This document discusses different methods of sampling used in research. It describes random sampling methods like simple random sampling using lottery or random number tables, stratified random sampling which divides the population into layers and samples from each, and systematic random sampling which selects items at regular intervals. Non-random sampling methods include judgement, convenience, and quota sampling which select items non-randomly based on researcher judgement or quotas. The key points are that random sampling gives each item an equal chance while non-random sampling does not, and random sampling can be simple, restricted to subgroups, or multi-stage.

1. METHODS OF
SAMPLING
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2. MEANING OF SAMPLING
SAMPLING IS THE PROCESS OF SELECTING A
PART OF POPULATION. A SAMPLE SHOULD BE A
TRUE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE WHOLE
POPULATION.

3. Methods of
sampling
Random
sampling
Simple
random
sampling
Or
Unrestricted
sampling
Lottery method
Table of
random
numbers
Restricted
random
sampling
Stratified
random
sampling
Systematic
random
sampling
Multi-stage or
luster sampling
Non-random
sampling
Judgement
sampling
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling

4. METHODS OF SAMPLING
Under random sampling every elements of the
population enjoys equal chance of being selected, while
under non-random sampling, the elements constituting
the sample are selected on some basis and not all
elements will have equal chance of getting selected.

5. TYPE OF RANDOM OR
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
Random sampling or a probability sampling can be
classified into two types :
a) Simple or unrestricted random sampling
b) Restricted random sampling.

6. SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
A sample selected so that each item or person in the
population has the same chance of being included.

7. TYPES OF SIMPLE
RANDOM SAMPLING
 Lottery method
 Table of random method

8. LOTTERY METHOD
In this method, all the items in the population are
given numbers and these are written on chits of
uniform size. Then, these chits are placed in a
bowl or a bag and the required number of chits
are selected.
*Lottery method with replacement.
*Lottery method without replacement.

9. LOTTERY METHOD EXAMPLE

10. TABLE OF RANDOM
NUMBERS
In this method, first the size of sample is determined. Then
using random numbers table, the required number of items is
selected to form the sample. Different random number tables
are available. In these tables, random numbers are printed in
columns and rows. Random number tables are available with
two digits, three digits and more number of digits.

11. RESTRICTED RANDOM
SAMPLING
In this method, a specific principle or basis is
followed while selecting the sample elements. There
are three different methods of restricted random
sampling.
1.Stratified random sampling.
2.Systematic random sampling.
3.Multi-stage or cluster sampling

12. STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING
Stratum means a layer. Population from which samples are to
be selected may contain a number of layers. From each layer a
few samples are selected. That is why this method is called
stratified random sampling.
* Proportionate stratified random sampling.
* Disproportionate stratified random sampling.

13. EXAMPLE

14. SYSTEMATIC RANDOM
SAMPLING
In this method , the sample is formed by selecting the first
unit at random and then selecting the remaining items at
evenly spaced interval

15. MULTI-STAGE OR CLUSTER
SAMPLING
As the name of the sampling method suggest, the samples
are selected at different stages . In this method , the
population is first divided into different stages. Then from
the first stage, a few items are selected at random based on
specific features or characteristics . From these, in the
second stage, a few elements are selected at random
possessing the characteristics, from which ,in the third
stage a few items are selected at random satisfying the
characteristics, and so on , to finally make the necessary
selection of samples. All the samples selected at random at
different stages will possess the common characteristics or
will be homogeneous on some basis

16. Cluster sampling example

17. NON-RANDOM SAMPLING
A sample in which the selection of units is based on the
factors other than random. The process of selecting a sample
from the population without using probability theory is called
as non- random sampling. Non-random sampling is also called
as non-probability sampling.

18.  Judgement sampling
 Convenience sampling
 Quota sampling

19. JUDGEMENT SAMPLING
In this method , the sample selection is purely based
on the judgement of the investigator or the
research.

20. CONVENIENCE
SAMPLING
This method of sampling involes selecting the sample elements
using some convenient method without going through rigour
of smpling method. The researcher mey make use of any
convenient base to select the reduired number of samples.

21. QUOTA SAMPLING
In this method, the smple size is determined first
and then quota is fixed for various categories of the
population.