sammy, thank you so
much, for your financial support, loves and cares. I love you so much.

To my siblings Temitope Timothy Adeyelu and Bunmi Teniola Adeyelu, they are my
beautiful family; they really contribute immeasurable effort to my dream. I am
grateful to God for having them in my world.

Many thanks to my beloved Parent, Chief Olanrewaju & Yeye Titilayo Roseline
Ariyibi who have play important roles in my journey.

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DEDICATION

I dedicate this to Almighty God: whose Power and Mighty Spirit has worked its
accomplishment in this book.

I also dedicate this to My Beloved Angel, Glory Ngasa Sammy from Tanzania,
whose support has no equal.

Also to my Late Father, Evan. Samuel Adeyelu, A.k.a. S G

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section One:

Topic One: Generation of Computers: …..................................... 10
• First Generation: ….......................................... 11
• Second Generation: ….................................... 12
• Third Generation: …....................................... 12
• fourth Generation: …....................................... 13
• Fifth Generation: ….................................... …..14
Topic Two: What is Compute: ….................................................15
• Definition of Computer: …............................... .15
• Types of Computer: ….................................... .16
• Digital Computer: …...................................... .16
• Analogue Computer: …................................. 16
• Hybrid Computer: …...................................... 17
• Mainframe Computer: …................................ .17
• Super Computer: ….........................................18
• Mini Computer: …...........................................18
• Micro Computer: ….........................................19
• Desktop Computer: …......................................19
• Laptop Computer: ….......................................20
• Palmtop Computer: ….....................................20
Topic Three: Computer Terminologies: ….......................................21
• Central Processing Unit: …................................21
• Visual Display Unit (Monitor): ….........................21
• Keyboard: …................................................. 21
• Mouse: …......................................................23
• Printer: ….................................................... ..23
• Speaker: …................................................ ..24
• Modem: …................................................ ..24
Topic Four: Getting Started: …................................................... 25
• My Document: …....................................... 26
• My Computer: …....................................... 27
• My Network Places: …................................ 29
Topic Five: All Programs: …....................................................... 33
• Notepad: ….............................................. 33
• Wordpad: …............................................. 34
• Paint: …....................................................... 35
Topic Six: Application, Folder and File: ….................................. 38
• Description Of Application: …....................... .. 38
• Description of Folder: …................................. 38
• Description of File: ….................................... 38
Topic Seven: Shut Down: …............................................ …........ 39

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MODULES
This training Guide comprises Two main section follow by an Appendix:

1. Understanding a Computer – In which you will learn the basic structure of a
computer, how it works, and how to set it up to suit your needs.

2. Word processing using Microsoft Office Package – In which you will learn
how to use Microsoft word, excel, power point, access and publisher.

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INTRODUCTION
World is growing, moving with high speed and sophisticated computer!
Computer has remained the efficient instrument and one of the reliable resources to
speed and organized human task. In today world computer has been rated as one
of the creative force around the world. Computer has been able to manage human
skills and ability within and outside his sphere of contact.

Computer has really translated and expands lots of Local Business into International
Icon-Business. Computer has also play major and large roles in the communities.

As we know, technology is growing beyond the limit with relentless to foster more in
helping and assisting human communications around the globe. Today, almost
everything has been computerized to suit the needs and give free access to other
resources around us. Perhaps, the necessity of technology accomplishment has
programmed absolute freedom to human intelligence.

Today, Seunsmith Networks Innovation in its quest, want to build new platform for
more opportunities and initiatives to help its society and human development
capacity to achieve more freedom and stress-free environment.

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SECTION ONE
Objectives:
On completing this section, you will be able to:

 Understand the meaning of a computer

 Classification of a Computers

 Computer Terminologies

 Start Button

 All Programmes

 Turn off a computer

Topics:

1. Generation of Computers

2. Meaning of Computer (Definition)

3. Type of Computer

4. Computer terminology

5. Getting Started

6. All Programmes

7 Application, Folders and Files
.

8. Shutdown

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Topic One
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS
The first generation computers used vacuum tubes. They were very large in size and
programming on them was very difficult. Some of the computers of this generation
are as follows:-
· MARK – I :
This was the first electronic computer developed by Howard Aiken. It was
about 15metres long and the wires connecting the various parts of the machine
were about 800 Km long. The main advantage of this computer was that it was
fully automatic and much more reliable than other electronic computers.

