This document discusses rural development in India. It covers several topics: 1. Rural development aims to improve all aspects of life in rural areas, including agriculture, human resources, infrastructure, poverty alleviation, and local resources. 2. Rural credit comes from both institutional sources like cooperative credit societies and commercial banks, as well as non-institutional sources like moneylenders and traders. 3. Agriculture marketing involves assembling, storing, processing, transporting, and distributing farm goods. The government aims to improve rural markets and infrastructure to help farmers.

1. By : AJAY KARWA
Class : XII COMMERCE ‘A’
Subject : Economics

2. Meaning
Rural development covers
agriculturedevelopment
aswell asall thoseaspects
which improve the living
conditions of people in
the rural areas. Rural
development is a
comprehensive process
which targets betterment
in all aspects of rural
areas. Thusdevelopment
agriculture implies
improvementof rural
areas.

3. ⚫Developmentof human resources
⚫Land reforms
⚫Developmentof infrastructure
⚫Alleviationof poverty
⚫Developmentof the productive
resources of each locality

5. According toTime:-
1.Short term credit : loan ranges from 6 months to
15 months. Tobuy seeds , tools , manure,
fertilizers, etc.
2.Medium term credit : loan ranges between 15
months to 5 years. Tobuy machinery, equipment
digging wills, constructing cattleshedsetc.
3.Long term credit : loan ranges between 5 to 20
years . To buy tractors , land, heavy machinesand
equipmentetc.

6. According to purpose :-
1.Productivepurpose : Thiscredit is
required to enhance agriculture
production
2.Unproductive purpose : thiscredit is
required to meetsocial obligations.

8. 1. Non – institutional sources :-
 Moneylenders
 Tradersand commission agents
 Landlords
 Relatives.

9. 2. Institutional sources :-
Cooperativecredit societies.
Thesecontributes nearly 30% of
the rural credit.
 Land development banks
Thecredit isgranted againstthe
mortgage
Long term credit

10. 3. Commercial bank credit
Regional rural bank
To open the branches in those
areas where there no banking
facilitiesavailable
To provide credit facilities to
small and marginal farmers.

12. ⚫National bank foragricultural and rural
development (NABARD) Apex agency To
promote the strength of credit
institutions in credit delivery system To
provide assistance in the non-farm
sectorsalsoTocontrol and evaluate the
projects financed by it Itcoordinates the
functioning of different financial
institution involved in advancing rural
credit.

13. Agriculture marketing is a process
that involves the assembling,
storage processing, transportation,
packaging, grading and distribution
of different agriculture
commodities across thecountry .

14. Regulation of markets
 Provision of physical infrastructure
Cooperative marketing
 Minimum support price
 Grading and qualitycontrol
 Dissemination of information.

15.  Government interventionshould increase
 Moreof rural periodic marketsshould be
developed
 Thereshould be increased provisionof more
infrastructural facilities
 Abolition of intermediaries
 Provisionof standardizing and grading
 Dissemination of marketrelated information
throughelectronic media
 Newcooperative marketing societies
 Easycredit to the farmers

16. Aspectof diversification
Diversificationof cropproduction (
change in cropping pattern)
Diversificationof productiveactivities
( shiftof workforce fromagriculture to
otherallied activitiesand non-
agricultural sector like live stock,
poultry, fisheriesetc.,)

17. Animal husbandry
 It provides stability in income, food security ,
transportation, fuel ad nutrition for the family
 70 million small and marginal farmers provides
alternate livelihood
 Poultry account forthe largestshare with 58% followed
by others
 Dairysectorover last 3 decades has been quite
impressive
 Operation flood – milk produced according todifferent
grading

18. Fisheries
 Fish production from inland sources contributes
about 64 % to the total fish production and the
balance 36% comes from the marinesector
 Today total fish production accounts for 0.8% of total
GDP.

19. Horticulture
 It contribute nearly one third of thevalue of
agricultureoutputand 6% of GDP of India.
 2014-15 production of fruitsand vegetableswas
around 87 million tons and 170 million tons
respectively

21. ⚫ Needed
 It isan economic farming technology
. Itcan be picked
up by small and marginal farmers
 There is urgent requirement to optimally utile our
scarce resources so that theycan be preserved for future
generations too to promotesustainabledevelopment.
 Conventional farming methods use chemical based
fertilitsers and topic pesticides which deplete the soil
and devastate natural eco system, so there is urgent
need of an eco-friendly technology likeorganic farming.

22.  Economical
 Generationof income
 Healthy food
 Environment friendly
 Generates employment
 Maintains natural eco-system

23.  Needs popularization
 Inadequate infrastructureand marketing
 Lessoutput
 Shortershelf life
 Limited choice in production

24. Thank You