· ENIAC :
This was the first fully electronic digital computer developed by J.Presper Eckert
and John Mauchly. The full form of ENIAC is Electronic Numerical Integrator
And Computer. It contained approximately 17,500 vacuum tubes, occupied
680sq.ft area and weighted more than 27000Kg. Since ENIAC was initially
not a stored program machine, it had to be programmed by manual rewiring
for each task.

Picture 1.1

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· EDVAC :
EDVAC was also developed by the makers of ENIAC. It was a stored program
machine unlike its predecessor. The full form of EDVAC is Electronic Discrete
Variable Automatic Computer.

Picture 1.2

• UNIVAC I :
UNIVAC was the first commercially available electronic computer developed
by J.Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. It was also the first computer to handle
both numeric and text data. The full form of UNIVAC is Universal Automatic
Computer

Picture 1.3
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Limitations of first-generation computers
· The major limitations of first generation computers were :
· The operating speed was very low.
· Power consumption was very high.
· They required large space for installation.
· The Programming capability was quite low.
· Quit larger, they generate lot of heat require special housing.
· The Medium internal store.

Second Generation Computers (1956-1963)
The invention of Transistors marked the start of the second generation. These
transistors took place of the vacuum tubes used in the first generation computers.
First large scale machines were made using these technologies to meet the
requirements of atomic energy laboratories. One of the other benefits to the
programming group was that the second generation replaced Machine language
with the assembly language. Even though complex in itself Assembly language was
much easier than the binary code.
These generations are categorized by their technology as follows:
• ICT(ICL) 1300,
• IBM 1401
Limitations of second-generation computers were :
 They used transistors as their main component.
 They were smaller, faster and more efficient than first-generation
computers.
 They also contained all the components we associate with modern-day
computers like printer, memory, disk storage, operating system.
 They are cheaper than the first generation computers.
 Maintenance requirement is still high.
 Very costly.

Third Generation Computers (1964-1971)
Although transistors were great deal of improvement over the vacuum tubes, they
generated heat and damaged the sensitive areas of the computer. The Integrate

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Circuit(IC) was invented in 1958 by Jack Kirby. It combined electronic components
onto a small silicon disc, made from quartz. More advancement made possible the
fittings of even more components on a small chip or a semi conductor. Also in third
generation computers, the operating systems allowed the machines to run many
different applications. These applications were monitored and coordinated by the
computer's memory.
These generations are categorized by their technology as follows:
• IBM-360 series,
• ICL – 1900,
• ICL – 2903,
• PDP – 11/45

Limitations of third-generation computers were :
· They used Integrated Circuits, popularly known as chips.
· These computers were smaller than the second-generation computers.
· Capacities of main memory were greatly enlarged.
· They used an operating system that allowed machines to run many
different programs simultaneously.
· Power requirement became less.
· Maintenance of IC required sophisticated technology.

Fourth Generation (1971-Present)
Fourth Generation computers are the modern day computers. The Size started to go
down with the improvement in the integrated circuits. Very Large Scale(VLSI) and
Ultra Large scale(ULSI) ensured that millions of components could be fit into a small
chip. It reduced the size and price of the computers at the same time increasing
power, efficiency and reliability. "The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, took the
integrated circuit one step further by locating all the components of a computer
(central processing unit, memory, and input and output controls) on a minuscule
chip."

Due to the reduction of cost and the availability of the computers power at a small
place allowed everyday user to benefit. First came the minicomputers, which
offered users different applications, most famous of these the word processors and
spreadsheets, which could be used by non-technical users. Video game systems like
Atari 2600 generated the interest of general populace in the computers.
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In 1981, IBM introduced personal computers for home and office use. "The number
of personal computers in use more than doubled from 2 million in 1981 to 5.5 million
in 1982. Ten years later, 65 million PCs were being used." Computer size kept
getting reduced during the years. It went down from Desktop to laptops to Palmtops.
Macintosh introduced Graphic User Interface in which the users didn’t' have to type
instructions but could use Mouse for the purpose.

The continued improvement allowed the networking of computers for the sharing of
data. Local Area Networks(LAN) and Wide Area Network(WAN), were potential
benefits, in that they could be implemented in corporations and everybody could
share data over it. Soon the internet and World Wide Web appeared on the
computer scene and formatted the Hi-Tech revolution of 90's.

Limitations of fourth-generation computers were :
· They used Large –scale Integrated Circuits and Very Large –scale
Integrated Circuits (VLSIC).
· They have very high computing power and extremely large memories than
earlier computers.
· Storage devices have greatly improved and cost is less.
· Computers can be linked together to share memory space, software,
information and communicate with each other.
· Manufacture of LSI chips required sophisticated technology.

Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond)
Fifth generations computers are only in the minds of advance research scientists and
being tested out in the laboratories. These computers will be under Artificial
Intelligence(AI), They will be able to take commands in a audio visual way and
carry out instructions. Many of the operations which requires low human intelligence
will be performed by these computers.

Parallel Processing is coming and showing the possibility that the power of many
CPU's can be used side by side, and computers will be more powerful than those
under central processing. Advances in Super Conductor technology will greatly
improve the speed of information traffic. Future looks bright for the computers.

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Topic Two

WHAT IS A COMPUTER

Computer can be defined as wholly electronic device or machine which process
data supplied through any available input device such as keyboard etc into
information, which can be stored in the CPU memory, and also retrieve it with output
devices such as, printer, disk i.e. CD/DVD recordable, thumb drive (Flash drive).

On the other hand, it can also be defined as an electronic device that has the
capability to accept data, store them execute a series of commands (Program),
execute mathematical, logical operations on data given by the user and give
information in the forms of an output. The output may be made obtainable either on
the computer monitor or can be printed on a paper.
Thus, computer is an electronic programmable device; it receives input from the
client, stores and manipulates information. It provides output in a useful drawing. It
can execute both mathematical and logical operations on the data given by the
user.

Note:
• Wholly Electronic Device:- This can described as machine or device which
performs logical and other calculating function.

• Process Data:- This process data supplied by the users, and data is a
set of row unprocessed facts, figures and symbols.
Computers process data to build information.
• Input Devices:- This input device is used for performing input of texts
and other function with the availability of keyboard.
However, there are other devices that can also play
the role such disk, flash etc.
• Memory:- This is described as the brain box of the the system,
where information are stored.
• Output Device:- This output devices are tools used to retrieve
information saved on the memory for other purpose.
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TYPES OF COMPUTE
There are different types of computer nowadays. These computers perform their
variety purpose. Here we shall be looking at the classification of these computers.

1. Digital Computer

2. Analogue Computer

3. Hybrid Computer

4. Mainframe Computer

5. Super Computer

6. Mini Computer

7 Micro Computer
.

a. Desktop Computer

b. Laptop Computer

c. Palmtop Computer

Digital Computer
A distinctive feature of a digital computer is that it computers by counting and
adding operations. Digital computers are much faster than analog computers.

Picture 1.2.1

Analogue Computer
An analog computer computes by measuring changes in a continuous physical
phenomenon such as electronic voltage, length, current, temperature, etc. The

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devices that measure such quantities are analog. The advantages of analog
computer are that all the calculation takes place in parallel and hence these are
faster but their accuracy is poor.

Picture 1.2.2

Hybrid Computer
The hybrid computer uses both the analog and digital components. These
computers use digital memory for the storage and analog devices for computational
purpose.

Picture 1.2.3

Mainframe Computer
These computers have high storage capacity. They process large amount of data
at high speed. They are used in large companies, government departments, etc., as
their main computer server. These computers need low temperature and special dust
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free rooms. Numerous computers are connected with this computer. All the data of
these computers are stored in it. These are faster and more sufficient than Minis and
have a much large storage capacity. Examples are the IBM System /370 and IBM
4300 Series.

Picture 1.2.4

Super Computer
The storage capacity of super computers is much more than micro, mini and main
frame computers. Super Computers are the fastest of all and can process huge
amount of data within a few seconds. They are used for handling complicated
applications such designing the supersonic aircraft, weather forecast, etc. India has
developed a super computer called PARAM. They are most powerful and most
efficient too. They are designed to process complex scientific applications. They
have the computing capacity of approximately 40000000 IBM PCs. Some
examples are CARY-2, ETA-10, CARY X-MP .

Picture 1.2.5

Mini Computer
These computers are more powerful than micro Computers and can support more
than one user at a time. They have larger storage capacity. These computers are

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used for variety of application. This machine is another advancement over the PC-
AT. Here you can have a maximum of a few hundreds of dumb terminals attached to
the same CPU. Processing speed is also many times faster. One example is the IBM
9375. Microprocessor used is INTEL 80286 or 80386.

Picture 1.2.6

Micro Computer
There are different types of Micro Computer, such as
1. Desktop Computer 2. Laptop Computer 3. Palmtop

Desktop Computer
These computers are popularly called PCs (Personal Computers). Compared to
others, this is the smallest type. Inside it there is a single microprocessor, which
functions like a CPU. These computers have low storage capacity therefore used as
personal computers. It is a single user system. That is only one person can use it at a
time.

Picture 1.2.7
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Desktop Computer Diagram

Picture 1.2.8

Laptop Computer
Laptop Computer or Notebook Computer is smaller and lighter in weight than
desktop Computer. This type of computer is easy to carry and when used can set on
the lap. That is why it is called Laptop Computers. It runs on a battery. Picture
1.2.9

Palmtop Computer
Palmtop is smaller than Laptop Computer. It is made in such a way that it can be
used by placing it on the hand. Palmtop is so small in size that we can keep it in a
pocket. It runs on battery.
Picture 1.2.10

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TOPIC Three

COMPUTER TERMINOLOGY

In the past few years, computers have come down in price considerably and are
now very affordable. Most people prefer to buy a PC for the home, though if space
is at a premium and portability is important then you might prefer to buy a notebook
(often called a laptop) computer. Both a PC and a notebook perform the same
functions and have more or less the same features. It’s just that the notebook is more
compact and is easily transportable for people on the move.

1. CPU
This is described as central processing unit. It’s usually in the form of a tower,
often called the ‘box’ or flat box, usually in horizontal stand. This performs
logical and arithmetical operations though in some office environments you’ll
sometimes see the box lying horizontally on the desk with the monitor placed
on top. Inside the box lies all the computing power, with its micro-circuitry and
tiny chips which can store vast amounts of information. If you’re the type of
person who likes pulling cars apart, then you’ll probably be interested in
what’s inside the box.

2. MONITOR
The term "monitor" is often used synonymously with "computer screen" or
"display." The monitor displays the computer's user interface and open
programs, allowing the user to interact with the computer, typically using the
keyboard and mouse.
Older computer monitors were built using cathode ray tubes (CRTs), which
made them rather heavy and caused them to take up a lot of desk space.
Most modern monitors are built using LCD technology and are commonly
referred to as flat screen displays. These thin monitors take up much less space
than the older CRT displays. This means people with LCD monitors have more
desk space to clutter up with stacks of papers, pens, and other objects.

3. KEYBOARD
The keyboard is an input device designed to enter text, characters and other
commands into the computer.
The keyboard can be described as the primary device for inputting
information such as texts: alphabets, numbers, symbols, and other signs, to the
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computer. It operates by converting key presses to electronic signals in binary
digital form. The typical computer keyboard has the standard character keys
found on a typewriter together with a number of special keys described below:

Keyboard Diagram

Picture 1.3.1

* Function keys: This contain F1 to F12 in numbers, positioned above the
character keys, which can be programmed by the user or by the software
being run, so that a single key depression sends a command or string of
commands to the computer.

* The CTRL and ALT keys: (the full name is Control and Alternate), which are
always used in conjunction with other keys to issue commands to the
computer.

* The Backspace key, which delete the character to the immediate left of the
cursor on the screen.

* The four arrow keys, which move the cursor one character position in the
direction of the arrow.
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* The PageUp and PageDown keys: This buttons are for programmed to move
the cursor one page up or down i.e. the cursor will appear at the beginning of
the message on the file page means the page up. And cursor disappear to the
end part of the message on the file page means the page down.

* The Home key, which may be programmed to move the cursor to the left of
the screen or the beginning of the document.

* The End key: which may be programmed to move the cursor to the right of the
screen or the end of the document.

* The Esc key: which is often programmed to enable you to escape from your
currently selected option or task.

4. MOUSE:
This can be described as a hand-held device used for perform some special
task in the keyboard options. The mouse operate with three button, such as
right and left button, and center scroll. However, mouse are varies in shapes,
sizes and function. Some come with two button, while some come with three.
• It is much easier to use than the keyboard for the following operations.
• Pointing, that is, moving rapidly from one point to another in a word-
processed document, file of records r table of data.
• Drawing, that is, creating lines and other shapes on the screen

Mouse Diagram

Picture 1.3.2
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5. PRINTER:
This is an output device used in printing document out of the CPU memory. It
can also be described as output device which is used to produce hard-copy.
However, there are different types of printers which performs different
function, such as printer that printer only picture and graphic designed on the
system. Some printers can only handle text whereas others can handle text
and graphics.

6. SPEAKER:
Speakers can be described as the small device plug into a computer system
which is used for hearing and listening to the sounds of different types inside
the computer. Speaker are mostly output devices, but few of the CPU has the
built speakers.

7. MODEM:
A modem is a device that allows a computer to communicate with the Internet
and fax machines. There are several types of modems that serve different
purposes.
Dial-Up Modem
This is the most basic modem. It operates at up to 5 kilobytes per second and
uses your phone line. You can send and receive faxes with this type of
modem.
DSL Modem
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) modem operates at up to 8 megabits per second.
It sits between your computer and a phone line. It can be connected to a
router so that other computers on your local network can access it.
Cable Modem
Cable modem connects to your cable provider's network instead of a phone
line. It has the same basic properties as a DSL modem.
Modem Cards
A laptop has external slots that can contain wired or wireless modems.
Wireless modems may use Wi-Fi or a cell phone network
Internal High-Speed Modem
High-speed modems are typically external boxes, but you can find them in
the internal variety for desktop computers. They usually use a PCI Express slot
on the motherboard.

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Topic Four
GETTING STARTED
Here, we will be looking at various ways and the functionality of the system. How
we can get started with the system as a new user of the computer system. As we all
know that, computer has lots varieties of tasks and functions its plays.
However, there are many programmes you need to be familiar on this topic,
because in the section two, we will make use of those programmes mention in this
topic.
To get started, there following rules to this level, and you need to be aware of these
things.

Start Menu Diagram 1.4.1

The above diagram 1.4.1 shows the START MENU, which contains two wings; the
Right Wing and Left Wing.
The Right Wings contains the My Documents, My Recent Documents, My Pictures,
My Music, My Computer, My Networks Place, Control Panel, Printers and Faxes,
Help and Support, Search and Run.

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While the Left Wing contains the First partition Icon such as Internet Explorer, Email
(Outlook Express) and the second partition Icon Paint, WordPad, Window Media
Player, MSN explorer etc.

MY DOCUMENT
Is a Microsoft Windows folder that stores document, program settings, and other
files that are used with many of the programs run on the computer. For example,
when saving a file in Microsoft Word the default folder will often be My Documents.
Saving all the personal files into the My Documents folder makes backing up and
locating your personal files easier.

My Document Diagram 1.4.2

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The below diagram 1.4.3 shows the My Document, which contains common Files
inside the folders such as the My Picture, My Music, Download, and other resources
saved by the users of the computer system.

Folders Inside My Documents 1.4.3

MY COMPUTER
This is mostly described as the drives home such as local disk, floppy disk, CD/DVD
drive and other external drive like thumb etc. My Computer contains system
functioning programs and helps in accessing information saved on the system
27


memory, transfer data (information) stored on the system to the various external
drive connected to any of the available drives.

Location My Computer:
My Computer Icon can be located left top on the system screen called desktop, and
Start Menu on the right wing.
My Computer on Start Menu Diagram 1.4.4

Desktop Computer Logo Diagram 1.4.5

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Using My Computer
Once My Computer is open you'll see all available drives on your computer. For
most users, you'll only be concerned with the Local Disc (C:) drive, which is the hard
drive and what stores all your files. Double-click this drive icon to open it and view
of its contents.
Tip: If you're looking for a document such as a word processor file you've created,
music file, picture, or other personal file it's likely that it's contained in your
documents folder. This folder is displayed in My computer as a folder and usually
contains your name. For example, if your username was John, this folder would be
named John's Documents.
Finding files in My Computer
If you're having trouble finding where one of your files is stored, use the Windows
find feature to find the file. To do this from within My Computer either click on File
and then Search or right-click on the C: drive or other folder you wish to search and
click Search.
In the Search window, type the name or part of the name of the file you're trying to
find.
Adjust system settings with your computer
If you wish to manage your computer or view other settings and information about
your computer instead of double-clicking the My Computer icon to open it, right-
click on the My Computer icon and click Properties. Performing these steps will open
your System Properties (the same window accessible through the Control Panel

The Control Panel is a feature of the Windows operating system that allows the user
to modify system settings and controls. It includes several small applications, or
control panels, that can be used to view and change hardware or software settings.
Some examples of hardware control panels are Display, Keyboard, and Mouse
settings. Software control panels include Date and Time, Power Options, Fonts, and
Administrative Tools.

MY NETWORK PLACES
My Network Places displays shortcuts to shared computers, printers, and other
resources on the network. The shortcuts are created automatically in My Network
Places whenever you open a shared network resource, such as a printer or shared
folder.
29


The My Network Places folder also contains hyperlinks to tasks and locations on
your computer. These links can help you view your network connections, add
shortcuts to network places, and view computers in your network domain or in your
workgroup.
Click the Add a network place task to start the Add Network Place Wizard. This
wizard helps you to create new shortcuts to shared folders and resources on your
network, Web, and FTP servers. If you don't have folders on a Web server already,
the Add Network Place Wizard will help you create a new folder for storing your
files online.
You can view, manage, move, copy, save, and rename the files and folders you
have stored on a Web server just as you would files and folders stored on your
computer. When you view the contents of a folder that is stored on the Web, the
folder's Internet address is displayed in the Address bar.

Open My Network Places
Note
• To open My Network Places, click Start, and then click My Computer. Under
Other Places, click My Network Places.
• The View workgroup computers task is displayed in My Network Places when
your computer is in a workgroup and not in a domain. Double-click this icon
to narrow your search to only those computers, printers, and resources that
share a workgroup with your computer.
• If your computer is connected to a workgroup that has less than 32 computers,
Windows will automatically create shortcuts in My Network Places to the
shared resources in your workgroup.

WHAT IS ASERVER:
Server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other (client)
computers over a local network or the Internet.
Servers typically are configured with additional processing, memory and storage
capacity to handle the load of servicing clients. Common types of network servers
include:
• Web servers
• Proxy servers
• FTP servers
• Online game servers
30


Server Diagram 1.4.6

CONCEPTS ON NETWORKING
Local Area Network (LAN)
LAN is a communications network serving multiple users within a confined
geographical area (as in the same building or group of adjacent buildings). It
usually refers to the interconnection of personal computers (usually called
workstations). Shared data is stored in a high performance PC called a file server,
which serves as a remote disk drive to all network users. Users may also share
printers, modems and other peripheral devices. All these computers and devices are
connected to a network backbone.

Local Area Network (LAN) Diagram 1.4.7

31


Wide Area Network (WAN)
Several LANs can be linked together so that computers in one LAN can exchange
data with computers in another LAN. Such inter-network is usually called Wide
Area Network (WAN). An example of a WAN can be an education group wishing
to connect all its schools over a wide area by one network. To do so, each schools'
LAN are interconnected via dedicated lines offered by the telecommunication
company

Wide Area Network (WAN) Diagram 1.4.8

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Topic Five
ALL PROGRAMS
At this point, the student is required to pay more attention to details on this topic,
here is the place users are mostly get started with all programs of the computer
system. Any application, such as Notepad, Wordpad, Paint etc looking for, are
insides the All Programs.
However, we will be looking at these following applications: Notepad; Wordpad;
Paint in details, and the usage of each.

Meaning of Notepad
Notepad is a basic text editor that is embedded in Microsoft Windows. A notepad
is a number of sheets of paper that are glued or stapled together on one edge. They
are used for writing letters or the interim recording of information.

Notepad Diagram 1.5.1

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Meaning of Wordpad
Is a basic word processor that is included with almost all versions of Microsoft
Windows from Windows 95 onwards. It is more advanced than Notepad but
simpler than Microsoft Works Word Processor and Microsoft Word. It replaced
Microsoft Write.

Features
WordPad can format and print text, but lacks intermediate features such as a spell
checker, thesaurus, and support for tables. As such, it is suitable for writing letters or
short pieces, but underpowered for work that relies heavily on graphics or
typesetting.
WordPad natively supports the Rich Text Format, though it does not support all the
features defined in the RTF/Word 2007 specification. Previous versions of WordPad
also supported the "Word for Windows 6.0" format, which is forward compatible
with the Microsoft Word format

Wordpad Diagram 1.5.2

Meaning of Paint
Paint is a simple picture-editing program which usually comes with Windows. It
does not have any advanced features but it is probably all you will need. Pictures
that are drawn or edited by Paint are called bitmaps. This means they are stored as

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a grid of small dots, called pixels. Most pictures contain tens of thousands of pixels,
and Paint needs to store the colour of all of them.
Paint Diagram 1.5.3

Paint Tools Diagram 1.5.4

1. Paint tools
The paint tool looks like a paintbrush, and is the fourth icon on the right. Click on it
and you will see a variety of shapes appear underneath the tools. Choose one of
them and a colour from the palette at the bottom. Now click and drag on the main
white area.
A few other tools work in a similar way. Next to the paintbrush there is a pencil, and
you use this to draw a thin line instead of a thick one.
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2. Text tool
This allows you to write on your picture. Click on the text tool (the "A") and drag out
a large area on the picture. Type some writing. You can of course change the font,
size and attributes of the writing using the new window that has appeared. If no
new window appears, right click on the text area and click on "Text toolbar".

3. Selection tools
These are the two buttons at the top, one being star shaped and the other
rectangular. These allow you to select areas of the picture.
Click on one of the two tools and drag out an area, over some of the existing
drawing. You will see that a dotted rectangle appears. This rectangle represents the
selected area of the picture. Try pressing delete - it will disappear. If you like, you
can undo this using "Edit", "Undo". You can do the following things to a selected
area of picture:
• Cut or copy it to the clipboard, using the Edit menu.
• Move it around. Simply click in the middle somewhere and drag.
• Stretch it. Use the small blocks on the sides of the rectangle for this.
• Stretch, skew, rotate, or invert the colours. This can be done using the
"Image" menu. If no area of the picture is selected, the commands apply to
the whole picture.

4. Fill tool
This is the paint can under the rectangular select tool. Use this to fill an area of
colour a different colour. Be careful - if you draw an outline of a shape and try to fill
it, any gap in the outline will cause the fill to "leak" and cover the entire picture.
Also, if an area has text on, the holes in the text (e.g. in the "O") will not be filled.
You have to fill them all individually.

5. Pipette tool
This has the simple purpose of choosing a colour from an image. Click on this tool
and then click somewhere on the picture. The tool will change to the tool you were
using last, and the colour will change to the one you were pointing to.

36


6.Changing picture size
Click on "Image", then on "Stretch/Skew..." and a new window will appear, into
which you can type the new width and height, as a percentage of the current size.
You can also skew the image using this window.
If you want to start a new picture which is a different size to the current one, click on
"Image" then on "Attributes...". You can change the width and height here, and do
not have to work it out as a percentage.

37


Topic Six
APPLICATION, FOLDER, FILES
Picture 1.6.1

Picture 1.6.2

The Diagram 1.6.1, this contain Folders and Files/application and other related
programs inside the folders.

The Diagram 1.6.2, are applications used on the internet. Get the full information on
our next edition (Session) Enroll for this session get the details.

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Topic Seven
SHUT DOWN
To shut down the computer when you have finished, do the following:

1. Click Start
2. Click Turn Off Computer or Shut Down
3. Choose Turn Off from the three options

The box will switch itself off automatically but you should also remember to turn off
the power to the monitor, the speakers and any other device, such as the modem,
attached to the computer.

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SECTION TWO
Objectives:
On the completion this section, you will be able to:

1. How to make you of Wordpad, Notepad, and Paint

2. Understand the Different types of Microsoft Office Package

a. Microsoft Word
b. Microsoft Excel
c. Microsoft Power Point
Topics:

1. Getting Started with word press ………………………………….……..

2. Meaning of Microsoft Word …............................

4. How to create, use and save word

5. Creation of Folder/Document

6. Types of storage facilities

7. Retrieve and Print Document/Files

8. Getting Started with Excel spreadsheets

9. Meaning of Microsoft Excel

10. How to create, use and save Excel

11. Getting Started with Power Point

12. Meaning of Microsoft Power Point

13. Usage of Power Point

14. How to create Power Point

40

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